地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的结构抗裂预留位移量
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摘要
西安地铁穿越多条活动地裂缝带,地裂缝未来活动对地铁隧道结构造成严重威胁。论述西安地裂缝成因、活动方式和剖面特征,对未来地裂缝活动趋势和地铁设计使用期内地裂缝最大垂直位移量进行分析和预测。通过浅埋暗挖马蹄形地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的三维有限元数值模拟,得出当地裂缝垂直位移量达到20cm时隧道出现开裂破坏,隧道结构抗裂设计时需分段设缝和扩大断面以适应地裂缝的大变形。基于数值模拟结果,建立地裂缝作用下地铁隧道与地裂缝正交和斜交条件下分段隧道三维运动位移模式,确定正交和斜交条件下结构抗裂的垂直位移、横向位移和轴向位移预留量。其结果可为西安地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的结构设计提供参考。
Xi'an metro under construction pass through many ground fissure active zones,the future large deformations of active ground fissure zones make a serious threat on Xi'an metro tunnel.The genesis,moving mode and profile characteristics of active ground fissures in Xi'an are analyzed,the active tendency and maximum vertical displacements of active ground fissures in the design life time of metro tunnel are estimated.The behaviors of metro tunnel passing through active ground fissure are studied with three-dimensional FEM,the results show that tunnel lining appears cracks when the vertical displacement of ground fissure increases to 20 cm,structural measures such as setting up seams in tunnel segmentation,adding flexible joints between segmented tunnel and enlarging tunnel lining cross-section should be adopted in structural design of metro tunnel passing through active ground fissure zones.Based on the deformation characteristics of active ground fissures and numerical simulation results,the three-dimensional moving model of metro tunnel which is perpendicular and oblique to active ground fissure zones,is respectively established,the reserved value of vertical,transverse and axial displacements for metro tunnel in design are calculated.The conclusions can be presented as the reference for lining structure design of tunnel passing through the ground fissure active zones.
Xi'an metro under construction pass through many ground fissure active zones,the future large deformations of active ground fissure zones make a serious threat on Xi'an metro tunnel.The genesis,moving mode and profile characteristics of active ground fissures in Xi'an are analyzed,the active tendency and maximum vertical displacements of active ground fissures in the design life time of metro tunnel are estimated.The behaviors of metro tunnel passing through active ground fissure are studied with three-dimensional FEM,the results show that tunnel lining appears cracks when the vertical displacement of ground fissure increases to 20 cm,structural measures such as setting up seams in tunnel segmentation,adding flexible joints between segmented tunnel and enlarging tunnel lining cross-section should be adopted in structural design of metro tunnel passing through active ground fissure zones.Based on the deformation characteristics of active ground fissures and numerical simulation results,the three-dimensional moving model of metro tunnel which is perpendicular and oblique to active ground fissure zones,is respectively established,the reserved value of vertical,transverse and axial displacements for metro tunnel in design are calculated.The conclusions can be presented as the reference for lining structure design of tunnel passing through the ground fissure active zones.
引文
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[9]黄强兵,彭建兵,门玉明,等.地裂缝对地铁明挖整体式衬砌隧道影响机制的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2324-2331.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,MEN Yuming,et al.Model test study of effect of ground fissure on open-cut metro tunnel with integral lining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2324-2331.(in Chinese))
[10]黄强兵,彭建兵,樊红卫,等.西安地裂缝对地铁隧道的危害及防治措施研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(5):781-788.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,FAN Hongwei,et al.Metro tunnel hazards induced by active ground fissures in Xi′an and relevant control measures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(5):781-788.(in Chinese))
[11]彭建兵,黄强兵.西安地裂缝对地铁工程的危害及防治措施研究[R].西安:长安大学,2008.(PENG Jianbing,HUANG Qiangbin.Research on hazard of Xi′an active ground fissures on metro engineering and relevant countermeasures[R].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2007.(in Chinese))
[2]王景明.地裂缝及其灾害的理论分析与应用[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,2000.(WANG Jingming.Theory of ground fissures hazards and application[M].Xi′an:Shaanxi Science and Technology Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[3]李永善.西安地裂缝及渭河盆地活断层研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.(LI Yongshan.Research on Xi′an ground fissures and active faults in Weihe basin[M].Beijin:Seismic Press,1992.(in Chinese))
[4]彭建兵.渭河盆地活动断裂与地质灾害[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1992.(PENG Jianbing.Active faults and geological hazards in Weihe basin[M].Xi′an:Northwest University Press,1992.(in Chinese))
[5]毛应生,柳丽英,王德信,等.西安市地裂对市政构筑物的破坏机制与对策的探讨[J].城市道桥与防洪,2002,(2):1-6.(MAO Yingsheng,LIU Liying,WANG Dexin,et al.Approach to mechanism and countermeasure of municipal structures destroyed by groundcracking in Xi′an city[J].Urban Roads Bridges and Flood Control,2002,(2):1-6.(in Chinese))
[6]黄强兵,彭建兵,范文,等.西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝未来位错量估算及工程分级[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(4):469-474.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,FAN Wen,et al.Estimation of the maximum displacement of ground fissures along Xi′an Metro Line2and its engineering classification[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(4):469-474.(in Chinese))
[7]彭建兵,陈立伟,黄强兵,等.地裂缝破裂扩展的大型物理模拟试验研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1826-1834.(PENG Jianbing,CHEN Liwei,HUANG Qiangbing,et al.Large-scale physical simulative experiment on ground fissure expansion mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,51(6):1826-1834.(in Chinese))
[8]范文,邓龙胜,彭建兵,等.地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的物理模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1917-1923.(FAN Wen,DENG Longsheng,PENG Jianbing,et al.Study of the physical model experiment of metro tunnel crossing ground fissure belt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(9):1917-1923.(in Chinese))
[9]黄强兵,彭建兵,门玉明,等.地裂缝对地铁明挖整体式衬砌隧道影响机制的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2324-2331.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,MEN Yuming,et al.Model test study of effect of ground fissure on open-cut metro tunnel with integral lining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2324-2331.(in Chinese))
[10]黄强兵,彭建兵,樊红卫,等.西安地裂缝对地铁隧道的危害及防治措施研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(5):781-788.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,FAN Hongwei,et al.Metro tunnel hazards induced by active ground fissures in Xi′an and relevant control measures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(5):781-788.(in Chinese))
[11]彭建兵,黄强兵.西安地裂缝对地铁工程的危害及防治措施研究[R].西安:长安大学,2008.(PENG Jianbing,HUANG Qiangbin.Research on hazard of Xi′an active ground fissures on metro engineering and relevant countermeasures[R].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2007.(in Chinese))
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