悬索桥锚碇隧道爆破开挖的围岩累积振动效应研究
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摘要
结合矮寨悬索桥锚碇隧道的爆破施工,通过围岩的声波测试得到围岩损伤度和松动圈范围在不同等级的爆破冲击荷载作用下的发育规律,探讨围岩累积损伤程度和振动速度之间的对应关系,以及引起岩体损伤度累计效应的阈值,较为完整地描述了爆破冲击荷载作用下围岩损伤度和松动圈的发展过程。在此基础上得出合理的爆破振动速度的控制指标。结果表明:锚碇隧道的爆破施工不但要控制单次爆破对围岩的扰动,更重要的是,应考虑围岩在频繁的近距离爆破作用下产生的累计振动效应并加以控制。爆破振动速度控制在3～6cm/s时,最大围岩松动圈厚度约为2.3m,围岩平均损伤度约为0.15。当测点处围岩的振动速度小于2cm/s时,围岩的损伤度积累不明显,可视为爆破振动累积损伤阈值。
Based on blasting excavation in anchorage tunnel of Aizhai suspension bridge,the development laws of damage degree and loose ring of surrounding rock under different blasting loads are obtained by acoustic wave testing method.The corresponding relation between the damage degree of surrounding rock and the peak particle velocity(PPV) of vibration is discussed.Moreover,the threshold which leads to accumulative damage to rock mass is discussed;and a comparatively complete description of the development of damage degree and loose ring of surrounding rock is given.On the basis of above-mentioned researches,a reasonable control index of blasting vibration velocity is obtained.It is shown that not only the disturbance of single blasting on the surrounding rock should be controlled during blasting construction of anchorage tunnel,but the emphasis should be put on the accumulative vibration effect of surrounding rock induced by frequent short-distance blasting;and the corresponding control measures should be taken.When the PPV of the surrounding rock is controlled in the range of 3-6 cm/s;the maximum thickness of the loose ring of the surrounding rock is about 2.3 m;and the average damage degree of the surrounding rock is 0.15.When the PPV of the surrounding rock is less than 2 cm/s,the accumulated damage degree of the surrounding rock is not obvious,which can be regarded as the threshold of blasting vibration accumulated damage in this project.
Based on blasting excavation in anchorage tunnel of Aizhai suspension bridge,the development laws of damage degree and loose ring of surrounding rock under different blasting loads are obtained by acoustic wave testing method.The corresponding relation between the damage degree of surrounding rock and the peak particle velocity(PPV) of vibration is discussed.Moreover,the threshold which leads to accumulative damage to rock mass is discussed;and a comparatively complete description of the development of damage degree and loose ring of surrounding rock is given.On the basis of above-mentioned researches,a reasonable control index of blasting vibration velocity is obtained.It is shown that not only the disturbance of single blasting on the surrounding rock should be controlled during blasting construction of anchorage tunnel,but the emphasis should be put on the accumulative vibration effect of surrounding rock induced by frequent short-distance blasting;and the corresponding control measures should be taken.When the PPV of the surrounding rock is controlled in the range of 3-6 cm/s;the maximum thickness of the loose ring of the surrounding rock is about 2.3 m;and the average damage degree of the surrounding rock is 0.15.When the PPV of the surrounding rock is less than 2 cm/s,the accumulated damage degree of the surrounding rock is not obvious,which can be regarded as the threshold of blasting vibration accumulated damage in this project.
引文
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[7]董志宏,张奇华,丁秀丽,等.矮寨悬索桥隧道锚碇稳定性数值分析[J].长江科学院院报,2005,22(6):54-58.(DONG Zhihong,ZHANG Qihua,DING Xiuli,et al.Numerical analysis of rock mass stability in tunnel anchoring of Aizhai suspension bridge[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2005,22(6):54-58.(in Chinese))
[8]张庆彬,吴从师,周扬水.大跨度隧道的钻爆设计和振动测试[J].采矿技术,2005,5(3):73-75.(ZHANG Qingbin,WU Congshi,ZHOU Yangshui.Blasting design and vibration monitoring of large span tunnel[J].Mining Technology,2005,5(3):73-75.(in Chinese))
[9]李俊如,夏祥,李海波,等.核电站基岩爆破开挖损伤区研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增1):4674-4678.(LI Junru,XIA Xiang,LI Haibo,et al.Study on blast-induced bedrock damage extension for a nuclear power station project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4674-4678.(in Chinese))
[10]赵东平,王明年.小净距交叉隧道爆破振动响应研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):116-119.(ZHAO Dongping,WANG Mingnian.Study on influence of blasting vibration on cross tunnels with small clearance[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):116-119.(in Chinese))
[11]朱玉,卫军,李昊,等.悬索桥隧道锚与下方公路隧道相互作用分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2005,2(1):57-61.(ZHU Yu,WEI Jun,LI Hao,et al.Analysis of interaction between tunnel-type anchorage in suspension bridge and highway tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2005,2(1):57-61.(in Chinese))
[12]孙钧.海底隧道工程设计施工若干关键技术的商榷[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(SUN Jun.Discussion on some key technical issues for design and construction of undersea tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(in Chinese))
[13]朱传云,卢文波,董振华.岩质边坡爆破振动安全判据综述[J].爆破,1997,14(4):13-17.(ZHU Chuanyun,LU Wenbo,DONG Zhenhua.Safety criterion of blasting shock for the rock slope[J].Blasting,1997,14(4):13-17.(in Chinese))
[14]朱传云,喻胜春.爆破引起岩体损伤的判别方法研究[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):12-16.(ZHU Chuanyun,YU Shengchun.Study on the criterion of rock mass damage caused by blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(1):12-16.(in Chinese)
[15]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2001.(SHENG Zhou,XIE Shiqian,PAN Chengyi.Probability theory and mathematical statistics[M].3rd ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[2]朱玉,卫军,李昊,等.大跨径悬索桥隧道锚变位分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(19):3588-3593.(ZHU Yu,WEI Jun,LI Hao,et al.Analysis of displacements of tunnel-type anchorage for a large-span suspension bridge[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(19):3588-3593.(in Chinese))
[3]胡波,曾钱帮,饶旦,等.锚碇-围岩系统在拉剪复合应力条件下的变形规律及破坏机制研究——以坝陵河特大岩锚悬索桥为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):712-719.(HU Bo,ZENG Qianbang,RAO Dan,et al.Study on deformation law and failure mechanism of anchorage-surrounding rock system under tensile-shear complex stresses—taking super-large suspension bridge on Baling River for example[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(4):712-719.(in Chinese))
[4]孙有为.地下洞室的几何性质对松动圈的影响[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2006.(SUN Youwei.Influence of geometry on the loosing zone of underground cavity[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Admini-stration,2006.(in Chinese))
[5]闫长斌.爆破作用下岩体累积损伤效应及其稳定性研究[博士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2006.(YAN Changbin.Study on cumulative damage effects and stability of rock mass under blasting loading[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2006.(in Chinese))
[6]汪海滨,高波,孙振.悬索桥隧道式锚碇系统力学行为研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2728-2735.(WANG Haibin,GAO Bo,SUN Zhen.Study on mechanical behaviour of tunnel anchorage system for suspension bridge[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):2728-2735.(in Chinese))
[7]董志宏,张奇华,丁秀丽,等.矮寨悬索桥隧道锚碇稳定性数值分析[J].长江科学院院报,2005,22(6):54-58.(DONG Zhihong,ZHANG Qihua,DING Xiuli,et al.Numerical analysis of rock mass stability in tunnel anchoring of Aizhai suspension bridge[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2005,22(6):54-58.(in Chinese))
[8]张庆彬,吴从师,周扬水.大跨度隧道的钻爆设计和振动测试[J].采矿技术,2005,5(3):73-75.(ZHANG Qingbin,WU Congshi,ZHOU Yangshui.Blasting design and vibration monitoring of large span tunnel[J].Mining Technology,2005,5(3):73-75.(in Chinese))
[9]李俊如,夏祥,李海波,等.核电站基岩爆破开挖损伤区研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增1):4674-4678.(LI Junru,XIA Xiang,LI Haibo,et al.Study on blast-induced bedrock damage extension for a nuclear power station project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4674-4678.(in Chinese))
[10]赵东平,王明年.小净距交叉隧道爆破振动响应研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):116-119.(ZHAO Dongping,WANG Mingnian.Study on influence of blasting vibration on cross tunnels with small clearance[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):116-119.(in Chinese))
[11]朱玉,卫军,李昊,等.悬索桥隧道锚与下方公路隧道相互作用分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2005,2(1):57-61.(ZHU Yu,WEI Jun,LI Hao,et al.Analysis of interaction between tunnel-type anchorage in suspension bridge and highway tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2005,2(1):57-61.(in Chinese))
[12]孙钧.海底隧道工程设计施工若干关键技术的商榷[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(SUN Jun.Discussion on some key technical issues for design and construction of undersea tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(in Chinese))
[13]朱传云,卢文波,董振华.岩质边坡爆破振动安全判据综述[J].爆破,1997,14(4):13-17.(ZHU Chuanyun,LU Wenbo,DONG Zhenhua.Safety criterion of blasting shock for the rock slope[J].Blasting,1997,14(4):13-17.(in Chinese))
[14]朱传云,喻胜春.爆破引起岩体损伤的判别方法研究[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):12-16.(ZHU Chuanyun,YU Shengchun.Study on the criterion of rock mass damage caused by blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(1):12-16.(in Chinese)
[15]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2001.(SHENG Zhou,XIE Shiqian,PAN Chengyi.Probability theory and mathematical statistics[M].3rd ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001.(in Chinese))
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