海底隧道结构健康监测设计研究
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摘要
由于海底隧道工程环境的特殊性与复杂性,因此为保证海底隧道运营安全,必须对海底隧道进行长期的结构健康监测,以此了解隧道结构在复杂环境中的受力变化状况,从而及时了解隧道结构损伤位置及损伤程度,进而对结构安全状况做出评估并加以有效处理。在对隧道结构健康监测现状进行总结后,针对海底隧道工程特点,结合在建的厦门翔安海底隧道工程,通过必要的数值模拟计算,首先确定出该隧道的监测内容及重点监测部位,随后结合工程实际情况确定监测断面位置、监测项目及监测仪器的选择、监测点布置等内容。同时,研究结果表明:(1)不良地质段隧道结构安全监测,除对该位置隧道结构进行重点监测外,还应当在邻近较好地质条件处设立辅助监测断面,便于分析不良地质条件对隧道结构的影响作用;(2)海底隧道结构的渗漏情况可通过监测其重点部位,如拱部的衬砌开裂情况,并配合相应位置的衬砌结构水压变化情况而间接获得。研究结果将对我国在建或拟建的海底隧道结构健康监测起到一定的指导作用。
Due to the particular and complex engineering environment of subsea tunnel,the long-term structural health monitoring should be adopted to ensure the operation security of subsea tunnel. At the same time,stress change state of tunnel in complex environment will be realized. Then the damage position and damage degree of tunnel structure will be known in time for evaluating structure safety and disposing it effectively. For Xiamen Xiang′an subsea tunnel,based on the present state generalization of tunnel structure health monitoring and characteristic of subsea tunnel engineering,the monitoring contents and important monitoring sites should be determined firstly according to necessary numerical simulation. Secondly,according to the practical situation of engineering,monitoring section positions,monitoring items and monitoring instruments will be selected. Besides, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) To monitor the safety of tunnel in unfavorable geological area,except for the important site of tunnel,the auxiliary monitoring section should be also set up in adjacent and preferable geological conditions. Then it is very convenient to analyze the influence of unfavorable geological conditions on tunnel structure. (2) The leakage situation of subsea tunnel structure could be obtained by indirect monitoring results in main areas,such as arch lining cooperating change of lining water pressure in corresponding position. Issues mentioned above may have a guiding sense to the application of structural health monitoring of subsea tunnels under construction in China.
Due to the particular and complex engineering environment of subsea tunnel,the long-term structural health monitoring should be adopted to ensure the operation security of subsea tunnel. At the same time,stress change state of tunnel in complex environment will be realized. Then the damage position and damage degree of tunnel structure will be known in time for evaluating structure safety and disposing it effectively. For Xiamen Xiang′an subsea tunnel,based on the present state generalization of tunnel structure health monitoring and characteristic of subsea tunnel engineering,the monitoring contents and important monitoring sites should be determined firstly according to necessary numerical simulation. Secondly,according to the practical situation of engineering,monitoring section positions,monitoring items and monitoring instruments will be selected. Besides, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) To monitor the safety of tunnel in unfavorable geological area,except for the important site of tunnel,the auxiliary monitoring section should be also set up in adjacent and preferable geological conditions. Then it is very convenient to analyze the influence of unfavorable geological conditions on tunnel structure. (2) The leakage situation of subsea tunnel structure could be obtained by indirect monitoring results in main areas,such as arch lining cooperating change of lining water pressure in corresponding position. Issues mentioned above may have a guiding sense to the application of structural health monitoring of subsea tunnels under construction in China.
引文
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[12]李宏男,李东升.土木工程结构安全性评估、健康监测及诊断评述[J].地震工程及工程振动,2002,22(3):82-90.(LI Hongnan,LI Dongsheng.Safety assessment,health monitoring and damage diagnosis for structures in civil engineering[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(3):82-90.(in Chinese))
[13]EISENSTEIN Z D.Large undersea tunnels and the progress of technology[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(3):283-292.
[14]孙钧.海底隧道工程设计施工若干关键技术的商榷[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(SUN Jun.Discussion on some key technical issues for design and construction of undersea tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(in Chinese))
[15]高峰,李德武.隧道三维地震反应分析若干问题的研究[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(4):48-53.(GAO Feng,LI Dewu.A study on some problems concerning3D analysis of seismic responses of tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(4):48-53.(in Chinese))
[16]李德武.断层破碎带隧道衬砌受力特性研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2004.(LI Dewu.Research on the stress features of tunnel lining in the fault-rupture zone[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2004.(in Chinese))
[17]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司.厦门翔安隧道设计文件[R].武汉:中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,2004.(CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd..Design and Research Institute.Design documents of Xiamen Xiang′an tunnel[R].Wuhan:CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,2004.(in Chinese))
[18]吴江滨,张顶立,王梦恕.铁路运营隧道病害现状及检测评估[J].中国安全学报,2003,13(6):49-52.(WU Jiangbin,ZHANG Dingli,WANG Mengshu.Current damage situation of railway operation tunnels and their inspection and evaluation[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(6):49-52.(in Chinese))
[19]蔡德所.光纤传感技术在大坝工程中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.(CAI Desuo.Applications of optical fiber sensing technology to dam engineering[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[20]刘浩吾.混凝土重力坝裂缝观测的光纤传感网络[J].水利学报,1999,(10):61-64.(LIU Haowu.Optical fiber sensor network for crack monitoring in concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,(10):61-64.(in Chinese))
[2]刘泉声,徐光苗,张志凌.光纤测量技术在岩土工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):310-314.(LIU Quansheng,XU Guangmiao,ZHANG Zhiling.Application of fiber optic sensors to geotechnical engineering monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(2):310-314.(in Chinese))
[3]LI H N,LI D S,SONG G B.Recent applications of fiber optic sensors to health monitoring in civil engineering[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(11):1647-1657.
[4]BHALLA S,YANG Y W,ZHAO J,et al.Structural health monitoring of underground facilities—technological issues and challenges[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20(5):487-500.
[5]VAN OOSTERHOUT G P C.Recent Dutch experiences in developing,structural monitoring systems for shield driven tunnels[J].HERON,2003,48(1):65-78.
[6]施斌,徐学军,王镝,等.隧道健康诊断BOTDR分布式光纤应变监测技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2623-2628.(SHI Bin,XU Xuejun,WANG Di,et al.Study on BOTDR-based distributed optical fiber strain measurement for tunnel health diagnosis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):2623-2628.(in Chinese))
[7]徐玉桂,刘清忠.浅谈光纤传感技术在隧道结构健康监测中的运用[J].南京市政,2006,(4):8-13.(XU Yugui,LIU Qingzhong.Fiber optical sensors applying for tunnel structural health monitoring system[J].Nanjing Muncipal Works,2006,(4):8-13.(in Chinese))
[8]LEE J S,CHOI I Y,LEE H U,等.隧道检测系统及其在韩国高速铁路隧道的应用[J].中国铁道科学,2004,25(3):21-26.(LEE J S,CHOI I Y,LEE H U,et al.Tunnel measurement system and its application to Korea high-speed rail tunnels[J].China Railway Science,2004,25(3):21-26.(in Chinese))
[9]关宝树.隧道工程维修管理要点集[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(GUAN Baoshu.The principal points of tunnel engineering maintenance[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
[10]熊海贝,李志强.结构健康监测的研究现状[J].结构工程师,2006,22(5):86-90.(XIONG Haibei,LI Zhiqiang.State of the art of structural health monitoring[J].Structural Engineers,2006,22(5):86-90.(in Chinese))
[11]丁勇,施斌,隋海波.隧道结构健康监测系统与光纤传感技术[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2005,25(4):375-380.(DING Yong,SHI Bin,SUI Haibo.Tunnel structural health monitoring system and fiber optic sensing technology[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2005,25(4):375-380.(in Chinese))
[12]李宏男,李东升.土木工程结构安全性评估、健康监测及诊断评述[J].地震工程及工程振动,2002,22(3):82-90.(LI Hongnan,LI Dongsheng.Safety assessment,health monitoring and damage diagnosis for structures in civil engineering[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(3):82-90.(in Chinese))
[13]EISENSTEIN Z D.Large undersea tunnels and the progress of technology[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(3):283-292.
[14]孙钧.海底隧道工程设计施工若干关键技术的商榷[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(SUN Jun.Discussion on some key technical issues for design and construction of undersea tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1513-1521.(in Chinese))
[15]高峰,李德武.隧道三维地震反应分析若干问题的研究[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(4):48-53.(GAO Feng,LI Dewu.A study on some problems concerning3D analysis of seismic responses of tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(4):48-53.(in Chinese))
[16]李德武.断层破碎带隧道衬砌受力特性研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2004.(LI Dewu.Research on the stress features of tunnel lining in the fault-rupture zone[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2004.(in Chinese))
[17]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司.厦门翔安隧道设计文件[R].武汉:中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,2004.(CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd..Design and Research Institute.Design documents of Xiamen Xiang′an tunnel[R].Wuhan:CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,2004.(in Chinese))
[18]吴江滨,张顶立,王梦恕.铁路运营隧道病害现状及检测评估[J].中国安全学报,2003,13(6):49-52.(WU Jiangbin,ZHANG Dingli,WANG Mengshu.Current damage situation of railway operation tunnels and their inspection and evaluation[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(6):49-52.(in Chinese))
[19]蔡德所.光纤传感技术在大坝工程中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.(CAI Desuo.Applications of optical fiber sensing technology to dam engineering[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[20]刘浩吾.混凝土重力坝裂缝观测的光纤传感网络[J].水利学报,1999,(10):61-64.(LIU Haowu.Optical fiber sensor network for crack monitoring in concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,(10):61-64.(in Chinese))
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