福州地铁运行引起的环境振动加速度预测分析
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摘要
建立了车轨垂向耦合振动数值模型和隧道-土体有限元模型,总结了地铁沿线典型场地土分布,利用车轨垂向耦合模型获得振源加速度,通过隧道-土体有限元模型对福州地铁运行引起的环境振动加速度进行了预测分析。结果表明,福州市场地类别以II类和III类为主,环境振动加速度振级随着距离的增加呈减小的趋势,且III类场地低频成分更加丰富,可能引发频率相近的建筑物和精密仪器的共振;两种场地类型均存在一个振动放大区,且III类场地的振动放大区的幅度更大,范围更广;在一定的距离范围内,环境振动加速度主频体现了扣件轨道共振频率,对于加速度主频和2 Hz以下的低频振动,距离的影响不明显;环境振动加速度振级随着车速的增加而增大;载客量的增加仅有限的增大40 m范围内的环境振动;列车单线运行时引起的环境振动加速度振级比双线运行时有较明显的降低,且III类场地的降幅大于II类场地。
A two subsystem model, consisting of a vehicle-track coupled model of vertical vibration and the tunnel-soil model of 3D FEM are established, typical distribution of soil along the metro lines is summarized, and the vibration accelerations of the environment are predicted using the tunnel-soil model, with the accelerations of the vibration source obtained from the vehicle-track coupled model. The results show that the two main site classifications in Fuzhou are Class II and III as defined in the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB50011-2010), the vibration acceleration level of the environment induced by Fuzhou metro attenuates with the distance to the centre line of track, and the low-frequency parts of the Class III site experience greater vibration than those of the site of Class II, which can arouse buildings or precision instruments with similar frequency resonance anomalies. Additionally, there is an amplified zone in each site class, and that is more diffuse in Class III sites. To the extent that the vibration acceleration frequency of the environment embodies the resonance frequency of fasteners and track, the distance has an inconspicuous effect on acceleration frequency and low-frequencies at about 2Hz and below; with increased train speed, the vibration acceleration in the environment increases obviously, while metro load capacity only slightly increases vibration accelerations within a certain distance. The vibration acceleration of the environment under a train running in single line is much less than under trains running in double line, and the vibration of the of Class III sites is expected to fall more steeply than those of the Class II sites.
引文
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