基于GPS观测的昆仑山8.1级地震微动态变形研究
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摘要
借助板内块体的刚性运动、应变综合模型,利用青藏块体东北缘地区的GPS基准站连续观测数据,通过计算各测站累计差分位移得出该区域变形参数动态变化。结果表明,2001年昆仑山8.1级地震前后变形参数时间序列存在一致的变化趋势,同震变化明显的参量有东西向应变、最小主应变、面膨胀率与第二剪应变。该综合模型可以解释昆仑8.1级地震引起区域应变释放、调整的机制。研究还认为利用区域变形参数组合有可能识别出大震临震异常。
By means of the synthetic model for rigid movement and strain of the intro-plate blocks,and through computing the accumulated difference displacements derived from the observation fiducial GPS stations in the northeastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet block,the dynamic variations of the continuous deformation parameters in this area are obtained.The results show that there was coherent vary tendency between these parameters before and after the KunLun Mountains Ms 8.1 earthquake,it is discovered that the four time series,the east-westward strain,the least principal strain,the superficial expansion rate and the second shear strain are significant.The mechanism of strain releasing and adjustment induced by the earthquake in the area can be interprated with this Model.It is possible to identity imminent anomalies of a large earthquakes in the region by assembling deformation parameters.
By means of the synthetic model for rigid movement and strain of the intro-plate blocks,and through computing the accumulated difference displacements derived from the observation fiducial GPS stations in the northeastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet block,the dynamic variations of the continuous deformation parameters in this area are obtained.The results show that there was coherent vary tendency between these parameters before and after the KunLun Mountains Ms 8.1 earthquake,it is discovered that the four time series,the east-westward strain,the least principal strain,the superficial expansion rate and the second shear strain are significant.The mechanism of strain releasing and adjustment induced by the earthquake in the area can be interprated with this Model.It is possible to identity imminent anomalies of a large earthquakes in the region by assembling deformation parameters.
引文
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3中国地震局监测预报司.GPS、卫星遥感及地球变化磁场地震短期预测方法研究[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.3 Monitor and Forecast Department of China Earthquake Ad-ministration.Study on the method of earthquake short-termprediction with GPS,satellite remote sensing and the earthmagnetic field variation data[M].Beijing:SeismologicalPress,2006.(in Chinese)
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8孙建中,杨少敏.用GPS资料揭示现今中国大陆构造运动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):75-80.8 Sun Jianzhong and Yang Shaomin.Tectonic movement ofChinese mainland reveled from GPS data[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):75-80.(inChinese)
9顾国华,张晶.中国地壳运动观测网络基准站GPS观测的位移时间序列结果[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):61-67.9 Gu Guohua and Zhang Jing.Time series of displacementsfrom GPS observation at fiducial station in the crustal move-ment observation network of China[J].Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics,2002,22(2):61-67.(in Chinese)
10吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):14-20.10 Wu Yun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movementand seismic precursors revealed by GPS survey[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):14-20.(inChinese)
11江在森,等.中国大陆地壳运动与强震关系研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3):1-9.11 Jiang Zaisen,et al.On crustal movement in China conti-nent and its relationship with strong earthquakes[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(3):1-9.(in Chinese)
12任金卫,王敏.GPS观测的2001年昆仑山口西Ms8.1级地震地壳变形[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(1):34-44.12 Ren Jinwei and Wang Min.GPS measured crustal deforma-tion of the Ms8.1 Kunlun earthquake on November 14th2001 in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Quaternary Science,2005,25(1):34-44.(in Chinese)
13徐锡伟,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(Ms8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):1-4.13 Xu Xiwei,et al.Characteristics of the surface ruptures ofthe Kusai lake induced by Kunlunshan earthquake(Ms8.1)[J].Seismology and Geology,2002,24(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
14江在森,等.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震前区域构造变形背景[J].中国科学(D辑),2003b,33:163-172.14 Jiang Zaisen,et al.Regional tectonic deformation back-ground before Ms8.1 earthquake in the west of the KunlunMountains Pass[J].Science in China(Series D),2003,33(Supp.):163-172.(in Chinese)
15张燕,等.GPS时间序列揭示地震前兆的初步探索[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):96-99.15 Zhang Yan,et al.Preliminary discussion on GPS time se-ries manifesting earthquake precursor[J].Journal of Ge-odesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):96-99.(in Chi-nese)
16周硕愚,等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3):111-117.16 Zhou Shuoyu,et al.Researches on problems and propul-sion for earthquake prediction by GPS problems[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(3):111-117.(in Chinese)
17李秋生,等.东昆仑大地震的深部构造背景[J].地球学报,2004,25(1):11-16.17 Li Qiusheng,et al.Deep tectonic background of the Ms8.1earthquake in the east Kunlun[J].Acta Geoscientica Sini-ca,2004,25(1):11-16.(in Chinese)
2江在森,等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):352-358.2 Jiang Zaisen,et al.Horizontal strain field and tectonic de-formation of China mainland revealed by preliminary GPS re-sult[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(3):352-358.(in Chinese)
3中国地震局监测预报司.GPS、卫星遥感及地球变化磁场地震短期预测方法研究[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.3 Monitor and Forecast Department of China Earthquake Ad-ministration.Study on the method of earthquake short-termprediction with GPS,satellite remote sensing and the earthmagnetic field variation data[M].Beijing:SeismologicalPress,2006.(in Chinese)
4王琪,等.中国大陆现今构造变形GPS观测数据与速度场[J].地学前缘,2002,9(2):415-429.4 Wang Qi,et al.GPS database and velocity field of contem-porary tectonic deformation in continental China[J].EarthScience Frontiers,2002,9(2):415-429.(in Chinese)
5杨国华,等.由GPS观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场[J].地震学报,2002,24(4):337-347.5 Yang Guohua,et al.Current horizontal strain field in Chi-nese mainland derived from GPS data[J].Acta SeismologySinica,2002,24(4):337-347.(in Chinese)
6李延兴,等.板内块体的刚性弹塑性运动模型与中国大陆主要块体的应变状态[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):565-572.6 Li Yanxing,et al.The rigid and elastic-plastic model ofthe blocks in intro-plate and strain status of principalblocks in the continent of China[J].Acta Seismologica Sini-ca,2001,23(6):565-572.(in Chinese)
7张静华,等.用GPS测量结果研究华北现今构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):40-46.7 Zhang Jinghua,et al.Study on present-day deformationand strain field in North China by use of GPS data[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(3):40-46.(in Chinese)
8孙建中,杨少敏.用GPS资料揭示现今中国大陆构造运动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):75-80.8 Sun Jianzhong and Yang Shaomin.Tectonic movement ofChinese mainland reveled from GPS data[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):75-80.(inChinese)
9顾国华,张晶.中国地壳运动观测网络基准站GPS观测的位移时间序列结果[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):61-67.9 Gu Guohua and Zhang Jing.Time series of displacementsfrom GPS observation at fiducial station in the crustal move-ment observation network of China[J].Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics,2002,22(2):61-67.(in Chinese)
10吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):14-20.10 Wu Yun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movementand seismic precursors revealed by GPS survey[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):14-20.(inChinese)
11江在森,等.中国大陆地壳运动与强震关系研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3):1-9.11 Jiang Zaisen,et al.On crustal movement in China conti-nent and its relationship with strong earthquakes[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(3):1-9.(in Chinese)
12任金卫,王敏.GPS观测的2001年昆仑山口西Ms8.1级地震地壳变形[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(1):34-44.12 Ren Jinwei and Wang Min.GPS measured crustal deforma-tion of the Ms8.1 Kunlun earthquake on November 14th2001 in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Quaternary Science,2005,25(1):34-44.(in Chinese)
13徐锡伟,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(Ms8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):1-4.13 Xu Xiwei,et al.Characteristics of the surface ruptures ofthe Kusai lake induced by Kunlunshan earthquake(Ms8.1)[J].Seismology and Geology,2002,24(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
14江在森,等.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震前区域构造变形背景[J].中国科学(D辑),2003b,33:163-172.14 Jiang Zaisen,et al.Regional tectonic deformation back-ground before Ms8.1 earthquake in the west of the KunlunMountains Pass[J].Science in China(Series D),2003,33(Supp.):163-172.(in Chinese)
15张燕,等.GPS时间序列揭示地震前兆的初步探索[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):96-99.15 Zhang Yan,et al.Preliminary discussion on GPS time se-ries manifesting earthquake precursor[J].Journal of Ge-odesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):96-99.(in Chi-nese)
16周硕愚,等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3):111-117.16 Zhou Shuoyu,et al.Researches on problems and propul-sion for earthquake prediction by GPS problems[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(3):111-117.(in Chinese)
17李秋生,等.东昆仑大地震的深部构造背景[J].地球学报,2004,25(1):11-16.17 Li Qiusheng,et al.Deep tectonic background of the Ms8.1earthquake in the east Kunlun[J].Acta Geoscientica Sini-ca,2004,25(1):11-16.(in Chinese)
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