防灾公园的减灾功能
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摘要
地震灾害避难疏散的经验与教训表明 ,城市公园是重要的避难场所 ;防灾公园是减灾功能特别强的城市公园 ;城市公园改造成防灾公园或规划建设新的防灾公园可以提高城市公园的综合防灾减灾功能。发生城市突发事件时 ,防灾公园可以用作紧急避难所、灾害对策据点。防灾公园具有供居民避难以及确保避难人员基本生活条件的功能、防灾减灾功能、情报收集与传递功能、医疗与救护功能、运输基地功能等。强化防灾公园减灾功能的主要措施是广泛采用高新科学技术 ,并对防灾公园系统实施综合性的科学管理
The experiences and lessons from the evacuation and refuge after earthquakes indicate that the park of city is an important evacuee shelter. The disaster prevention park has the strongest function of disaster mitigation among the city parks. It can improve the parks′ synthetical disaster prevention and mitigation function through reforming existing city parks to be disaster prevention parks or building new ones. This kind of park could be used as emergent refuge when the city incurs accidental disaster, which becomes an effective countermeasure to resist the disaster. The disaster prevention park not only provides a refuge for people, but also guarantees the basic living conditions for refugee. It has many functions, such as disaster prevention and mitigation, informative collection and transfer, medical and rescue, transport base etc. The main measure to strengthen disaster prevention parks′ disaster mitigation function is to adopt widely high-tech and implement the scientific management of the system of disaster prevention parks.
The experiences and lessons from the evacuation and refuge after earthquakes indicate that the park of city is an important evacuee shelter. The disaster prevention park has the strongest function of disaster mitigation among the city parks. It can improve the parks′ synthetical disaster prevention and mitigation function through reforming existing city parks to be disaster prevention parks or building new ones. This kind of park could be used as emergent refuge when the city incurs accidental disaster, which becomes an effective countermeasure to resist the disaster. The disaster prevention park not only provides a refuge for people, but also guarantees the basic living conditions for refugee. It has many functions, such as disaster prevention and mitigation, informative collection and transfer, medical and rescue, transport base etc. The main measure to strengthen disaster prevention parks′ disaster mitigation function is to adopt widely high-tech and implement the scientific management of the system of disaster prevention parks.
引文
①肖江碧等.921集集震灾都市防灾调查研究报告.台湾省“内政部”建筑研究所,1999
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[1] 李佳鹏.应急避难场所:撑起人民生命的保护伞[N].中国建设报,20031121
[2] 都市绿化技术开发机构.防灾公园计画·设计ガィドラィン[R].东京:大藏省印刷局,1999
[3] 都市绿化技术开发机构,公园绿地防灾技术共同研究会.防灾公园技术ハンドブック[R].东京:株式会社ェポ,2000
[4] 柏原士郎,上野淳,森田孝夫.阪神·淡路大震灾における避难所の研究[R].大阪:大阪大学出版社,1998
[5] 九三学社北京委员会.关于加强北京市抗御地震灾害能力的建议[EB/OL].http://www.bjzx.gov.cn/tian/ding/js/Wg201.htm,1/3
[6] 洪金祥,崔雅君.城市园林绿化与抗震防灾[J].中国园林,1999,15(3):5758
[7] 于 山,苏幼坡.唐山大地震震后救援与恢复重建[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2003
[8] 冯力群.地震火灾防治对策[J].安全,1999,(6):1517
[9] 田中克己.防灾ィンタ—ネツト[J].都市问题,1998,89(3):75
[10]苏幼坡,刘瑞兴.城市地震避难所的规划原则与要点[J].灾害学,2004,19(1):8791
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