海洋天然气水合物调查地震采集技术——调查深入阶段研究
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摘要
地震调查方法在水合物中的应用分为两个主要阶段:调查初始阶段和调查深入阶段。调查深入阶段以"井位优选"为主要目的,在对天然气水合物进行初步调查的前提下,开展深入调查,更好地展现"天然气水合物矿体立体上的形态特征",了解"水合物矿体的厚度、顶底界面及富集程度"。文中从震源技术研究、高分辨率地震调查技术的调谐组合参数研究和野外施工方法等方面的内容出发,根据大量野外技术试验资料和有关科研成果,总结了在天然气水合物调查深入阶段的特点及相应的地震调查技术。
Seismic exploration for gas hydrate experiences two stages:the primary survey stage and the further survey stage.The main purpose of the further stage lies in how to choose the ascendant area for exploration.When the primary survey stage is finished,we can mark the target zone for further investigation and thus giving its three dimension characters and obtaining its thickness,bottom and top depth and richness.This paper bases on seismic source study,high resolution seismic survey's harmonic parameters study and field operation method,according to lots of sea trial data and other bibliography,summarizing the characters of the further stage in gas hydrates exploration and corresponding seismic exploration technology.
Seismic exploration for gas hydrate experiences two stages:the primary survey stage and the further survey stage.The main purpose of the further stage lies in how to choose the ascendant area for exploration.When the primary survey stage is finished,we can mark the target zone for further investigation and thus giving its three dimension characters and obtaining its thickness,bottom and top depth and richness.This paper bases on seismic source study,high resolution seismic survey's harmonic parameters study and field operation method,according to lots of sea trial data and other bibliography,summarizing the characters of the further stage in gas hydrates exploration and corresponding seismic exploration technology.
引文
[1]张光学．黄永样，陈邦彦．海域天然气水合物地震学[M]．北京：海洋出版社，2003．
[2]张明，伍忠良．天然气水合物BSR的识别与地震勘探频率[J]．海洋学报，2004，26(4)：80-88．
[3]张光学．黄永样．陈邦彦．海域天然气水合物地震学[M]．北京：海洋出版社，2003．
[4]李正文．高分辨率地震勘探[M]．成都：成都科技大学出版社，1993．1-20．
[5]刘建磊，王修田．海上地震虚反射相位剔除法反褶积[J]．海洋地质与第四纪地质，2002，22(4)：117-121．
[6]PRENSKY S.Hydrate Resources Estimation,http://www.aist.go.jp/GSJ/dMG/hydrate / hydrate.resources.html,2001-03-31/2004-07-07.
[7]Matthew J Hornbach,WSteven Holbrook,Andrew R Gorman,et al.2003,Direct seismic detection of methane hydrate on the Blake Ridge. GEOPHYSICS,2003,68(1)(JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2003):92～100.
[8]HYNDMAN R D,SPENCE G D,CHAPMAN R.et al.2002,Geophysical Studies of Marine Gas Hydrate in Northern Cascadia.http/www.pgc. nrcan.gc.ca/marine/gas-hydrates/moro-e.khtml,2002.
[9]HOLBROOKWS,HOSKINS H,WOODWT,et al.1996,Methane hydrate and free gas on the Blake Ridge from vertical seismic profiling[J]. Science,1996,273:1840-1843.
[10]HYDNMANRD,SPENCEGD.A seismicstudy of methane hydratemarine bottum simulating reflector.Geophvsics(B),1992 97:6683-6698.
[11]PECHERIA.MINSHULLTA,SINGHSC,et al.Velocity structure of a bottom simulating reflector offshore Peru resultsfromfullwaveform inversion[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,1996,139:459-469.
[12]HOLBROOK WS.Seismic studies of the Blake Ridge:implication for hydrate distribution,memane expulsion.and free gas dynamics[A]. PAULL C K,DILLON W P,Natural Gas Hydrates:Occurrence,Distributioa,and Detection:124[ M].Washington DC:Am GeophysicsUnion, 2001,235-256.
[13]HYDNMAN R D,DALLMOR E S R.Natural Gas Hydrate Studies in Canada[M].CSEG Record,2001,11-20.
[14]JohnstonRC,Reed D H,DeslerJ F.Special report on marineseismic energy source standards.Geophysics,1988,53(4),566-575.
[2]张明，伍忠良．天然气水合物BSR的识别与地震勘探频率[J]．海洋学报，2004，26(4)：80-88．
[3]张光学．黄永样．陈邦彦．海域天然气水合物地震学[M]．北京：海洋出版社，2003．
[4]李正文．高分辨率地震勘探[M]．成都：成都科技大学出版社，1993．1-20．
[5]刘建磊，王修田．海上地震虚反射相位剔除法反褶积[J]．海洋地质与第四纪地质，2002，22(4)：117-121．
[6]PRENSKY S.Hydrate Resources Estimation,http://www.aist.go.jp/GSJ/dMG/hydrate / hydrate.resources.html,2001-03-31/2004-07-07.
[7]Matthew J Hornbach,WSteven Holbrook,Andrew R Gorman,et al.2003,Direct seismic detection of methane hydrate on the Blake Ridge. GEOPHYSICS,2003,68(1)(JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2003):92～100.
[8]HYNDMAN R D,SPENCE G D,CHAPMAN R.et al.2002,Geophysical Studies of Marine Gas Hydrate in Northern Cascadia.http/www.pgc. nrcan.gc.ca/marine/gas-hydrates/moro-e.khtml,2002.
[9]HOLBROOKWS,HOSKINS H,WOODWT,et al.1996,Methane hydrate and free gas on the Blake Ridge from vertical seismic profiling[J]. Science,1996,273:1840-1843.
[10]HYDNMANRD,SPENCEGD.A seismicstudy of methane hydratemarine bottum simulating reflector.Geophvsics(B),1992 97:6683-6698.
[11]PECHERIA.MINSHULLTA,SINGHSC,et al.Velocity structure of a bottom simulating reflector offshore Peru resultsfromfullwaveform inversion[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,1996,139:459-469.
[12]HOLBROOK WS.Seismic studies of the Blake Ridge:implication for hydrate distribution,memane expulsion.and free gas dynamics[A]. PAULL C K,DILLON W P,Natural Gas Hydrates:Occurrence,Distributioa,and Detection:124[ M].Washington DC:Am GeophysicsUnion, 2001,235-256.
[13]HYDNMAN R D,DALLMOR E S R.Natural Gas Hydrate Studies in Canada[M].CSEG Record,2001,11-20.
[14]JohnstonRC,Reed D H,DeslerJ F.Special report on marineseismic energy source standards.Geophysics,1988,53(4),566-575.
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