页岩气测井评价及地震预测、监测技术探讨
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摘要
我国页岩气资源潜力巨大,勘探开发一旦突破并形成产能,必将对缓解中国油气资源紧张的压力产生重大深远的影响。页岩气藏与常规天然气藏在储集、运聚、保存等地质条件方面有较大差别,其含气储层速度变化小,具有典型的低孔、低渗物性特征和地球物理参数弱敏感性,对地球物理预测评价技术和方法提出了新的挑战。根据国外页岩气勘探开发经验,水平井钻井和储层改造是页岩气勘探开发提高产量的关键技术,而地球物理方法则是优化页岩气钻井及储层压裂改造部署的必要技术支撑,能贯穿始终服务和指导勘探开发工程。因此,通过对页岩气层岩石物理特性和页岩气储集特征的研究,指出应利用现有地球物理成熟技术和借鉴国外页岩气勘探开发的成功经验,来探索适合我国页岩气测井识别评价技术和页岩气地震预测、监测技术。
There is a great potential in shale gas resources in China,so its commercial production resulting from a breakthrough achieved in its exploration and development will greatly contribute to the ease of oil and gas shortage in China.Shale gas reservoirs are quite different from the conventional gas reservoirs in terms of geological conditions of gas migration,accumulation,and preservation.They are featured by subtle velocity variation,typical low-porosity and low-permeability as well as poor sensitivity to geophysical parameters,challenging geophysical prediction and evaluation of this kind of reservoirs.Overseas experiences of shale gas exploration and development show that horizontal drilling and reservoir fracturing techniques are the keys to an increase of shale gas production.Geophysical techniques are indispensable to the optimization of drilling and fracturing operation.Therefore,based on a study of petrophysical properties and poroperm characteristics of shale gas reservoirs,this paper presents log identification and evaluation as well as seismic monitoring and prediction techniques that are suitable for the shale gas reservoirs in China.
There is a great potential in shale gas resources in China,so its commercial production resulting from a breakthrough achieved in its exploration and development will greatly contribute to the ease of oil and gas shortage in China.Shale gas reservoirs are quite different from the conventional gas reservoirs in terms of geological conditions of gas migration,accumulation,and preservation.They are featured by subtle velocity variation,typical low-porosity and low-permeability as well as poor sensitivity to geophysical parameters,challenging geophysical prediction and evaluation of this kind of reservoirs.Overseas experiences of shale gas exploration and development show that horizontal drilling and reservoir fracturing techniques are the keys to an increase of shale gas production.Geophysical techniques are indispensable to the optimization of drilling and fracturing operation.Therefore,based on a study of petrophysical properties and poroperm characteristics of shale gas reservoirs,this paper presents log identification and evaluation as well as seismic monitoring and prediction techniques that are suitable for the shale gas reservoirs in China.
引文
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[10]PADDOCK D,STOLTE C.Seismic reservoir characteriza-tion of a gas shale utilizing azi muthal data processing,pre-stack seismic inversion,and Ant Tracking[C/OL].2008CSPG CSEG CWLS Conference.http:∥www.cspg.org/conventionsl abstractsl 2008 abstractsl-207.0pf.
[2]张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):136-140.
[3]张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18.
[4]陈更生,董大忠,王世谦,等.页岩气成藏机理与富集规律初探[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):17-21.
[5]蒋裕强,董大忠,漆麟,等.页岩气储层的基本特征及其评价[J].天然气工业,2010,30(10):7-12.
[6]聂海宽,唐玄,边瑞康.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):484-491.
[7]闫存章,黄玉珍,葛春梅,等.页岩气是潜力巨大的非常规天然气资源[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):1-6.
[8]斯伦贝谢公司.页岩气藏的开采[J/OL].油田新技术,2006(4):18-31.http:∥slb-sis.cn/toc/2006/Autumn2006-4.pdf.
[9]张卫东,郭敏,杨延辉.页岩气钻采技术综述[J].中外能源,2010,15(6):35-40.
[10]PADDOCK D,STOLTE C.Seismic reservoir characteriza-tion of a gas shale utilizing azi muthal data processing,pre-stack seismic inversion,and Ant Tracking[C/OL].2008CSPG CSEG CWLS Conference.http:∥www.cspg.org/conventionsl abstractsl 2008 abstractsl-207.0pf.
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