曲流河沉积微相的三维地震描述
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摘要
上第三系馆上段曲流河沉积的砂岩是良好的储层,但砂岩的空间分布一般不均匀。如何利用三维地震描述方法寻找储集体物性好的河床微相是提高勘探开发效益的重要手段。曲流河主要包括河床、堤岸、河漫和牛轭湖4种沉积微相,岩石组合为砂泥岩互层,具有"泥包砂"的特点。各沉积微相的地震反射特征为:河床呈强能量、负极性;堤岸呈中强能量、负极性和高频;河漫呈弱能量、极性不固定;牛轭湖呈高强能量、负极性。通过水平切片(层拉平水平切片)、三维立体显示和分频扫描技术可快速地识别河床与河漫微相,确定沉积微相精细描述的目标区。地震相精细描述的振幅、频率和波形参数组合分析方法可以有效地消除地震方法划分曲流河沉积微相的多解性。利用地震方法精细描述的曲流河沉积微相结果与测井资料吻合较好,说明先宏观、后精细的地震方法描述曲流河沉积微相是行之有效的。
Neogene upper Eg mender sedimentary sandstone is good reservoir,but the spatial distribution of sandstone is generally non-uniform.How to use 3-D seismic description to look for river bed microfacies that is good physical property of reservoir is important tool improving benefit of exploration and development.The mender mainly includes several sedimentary microfacies: river bed,bank,flood plain and ox-bow lake;the rock composition is interbedded sand and shale characterized by "sand coated by clay".The feature of seismic reflections for each sedimentary microfacies is strong energy and negative polarity for river bed;mid-strong energy,negative polarity and high frequency for bank;weak energy and non-fixed polarity for flood plain;and strong energy and negative polarity for ox-bow lake.The river bed and flood plain microfacies can be rapidly identified by level slice(horizontal level slice),3-D visualization show and frequency division scanning that also can determine the target zone where the fine description of sedimentary microfacies is needed.The parameter composition analysis of amplitude,frequency and waveform finely described by seismic facies can effectively eliminate the multi-solution resulted from the division of mender sedimentary microfacies by seismic method.The results of mender sedimentary microfacies finely described by seismic method is well consistent with logging data,which showed that using the seismic method of "the macro analysis being first and the fine analysis being second" to describe the mender sedimentary microfacies is feasibility.
Neogene upper Eg mender sedimentary sandstone is good reservoir,but the spatial distribution of sandstone is generally non-uniform.How to use 3-D seismic description to look for river bed microfacies that is good physical property of reservoir is important tool improving benefit of exploration and development.The mender mainly includes several sedimentary microfacies: river bed,bank,flood plain and ox-bow lake;the rock composition is interbedded sand and shale characterized by "sand coated by clay".The feature of seismic reflections for each sedimentary microfacies is strong energy and negative polarity for river bed;mid-strong energy,negative polarity and high frequency for bank;weak energy and non-fixed polarity for flood plain;and strong energy and negative polarity for ox-bow lake.The river bed and flood plain microfacies can be rapidly identified by level slice(horizontal level slice),3-D visualization show and frequency division scanning that also can determine the target zone where the fine description of sedimentary microfacies is needed.The parameter composition analysis of amplitude,frequency and waveform finely described by seismic facies can effectively eliminate the multi-solution resulted from the division of mender sedimentary microfacies by seismic method.The results of mender sedimentary microfacies finely described by seismic method is well consistent with logging data,which showed that using the seismic method of "the macro analysis being first and the fine analysis being second" to describe the mender sedimentary microfacies is feasibility.
引文
[1]李丕龙,张善文,曲寿利等著.陆相断陷盆地沉积体系与油气分布.北京:石油工业出版社,2003,87~107
[2]李庆忠.近代河流沉积与地震地层学解释.石油物探,1994,23(2):26~41
[3]焦养泉,陈安平,王敏芳等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组底部砂体成因分析.沉积学报,2005,23(3):371~379
[4]陈德坡,柳世成.孤东油田七区西曲流河沉积微相定量识别技术.断块油气田,2003,10(2):16~20
[5]张春生,刘忠保,施东.高弯曲与低弯曲河流比较沉积学研究.沉积学报,2000,18(2):227~233
[6]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993,134~139
[7]于建国,林春明,王金铎等.曲流河沉积亚相的地震识别方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):547~551
[8]张善文,才巨宏,吴洪波.埕岛地区馆上段储层地震岩性学研究.石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(增2):123~128
[9]张延章,廖前进,范军侠等.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58~60
[10]杨凤丽,张善文,才巨宏等.曲流河砂体的沉积相、测井相、地震相研究及预测.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):171~17
[2]李庆忠.近代河流沉积与地震地层学解释.石油物探,1994,23(2):26~41
[3]焦养泉,陈安平,王敏芳等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组底部砂体成因分析.沉积学报,2005,23(3):371~379
[4]陈德坡,柳世成.孤东油田七区西曲流河沉积微相定量识别技术.断块油气田,2003,10(2):16~20
[5]张春生,刘忠保,施东.高弯曲与低弯曲河流比较沉积学研究.沉积学报,2000,18(2):227~233
[6]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993,134~139
[7]于建国,林春明,王金铎等.曲流河沉积亚相的地震识别方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):547~551
[8]张善文,才巨宏,吴洪波.埕岛地区馆上段储层地震岩性学研究.石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(增2):123~128
[9]张延章,廖前进,范军侠等.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58~60
[10]杨凤丽,张善文,才巨宏等.曲流河砂体的沉积相、测井相、地震相研究及预测.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):171~17
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