福州盆地及邻区地壳精细结构的深地震反射与高分辨率折射及宽角反射/折射联合探测研究
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摘要
福州盆地及其邻区地处中国大陆东南沿海地震带北端.通过在该地区开展了中国第一条高分辨率地震折射、宽角反射/折射和深地震反射联合剖面探测,获得了该地区近地表至Moho面的精细速度结构和几何结构及其深浅构造关系图像.结果表明,该地区地壳厚约32km,具有明显的分层结构特征,可分为上地壳和下地壳2个组成部分.上地壳介质速度为5.9～6.2km/s,在埋深10～15km之间存在厚3～4km的弱低速层(体);下地壳介质速度介于6.3～7.27km/s之间,Moho面上部厚约3km范围内为一个强速度梯度层,速度从6.5km/s增加到Moho面上界面的7.27km/s;福州盆地及其邻区近地表至浅部高角度正断层发育,但规模较小,延深浅,是缓倾正断层上盘发育的次级反向正断层,发震能力有限;而长乐—诏安断裂带至滨海断裂带下部存在着切割上、下地壳分界面和Moho面的高倾角深断裂,具有发生中强以上地震的深部构造环境,是未来产生对福州市有影响地震的震源区.这一成果大大提高了中国东南沿海地震带深部构造的探测精度,在东南沿海地区首次发现上地壳的张性构造及铲式正断层组合特征,并在深浅部构造组合方面首次取得了统一的解释结果,深化了东南沿海地震带的深部动力学过程的认识,同时在深部地震探测方法综合应用方面对其他地区具有借鉴意义.
引文
1马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989.1~68
2廖其林,王振明,王屏路,等.福州-泉州-汕头地区地壳结构的爆炸地震研究.地球物理学报,1988,31(3):270~280
3廖其林,王振明,邱陶兴,等.福州盆地及其周围地区地壳深部结构与构造的初步研究.地球物理学报,1990,33(2):163~173
4Fuis G S.Images of crust beneath south california will aid study of earthquakes and their effects.EOS AGU,1996,77:173~176
5Fuis G S,T Ryberg,W J Lutter,et al.Seismic mapping of shallow fault zones in the San Gabriel Mountains from the Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment,Southern California.J Geophys Research,2001,106(B4):6549~6568
6福建省地质矿产局.福建省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1985.1~671
7徐锡伟,吴卫民,张先康,等.首都圈地区地壳最新构造变动与地震.北京:科学出版社,2002.1~376
8王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋,等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(4):445~452
9Sandmeier K J,Wenzel F.Synthetic seismograms for a complex crustal model.Geophysical Research Letters,1986,13(1):22~25
10张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋,等.延庆-怀来地区地壳细结构——利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3):356~364
11Fountain D M,Arculus R,Kay R W.Continental Lower Crust,Amsterdam:Elsevier,1992,1~485
12Rutter E H,Khazanehdari J,Brodie K H,et al.Synthetic seismic reflection profile through the Ivrea zone-Serie dei Laghi continental crustal section,northernwestern Italy.Geology,1999,27(1):79~82
13友南,孙君秀.华北北部克拉通地壳岩石的波速特征与地壳物质组成.地震地质,1999,21(2):147~155
14Eaton G P.Geophysical and geological characteristics of the crust of the Basin and Range Province.in:Continental Tectonics,Washington D C,1980
15Davison I.Listric normal fault profiles:calculation using bed-length balance and fault displacement.J Struct Geol,1986,8(2):209~210
16Allmendinger R W,Hauge T A,Hauser C,et al.Tectonic heredity and the layered lower crust in the Basin and Range Province,western United States.Continental Extensional Tectonics,Geolo-gical Society Special Publication,1986,28:223~246
17闵伟,朱金芳,冉永康,等.福州盆地活动断裂的探槽研究.地震地质,2002,24(4):514~523
2廖其林,王振明,王屏路,等.福州-泉州-汕头地区地壳结构的爆炸地震研究.地球物理学报,1988,31(3):270~280
3廖其林,王振明,邱陶兴,等.福州盆地及其周围地区地壳深部结构与构造的初步研究.地球物理学报,1990,33(2):163~173
4Fuis G S.Images of crust beneath south california will aid study of earthquakes and their effects.EOS AGU,1996,77:173~176
5Fuis G S,T Ryberg,W J Lutter,et al.Seismic mapping of shallow fault zones in the San Gabriel Mountains from the Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment,Southern California.J Geophys Research,2001,106(B4):6549~6568
6福建省地质矿产局.福建省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1985.1~671
7徐锡伟,吴卫民,张先康,等.首都圈地区地壳最新构造变动与地震.北京:科学出版社,2002.1~376
8王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋,等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(4):445~452
9Sandmeier K J,Wenzel F.Synthetic seismograms for a complex crustal model.Geophysical Research Letters,1986,13(1):22~25
10张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋,等.延庆-怀来地区地壳细结构——利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3):356~364
11Fountain D M,Arculus R,Kay R W.Continental Lower Crust,Amsterdam:Elsevier,1992,1~485
12Rutter E H,Khazanehdari J,Brodie K H,et al.Synthetic seismic reflection profile through the Ivrea zone-Serie dei Laghi continental crustal section,northernwestern Italy.Geology,1999,27(1):79~82
13友南,孙君秀.华北北部克拉通地壳岩石的波速特征与地壳物质组成.地震地质,1999,21(2):147~155
14Eaton G P.Geophysical and geological characteristics of the crust of the Basin and Range Province.in:Continental Tectonics,Washington D C,1980
15Davison I.Listric normal fault profiles:calculation using bed-length balance and fault displacement.J Struct Geol,1986,8(2):209~210
16Allmendinger R W,Hauge T A,Hauser C,et al.Tectonic heredity and the layered lower crust in the Basin and Range Province,western United States.Continental Extensional Tectonics,Geolo-gical Society Special Publication,1986,28:223~246
17闵伟,朱金芳,冉永康,等.福州盆地活动断裂的探槽研究.地震地质,2002,24(4):514~523
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