时频峰值滤波信号增强方法在实际地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
在不损失有效信号能量的基础上从低信噪比地震资料中恢复出有效信息是地震资料处理的关键问题之一。针对这一问题利用基于伪Wigner-Ville分布的时频峰值滤波技术处理共炮点地震记录。基于伪Wigner-Ville分布的时频峰值滤波技术可以保证得到复杂地震记录的无偏估计,增强地震资料中的有效信息,去除随机噪声,有效地恢复同相轴。采用实际共炮点地震资料,比较时频峰值滤波前后的地震记录可以看出:地震资料中的有效信息明显增强,同相轴连续性得到改善。
It is essential to seismic data processing that event is recovered clearly from noisy seismic data without losing energy of the signal.The timefrequency peak filtering(TFPF) based on pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD) was applied to process common shot point seismic record to eliminate the noise.This method achieved an unbiased estimation of the complex seismic record.The efficient information in seismic data was enhanced,and the random noise in the seismic data was removed,and the seismic event was recovered effectively.Compared the results from practical seismic record before and after TFPF processing,the effective information in seismic data was enhanced evidently,and the continuity of event was improved simultaneously.
It is essential to seismic data processing that event is recovered clearly from noisy seismic data without losing energy of the signal.The timefrequency peak filtering(TFPF) based on pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD) was applied to process common shot point seismic record to eliminate the noise.This method achieved an unbiased estimation of the complex seismic record.The efficient information in seismic data was enhanced,and the random noise in the seismic data was removed,and the seismic event was recovered effectively.Compared the results from practical seismic record before and after TFPF processing,the effective information in seismic data was enhanced evidently,and the continuity of event was improved simultaneously.
引文
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[17]Barkat B,Boashash B.Design of higher order polyno-mial wigner-ville distributions[J].IEEE Trans Sig-nal Processing,1999,47(9):2608-2611.
[2]康冶,于承业,贾卧,等.f-x域去噪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):136-138.KANG Ye,YU Cheng-ye,JIA Wo,et al.A study ofnoise-suppression method inf-xdomain[J].Oil Ge-ophysical Prospecting,2003,38(2):136-138.
[3]国九英,周兴元,杨慧珠.三维f-x,y域随机噪声衰减[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):207-215.GUO Jiu-ying,ZHOU Xing-yuan,YANG Hui-zhu.Attenuation of random noise in(f-x,y)domain[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(2):207-215.
[4]章珂,刘贵忠,邹大文,等.二进小波变换方法的地震信号分时分频去噪处理[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(2):265-271.ZHANG Ke,LIU Gui-zhong,ZOU Da-wen,et al.Seismic data time-frequency domain denoise based ondyadic wavelet transform[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1996,39(2):265-271.
[5]杨立强,宋海斌,郝天珧,等.基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):4-6.YANG Li-qiang,SONG Hai-bin,HAO Tian-yao,etal.Method of 2-D wavelet transform in attenuatingrandom noise[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2005,44(1):4-6.
[6]Cao Si-yuan,Chen Xiang-peng.The second-generationwavelet transform and its application in denoising ofseismic data[J].Applied Geophysics,2005,2(2):70-74.
[7]孙明,林君.τ-p变换去除金属矿地震资料中的线性干扰[J].物探与化探,2001,25(6):432-436.SUN Ming,LIN Jun.The Application ofτ-ptrans-form to noise elimination in base metal seismic data[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2001,25(6):432-436.
[8]Jones I,Levy S.Signal-to-noise ratio enhancement inmultichannel seismic data via the Karhunen-Loevetransform[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1987,35:12-32.
[9]王者江,曾昭发,薛建,等.KL变换清除探地雷达数据中的水平相干噪声[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(增刊):128-131.WANG Zhe-jiang,ZENG Zhao-fa,XUE Jian,et al.The application of KL transform to remove horizontalcoherent noise in GPR record[J].Journal of Jilin Uni-versity(Earth Science Edition),2005,35(Sup.):128-131.
[10]Boashash B,Mesbah M.Signal enhancement by time-frequency peak filtering[J].IEEE Trans SignalProcessing,2004,52(4):929-937.
[11]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724-728.JIN Lei,LI Yue,YANG Bao-jun.Reduction of ran-dom noise for seismic data by time-frequency peakfiltering[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(3):724-728.
[12]杨宝俊,李月,李晓华,等.改善地震勘探记录的4项技术[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(5):856-858.YANG Bao-jun,LI Yue,LI Xiao-hua,et al.Four pro-cessing techniques for improving the seismic prospec-ting records[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Sci-ence Edition),2006,36(5):856-858.
[13]Cohen L.Time f requency analysis[M].EnglewoodCliffs:Prentice Hall,1995.
[14]Lovell B C,Williamson R C,Boashash B.The rela-tionship between Instantaneous frequency and timefrequency representations[J].IEEE Trans SignalProcessing,1993,41(3):1458-1461.
[15]Zahir M,Hussain B Boashash.Adaptive Instantane-ous frequency estimation of multicomponent FM sig-nal using quadratic time-frequency distributions[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,2000,50(8):657-660.
[16]Stankovic L J,Katkovnik V.The wigner distributionof noisy signals with adaptive time-frequency var-ying window[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1999,47(4):1099-1108.
[17]Barkat B,Boashash B.Design of higher order polyno-mial wigner-ville distributions[J].IEEE Trans Sig-nal Processing,1999,47(9):2608-2611.
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