海域天然气水合物地震勘查技术初探
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摘要
地震方法在海洋天然气水合物的调查及研究过程中发挥了关键作用。截至2002年底,全球范围内已发现的116处水合物矿点中,利用地球物理探测技术推测的就有近90处。本文在详细调研国内外天然气水合物调查研究的文献资料基础上,探讨了天然气水合物地震勘查技术方法,包括单道地震、常规多道地震、高分辨率多道地震。认为海域水合物勘探方法的选择主要根据具体的地质条件、勘探目标、经费等综合条件来确定。高分辨率多道地震勘探及其特殊地震资料相关处理是未来利用地球物理方法进行水合物勘探研究的主流发展方向。
Seismic technique has an important impact on the survey & research of marine gas hydrate. Up to end of 2002, there are approximate 90 gas hydrate spots that were found through geophysical technique in total 116. Based on the domestic and overseas data of gas hydrate which collected by the authors, the seismic techniques including single-channel, normal multi-channel and high-resolution multi-channel seismic were discussed in this paper. The conclusions were drew that the technique of gas hydrate exploration was determined by several factors including geological background, exploration target and the investment etc. High-resolution multi-channel seismic technique and its special processing will be the mainstream for the survey and research of the marine gas hydrate for the future.
Seismic technique has an important impact on the survey & research of marine gas hydrate. Up to end of 2002, there are approximate 90 gas hydrate spots that were found through geophysical technique in total 116. Based on the domestic and overseas data of gas hydrate which collected by the authors, the seismic techniques including single-channel, normal multi-channel and high-resolution multi-channel seismic were discussed in this paper. The conclusions were drew that the technique of gas hydrate exploration was determined by several factors including geological background, exploration target and the investment etc. High-resolution multi-channel seismic technique and its special processing will be the mainstream for the survey and research of the marine gas hydrate for the future.
引文
孙春岩，黄新武，章明昱等．2003．天然气水合物及其地球物理识别方法的研究进展．现代地质，17(2)：195～200
孙春岩，章明昱，牛滨华等．2003．天然气水合物地震似海底反射现象AVO正演模型研究．现代地质，17(3)：337～343
许东禹，2004．海底天然气水合物的识别标志和探测技术．海洋石油，4
杨胜雄，张光学，张明．1999．海洋天然气水合物综合勘测技术．99’海洋高新技术发展研讨会论文集
张光学，黄永样，陈邦彦．2003．海域天然气水合物地震学．北京：海洋出版社
曾繁彩，吴琳，何拥军．2003．国外天然气水合物调查研究综述．海洋地质动态，19(11)：19～23
周怀阳，彭晓彤，叶瑛．2002．天然气水合物勘探开发技术研究进展．地质与勘探，38(1)
Grevemeyer I, Rosenberger A and Villinger H.2000. Geophysical, Natural gas hydrates on the continental slope off Pakistan: Constraints from seismic techniques. Journal International 140/2 (295～310)
Hobro J W, Minshull T A and Singh S C. 1998. Tomographic seismic studies of the methane hydrate stability zone in the Cascadia Margin.Geological Society Special Publication 137 (133～140)
Holbrook W S, Hoskins H, Wood W T et al. 1996. Methane hydrate and free gas on the Blake Ridge from vertical seismic profiling.Science 273/5283 (1840～1843)
K Andreassen, P E Hart & A Grantz. 1995. Seismic studies of a bottom simulating reflection related to gas hydrate beneath the continental margin of the Beaufort SeaJournal of Geophysical Research, 100(B7), 12,659～12,673
M H Taylor, W P Dillon, I A Pecher. 2000. Trapping and migration of methane associated with the gas hydrate stability zone at the Blake Ridge Diapir: new insights from seismic data, Marine Geology, 164(2000), 79～89
U Tinivella, F Accaino.2000.Compressional velocity structure and Poisson's ratio in marine sediments with gas hydrate and free gas by inversion of reflected and refracted seismic data(South Shetland Islands, Antarctica), Marine Geology, 164,13～27
孙春岩，章明昱，牛滨华等．2003．天然气水合物地震似海底反射现象AVO正演模型研究．现代地质，17(3)：337～343
许东禹，2004．海底天然气水合物的识别标志和探测技术．海洋石油，4
杨胜雄，张光学，张明．1999．海洋天然气水合物综合勘测技术．99’海洋高新技术发展研讨会论文集
张光学，黄永样，陈邦彦．2003．海域天然气水合物地震学．北京：海洋出版社
曾繁彩，吴琳，何拥军．2003．国外天然气水合物调查研究综述．海洋地质动态，19(11)：19～23
周怀阳，彭晓彤，叶瑛．2002．天然气水合物勘探开发技术研究进展．地质与勘探，38(1)
Grevemeyer I, Rosenberger A and Villinger H.2000. Geophysical, Natural gas hydrates on the continental slope off Pakistan: Constraints from seismic techniques. Journal International 140/2 (295～310)
Hobro J W, Minshull T A and Singh S C. 1998. Tomographic seismic studies of the methane hydrate stability zone in the Cascadia Margin.Geological Society Special Publication 137 (133～140)
Holbrook W S, Hoskins H, Wood W T et al. 1996. Methane hydrate and free gas on the Blake Ridge from vertical seismic profiling.Science 273/5283 (1840～1843)
K Andreassen, P E Hart & A Grantz. 1995. Seismic studies of a bottom simulating reflection related to gas hydrate beneath the continental margin of the Beaufort SeaJournal of Geophysical Research, 100(B7), 12,659～12,673
M H Taylor, W P Dillon, I A Pecher. 2000. Trapping and migration of methane associated with the gas hydrate stability zone at the Blake Ridge Diapir: new insights from seismic data, Marine Geology, 164(2000), 79～89
U Tinivella, F Accaino.2000.Compressional velocity structure and Poisson's ratio in marine sediments with gas hydrate and free gas by inversion of reflected and refracted seismic data(South Shetland Islands, Antarctica), Marine Geology, 164,13～27
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