地面细测标准层与地震反射相位连接方法在柴达木盆地地层对比中的应用
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摘要
山间盆地露头资料十分丰富 ,在缺乏井资料的情况下 ,充分利用露头资料对地震剖面进行标定 ,这对盆内覆盖区的地震解释具有重要意义。应用地面细测标准层标定地震剖面的方法和步骤为 :①根据地面细测标准层与地震测线的坐标关系 ,绘出两者位置关系图 ;②根据地震测线与标准层倾向线在地面上的投影夹角 ,计算地层真倾角在测线方向上的视倾角 ;③由该地震视倾角计算反射层倾斜时差Δt;④在地震时间剖面上拾取倾斜时差为Δt的反射层 ,即完成细测标准层与地震反射相位的连接工作。此方法简单实用 ,易于操作。应用该方法对柴达木盆地冷湖七号构造的地层进行了连续追踪对比 ,取得了良好效果。图3参 4
Because the distribution of outcrops is universal in the intermountain basin, it is important to fully use surface markers to calibrate seismic events at the place where wells are rare. Four procedures are discussed in this paper to calibrate seismic events with surface survey marker. Firstly, drawing the relative position map of seismic lines and surface survey markers according to their coordinate systems. Secondly, calculating the apparent dip in the direction of seismic line. Thirdly, calculating the slant interval transit time. Additionally, if the elevation of seismic line and surface markers are not equal, the elevation correction is needed. Finally, tracing the seismic event that the interval transit time equates to Δ t in the seismic section. This method is not only simple but also effective for the stratigraphic correlation in the intermountain basin. A good result has been achieved in the stratigraphic correlation at Lenghu 7 structure, Qaidam basin by using this method.
Because the distribution of outcrops is universal in the intermountain basin, it is important to fully use surface markers to calibrate seismic events at the place where wells are rare. Four procedures are discussed in this paper to calibrate seismic events with surface survey marker. Firstly, drawing the relative position map of seismic lines and surface survey markers according to their coordinate systems. Secondly, calculating the apparent dip in the direction of seismic line. Thirdly, calculating the slant interval transit time. Additionally, if the elevation of seismic line and surface markers are not equal, the elevation correction is needed. Finally, tracing the seismic event that the interval transit time equates to Δ t in the seismic section. This method is not only simple but also effective for the stratigraphic correlation in the intermountain basin. A good result has been achieved in the stratigraphic correlation at Lenghu 7 structure, Qaidam basin by using this method.
引文
1 宋建国 ,廖建 .柴达木盆地构造特征及油气区的划分 .石油学报 ,1 982 ,3(增刊 ) :1 4～2 3 .
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3 杨藩 ,孙镇城等 .柴达木盆地第四系介形类化石带与磁性柱 .微体古生物学报 ,1 997,1 4 (4) :378～ 390 .
4 孙镇城 ,彭立才 .柴达木盆地上新世—第四系磁性生物地层与第四系底界 .见 :朱筱敏 (编 ) .石油地球科学技术进展论文集 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 996.1～5
2 陆基孟 .地震勘探原理 (下册 ) .东营 :石油大学出版社 ,1 993 .34～ 35 .
3 杨藩 ,孙镇城等 .柴达木盆地第四系介形类化石带与磁性柱 .微体古生物学报 ,1 997,1 4 (4) :378～ 390 .
4 孙镇城 ,彭立才 .柴达木盆地上新世—第四系磁性生物地层与第四系底界 .见 :朱筱敏 (编 ) .石油地球科学技术进展论文集 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 996.1～5
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