汶川Mw7.9与日本Mw9.0地震同震电离层扰动研究
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摘要
通过分析研究2008年的汶川Mw7.9地震、2011年的日本Mw9.0地震,发现伴随强震的发生,存在明显的同震电离层扰动现象。这种现象持续时间较短,一般在震前30～40min出现,并在震后大约10min达到极值,然后逐渐消失。持续时间及强度和震级存在着密切的关系,具体来说,震级越大其异常值也越大,持续时间也越长。另外一个值得注意的现象是,在震中附近出现较为明显的正异常的同时,距离震中较远的地区出现了负异常。
Coseismic ionospheric disturbances(CID)obviously exist when large earthquake occurs by analysis of Mw7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake and Mw9.0 Japan Earthquake.The duration of CID is short,usually starts 30~40 min before earthquake and reaches the extreme value about 10 min after earthquake.Then it disappears.The duration and amplitude of CID depends on seismic magnitude,specifically,magnitude greater and the duration and amplitude greater.In addition to clear precursory positive anomaly of ionospheric TEC around the earthquake epicenter,it's mentionable that weak negative anomaly of ionospheric TEC exist far away from the earthquake epicenter.
Coseismic ionospheric disturbances(CID)obviously exist when large earthquake occurs by analysis of Mw7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake and Mw9.0 Japan Earthquake.The duration of CID is short,usually starts 30~40 min before earthquake and reaches the extreme value about 10 min after earthquake.Then it disappears.The duration and amplitude of CID depends on seismic magnitude,specifically,magnitude greater and the duration and amplitude greater.In addition to clear precursory positive anomaly of ionospheric TEC around the earthquake epicenter,it's mentionable that weak negative anomaly of ionospheric TEC exist far away from the earthquake epicenter.
引文
[1]USGS(United State Geological Survey)[EB/OL].http://earthquake.usgs.gov
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[2]Xia C,Yang S,Xu G,et al.Ionospheric AnomaliesObserved by GPS TEC Prior to the Qinghai-TibetRegion Earthquakes[J].Terr Atmos Ocean Sci,2011,22(2):177-185
[3]Namgaladze A A,Zolotov O V,Zakharenkova I E,et al.Ionospheric Total Electron Content VariationsObserved before Earthquakes:Possible PhysicalMechanism and Modeling[J].Proc of the MSTU,2009,12(2):308-315
[4]Zhao B,Wang M,Yu T,et al.Is an UnusualLarge Enhancement of Ionospheric Electron DensityLinked with the 2008Great Wenchuan Earthquake?[J].J Geophys Res,2008,113:A11304
[5]周义炎,吴云,乔学军,等.汶川Ms8.0地震前电离层VTEC的异常变化[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(3):556-566
[6]孟泱,王泽民,鄂栋臣,等.基于GPS数据的地震前电离层TEC异常研究[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2008,33(1):81-84
[7]Heki K.Ionospheric Electron Enhancement Preced-ing the 2011Tohoku-Oki Earthquake[J].Geophysi-cal Research Letters,2011,38(17):1 585-1 593
[8]袁运斌.基于GPS的电离层监测及延迟改正理论与方法的研究[D].武汉:中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,2002
[9]章红平.基于地基GPS的中国区域电离层监测与延迟改正研究[D].上海:中国科学院上海天文台,2006
[10]李子申,袁运斌,霍星亮,等.GNSS电离层电子密度处理分析软件说明书[R].武汉:中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,2011
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