美国新马德里地震带的震间应变积累
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摘要
使用全球定位系统(GPS)卫星接收仪在美国新马德里地震带重新测量了历史上的三角网,并据此估算了震间应变速率.使用的观测资料包括50年代初期在这个地区20多个测站上获取的三角测量数据,以及在这些测站上于1991年和1993年所取得的GPS测量数据.在整个网内的平均应变速率为每年0.141±0.025微应变.最大主压缩轴方向为NE89°±6°.这一实测平均应变速率的数量级与考古地震研究和地震活动速率关于大地震重复周期在新马德里地区大约为500-1000a的估计相吻合.在美国中部进行的原地应力测量指出,该地区的最大主任应力轴为NEE向,本文关于最大主压缩轴方向的结果与此相-致.
Results of interseismic strain rate determined by re-occupation of a historical triangulation network in the New Madrid seismic zone by the Global Position System(GPS)are reported.The data used in this analysis include triangulation observations at more than twenty stations acquired in early 1950s and GPS observations surveyed in 1991 and 1993.The average shear strain rate is about 0.14±0.03 microradian/year.The orientation of the maximun contraction is approximately 89°±6°.The magnitude of this observed Interseismic strain rate is consistent with the recurrence rate of major earthquakes of 500-1000 years in the New Madird seismic zone inferred from paleoseismological and seismlcity studies.And the orientation of the maximum shortening is consistent with the east-northeast to east-west orientation of the horizontal principal axis of the regional tectonic stress in central and eastern United states.
引文
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