汶川地震震后形变的GPS反演
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摘要
通过对汶川地震后震区附近的GPS连续站资料的高精度数据处理,获得各测站的时间序列。利用时间序列分析,求得震后松弛时间约为38d,并获得各测站的震后位移。基于粘弹性松弛模型,对震后位移进行了模拟,反演出龙门山地区地壳的弹性层厚度的最佳估值为45km,粘弹性层的粘滞系数的最佳估值为1.8×1019 Pa.s,该结果与地震学以及地球物理学等给出的结果基本一致。
By high precision data processing,we obtain the coordinate time series of GPS continuous observation stations,which were located in the seismic area along the Longmen Shan Fault after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Through the time series analysis,the postseismic relaxation time is 38 d,and postseismic displacements of these stations are obtained simultaneously.Based on the viscoelastic relaxation model,the thickness of the elastic layer and the coefficient of viscosity of the viscoelastic layer in Longmen Shan area,are inverted by simulating the observed postseismic displacements.The preferred values of the thickness of the elastic layer and the coefficient of viscosity of the viscoelastic layer are 45 km and 1.8×1019 Pa·s separately,which are in general accord with the results obtained by seismological and geophysical methods.
By high precision data processing,we obtain the coordinate time series of GPS continuous observation stations,which were located in the seismic area along the Longmen Shan Fault after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Through the time series analysis,the postseismic relaxation time is 38 d,and postseismic displacements of these stations are obtained simultaneously.Based on the viscoelastic relaxation model,the thickness of the elastic layer and the coefficient of viscosity of the viscoelastic layer in Longmen Shan area,are inverted by simulating the observed postseismic displacements.The preferred values of the thickness of the elastic layer and the coefficient of viscosity of the viscoelastic layer are 45 km and 1.8×1019 Pa·s separately,which are in general accord with the results obtained by seismological and geophysical methods.
引文
[1]国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”项目组.GPS测定的2008汶川Ms8.0级地震的同震位移场[J].中国科学:地球科学,2008,38(10):1195-1 206
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[5]许才军,江国焰,王浩,等.基于GIS的InSAR结果分析方法及在汶川Mw7.9级地震同震解释中的应用[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2011,36(4):379-383
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[10]蔡学林,曹家敏,朱介寿,等.龙门山岩石圈地壳三维结构及汶川大地震成因浅析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(4):357-365
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[13]解朝娣,朱元清,Lei Xinglin,等.M_s8.0汶川地震产生的应力变化空间分布及其对地震活动性的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(6):688-698
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[15]王琪,张培震,牛之俊,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动和构造变形[J].中国科学:地球科学,2001,31(7):529-536
[16]Hsu Y,Yu S,Chen H.Coseismic and PostseismicDeformation Associated with the 2003ChengKungTaiwan,Earthquake[J].Geophys J Int,2009,176:420-430
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[18]张晁军,曹建玲,石耀霖.从震后形变探讨青藏高原下地壳粘滞系数[J].中国科学:地球科学,2008,38(10):1 250-1 257
[19]Hashimoto M,Enomoto M,Fukushima Y.Coseis-mic Deformation from the 2008 Wenchuan,China,Earthquake Derived from ALOS/PALSAR Images[J].Tectonophysics,2010,491(1-4):59-71
[20]王椿槦,Mooney W D,王溪莉,等.川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(1):1-16
[21]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学:地球科学,2008,10:1 186-1 194
[22]Xu Yi,Li Zhiwei,Huang Runqiu,et al.SeismicStructure of the Longmen Shan Region from S-waveTomography and Its Relationship with the Wen-chuan Ms_8.0Earthquake on 12May 2008,South-western China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2010,37:2304
[23]Zhang Zhongjie,Wang Yanghua,Chen Yun,et al.Crustal Structure Across Longmenshan Fault Beltfrom Passive Source Seismic Profiling[J].GeophysRes Lett,2009,36:L17310
[2]Xu Xiwei,Wen Xueze,Yu Guihua,et al.Co-seis-mic Reverse and Oblique-slip Surface Faulting Gen-erated by the 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake,China[J].Geology,2009,37:515-518
[3]孙建宝,梁芳,沈正康,等.汶川M_S8.0地震In-SAR形变观测及初步分析[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):789-795
[4]许才军,林敦林,温扬茂.利用InSAR数据的汶川地震形变场提取及分析[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2010,35(10):1138-1142
[5]许才军,江国焰,王浩,等.基于GIS的InSAR结果分析方法及在汶川Mw7.9级地震同震解释中的应用[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2011,36(4):379-383
[6]许才军,刘洋,温扬茂.利用GPS资料反演汶川Mw7.9级地震滑动分布[J].测绘学报,2009,38(3):195-201
[7]李志才,张鹏,金双根,等.基于GPS观测数据的汶川地震断层形变反演分析[J].测绘学报,2009,38(2):108-113
[8]申重阳,李辉,谈洪波.汶川8.0级地震同震重力与形变效应模拟[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(5):6-12
[9]Shen Zhengkang,Sun Jianbao,Zhang Peizhen,etal.Slip Maxima at Fault Junctions and Rupturing ofBarriers During the 2008Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Nature Geosci,2009,2:718-724
[10]蔡学林,曹家敏,朱介寿,等.龙门山岩石圈地壳三维结构及汶川大地震成因浅析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(4):357-365
[11]单斌,熊熊,郑勇,等.2008年5月12日M_w7.9汶川地震导致的周边断层应力变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2009,39(5):537-545
[12]韦伟,孙若昧,石耀霖.青藏高原东南缘地震层析成像及汶川地震成因探讨[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(7):831-839
[13]解朝娣,朱元清,Lei Xinglin,等.M_s8.0汶川地震产生的应力变化空间分布及其对地震活动性的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(6):688-698
[14]Wang Qi,Qiao Xuejun,Lan Qigui,et al.Ruptureof Deep Faults in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquakeand Uplift of the Longmen Shan[J].Nature Geos-ci,2011,4:634-640
[15]王琪,张培震,牛之俊,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动和构造变形[J].中国科学:地球科学,2001,31(7):529-536
[16]Hsu Y,Yu S,Chen H.Coseismic and PostseismicDeformation Associated with the 2003ChengKungTaiwan,Earthquake[J].Geophys J Int,2009,176:420-430
[17]Wang R,Lorenzo M F,Roth F.A Semi-analyticalSoftware PSGRN/PSCMP for Calculating Co-andPost-seismic Deformation on a Layered Viscoelastic-gravitational Half-space[J].Computers and Geosci-ences,2006,32:527-541
[18]张晁军,曹建玲,石耀霖.从震后形变探讨青藏高原下地壳粘滞系数[J].中国科学:地球科学,2008,38(10):1 250-1 257
[19]Hashimoto M,Enomoto M,Fukushima Y.Coseis-mic Deformation from the 2008 Wenchuan,China,Earthquake Derived from ALOS/PALSAR Images[J].Tectonophysics,2010,491(1-4):59-71
[20]王椿槦,Mooney W D,王溪莉,等.川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(1):1-16
[21]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学:地球科学,2008,10:1 186-1 194
[22]Xu Yi,Li Zhiwei,Huang Runqiu,et al.SeismicStructure of the Longmen Shan Region from S-waveTomography and Its Relationship with the Wen-chuan Ms_8.0Earthquake on 12May 2008,South-western China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2010,37:2304
[23]Zhang Zhongjie,Wang Yanghua,Chen Yun,et al.Crustal Structure Across Longmenshan Fault Beltfrom Passive Source Seismic Profiling[J].GeophysRes Lett,2009,36:L17310
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