不同掏蚀深度下古城墙的稳定性数值分析
|
摘要
以浙江良渚古城的宽顶古场面墙稳定性问题为研究对象,本文针对古城墙可能出现的不同深度的风沙掏蚀的实际工况,通过有限差分软件FLAC3D,建立计算模型进行了稳定性分析,探讨了不同掏蚀深度下城墙破坏机理和规律。研究表明:当城墙墙根掏蚀深度不是很大时,城墙整体稳定,土体开始出现比较小的位移量,掏蚀部位及其周围出现局部塑性破坏现象。随着掏蚀深度的增加,城墙塑性破坏区域不断向城墙体内部、顶部及顶部后缘范围发展,城墙上的土体位移量随着掏蚀深度的增加而呈数量级的增加,直至城墙出现整体崩塌破坏。掏蚀作用加剧了地震作用下城墙体的破坏,在掏蚀部位形成潜在破坏口,内部形成塑性贯通区,造成墙体整体崩塌。
The width of the top of the ancient city wall in Liangzhu,which is known as the first city in China,reaches 40~60 m;stability issues for this wall have been identified.Finite differences determined through FLAC3D software were considered to build a calculation model for examining failure laws and the mechanism of the ancient city wall under various sapping depths.The results show that when the sapping depth is not sufficiently large,the entire city wall is stable,and local plastic failure occurs near the sapping location.When the depth of sapping increases,the plastic failure area becomes wider and deeper and can reach the top of the wall.In addition,the soil displacement increases until the entire wall slides.The sapping contributes to the damage of the wall,a potential slide opening appears in the sapping area,and a plastic area appears in the wall,which leads to sliding of the entire wall.
The width of the top of the ancient city wall in Liangzhu,which is known as the first city in China,reaches 40~60 m;stability issues for this wall have been identified.Finite differences determined through FLAC3D software were considered to build a calculation model for examining failure laws and the mechanism of the ancient city wall under various sapping depths.The results show that when the sapping depth is not sufficiently large,the entire city wall is stable,and local plastic failure occurs near the sapping location.When the depth of sapping increases,the plastic failure area becomes wider and deeper and can reach the top of the wall.In addition,the soil displacement increases until the entire wall slides.The sapping contributes to the damage of the wall,a potential slide opening appears in the sapping area,and a plastic area appears in the wall,which leads to sliding of the entire wall.
引文
[1]张立乾,葛川.数值仿真技术在古建筑稳定性评价中的应用[J].特种结构,2009,26(4):115-120.ZhANG Li-qian,GE Chuan.The Application of NumericalSimulation Technology in Stability Evaluation to Ancient Ar-chitecture[J].Special Structures,2009,26(4):115-120.
[2]杨国兴,张立乾,孙崇华,等.夯土类平遥古城墙稳定性分析与评价研究[J].特种结构,2010,27(4):102-107.YANG Guo-xing,ZHANG Li-qian,SUN Chong-hua,et al.Stability Analysis and Evaluation about the Old Rampart Buil-ded with Tamped Soil in Pingyao[J].Special Structures,2010,27(4):102-107.
[3]张柯,吴敏哲,孟昭博,等.考虑接触非线性的西安明城墙稳定分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(9):2913-2918.ZHANG Ke,WU Ming-zhe,MENG Zhao-bo,et al.Stabilityanalysis of Xi'an city wall considering nonlinear contact[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(9):2913-2918.
[4]王旭东,石玉成,刘琨.夯土长城墙体掏蚀失稳机理研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(增刊):381-385.WANG Xu-dong,SHI Yu-cheng,LIU Kun.Research on Sap-ping Instablity Mechanism for Rammed Wall[J].Northwest-ern Seismological Journal,2011,33(Supp.):381-385.
[5]谢瑛,陈书丽,巩立亮.荥阳古城墙稳定性数值分析研究[J].山西建筑,2008,34(30):89-90.XIE Ying,CHEN Shu-li,GONG Li-liang.The stability of nu-merical analysis about ancient city wall in XingYang[J].SHANXI Anchitecture,2008,34(30):89-90.
[6]迟世春,关立军.应用强度折减有限元法分析土坡稳定的适应性[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(9):1298-1302.CHI Shi-chun,GUAN Li-jun.Soil constitutive relation forslope stability by finite element method with the discount shearstrength technology[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Tech-nology,2005,37(9):1298-1302.
[7]郑宏,田斌,刘德富,等.关于有限元边坡稳定性分析中安全系数的定义问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2225-2230.ZHENG Hong,TIAN Bin,LIU De-fu,et al.On definitionsof safety factor of slope stability analysis with finite elementmethod[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2005,24(13):2225-2230.
[8]吕庆,孙红月,尚岳全.强度折减有限元法中边坡失稳判据的研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2008,42(1):83-87.LüQing,SUN Hong-yue,SHANG Yue-quan.Slope failure criteria of shear strength reduction finite element method[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2008,42(1):83-87.
[9]魏汝龙,张凌.稳定分析中的强度指标问题[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(5):24-30.WEI Ru-long,ZHANG Ling.Strength paraments in stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1993,15(5):24-30.
[10]郑颖人,赵尚毅,张鲁渝.用有限元强度折减法进行边坡稳定分析[J].中国工程科学,2002,4(10):57-62.ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHANG Lu-yu.Slope stability analysis by strength reduction FEM[J].Engineering Science,2002,4(10):57-62.
[11]赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.极限分析有限元法讲座——Ⅱ有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判断探讨[J].岩土力学,2005,26(2):332-336.ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHANG Yu-fang.Study on slope failure criterion in strength reduction finite el-ement method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(2):332-336.
[12]张文革,席向东.平遥古城墙的稳定性分析[J].建筑结构,2009,39(3):110-112.ZHANG Wen-ge,XI Xiang-dong.Analysis and numerical calculations of stability on Pingyao ancient city wall[J].Jour-nal of Building Structures,2009,39(3):110-112.
[13]孔德刚,赵成江,程晓伟,等.地震遗址加固方法的探讨[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(增):352-356.KONG De-gang,ZHAO Cheng-jiang,CHENG Xiao-wei,et al.Discussion on Earthquake Ruins Reinforcement Method[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(Suppl.):352-356.
[14]杨庆华,姚令侃,邱燕玲,等.高烈度地震区岩土体边坡崩塌动力学特性研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(1):34-61.YANG Qing-hua,YAO Ling-kan,QIU Yan-ling,et al.Re-search on Dynamical Characteristics of Collapse of Rock and Soil Slope in High Seismic Intensity Areas[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(1):34-61.
[15]梁庆国,韩文峰.强震区岩体地震动力破坏特征[J].西北地震学报,2009,31(1):15-20.LINAG Qing-guo,LIU Gui-ying.Characteristics of Rock Mass Failue under Seismic Loads at Strong Earthquake Areas[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2009,31(1):15-20.
[2]杨国兴,张立乾,孙崇华,等.夯土类平遥古城墙稳定性分析与评价研究[J].特种结构,2010,27(4):102-107.YANG Guo-xing,ZHANG Li-qian,SUN Chong-hua,et al.Stability Analysis and Evaluation about the Old Rampart Buil-ded with Tamped Soil in Pingyao[J].Special Structures,2010,27(4):102-107.
[3]张柯,吴敏哲,孟昭博,等.考虑接触非线性的西安明城墙稳定分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(9):2913-2918.ZHANG Ke,WU Ming-zhe,MENG Zhao-bo,et al.Stabilityanalysis of Xi'an city wall considering nonlinear contact[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(9):2913-2918.
[4]王旭东,石玉成,刘琨.夯土长城墙体掏蚀失稳机理研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(增刊):381-385.WANG Xu-dong,SHI Yu-cheng,LIU Kun.Research on Sap-ping Instablity Mechanism for Rammed Wall[J].Northwest-ern Seismological Journal,2011,33(Supp.):381-385.
[5]谢瑛,陈书丽,巩立亮.荥阳古城墙稳定性数值分析研究[J].山西建筑,2008,34(30):89-90.XIE Ying,CHEN Shu-li,GONG Li-liang.The stability of nu-merical analysis about ancient city wall in XingYang[J].SHANXI Anchitecture,2008,34(30):89-90.
[6]迟世春,关立军.应用强度折减有限元法分析土坡稳定的适应性[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(9):1298-1302.CHI Shi-chun,GUAN Li-jun.Soil constitutive relation forslope stability by finite element method with the discount shearstrength technology[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Tech-nology,2005,37(9):1298-1302.
[7]郑宏,田斌,刘德富,等.关于有限元边坡稳定性分析中安全系数的定义问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2225-2230.ZHENG Hong,TIAN Bin,LIU De-fu,et al.On definitionsof safety factor of slope stability analysis with finite elementmethod[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2005,24(13):2225-2230.
[8]吕庆,孙红月,尚岳全.强度折减有限元法中边坡失稳判据的研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2008,42(1):83-87.LüQing,SUN Hong-yue,SHANG Yue-quan.Slope failure criteria of shear strength reduction finite element method[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2008,42(1):83-87.
[9]魏汝龙,张凌.稳定分析中的强度指标问题[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(5):24-30.WEI Ru-long,ZHANG Ling.Strength paraments in stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1993,15(5):24-30.
[10]郑颖人,赵尚毅,张鲁渝.用有限元强度折减法进行边坡稳定分析[J].中国工程科学,2002,4(10):57-62.ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHANG Lu-yu.Slope stability analysis by strength reduction FEM[J].Engineering Science,2002,4(10):57-62.
[11]赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.极限分析有限元法讲座——Ⅱ有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判断探讨[J].岩土力学,2005,26(2):332-336.ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHENG Ying-ren,ZHANG Yu-fang.Study on slope failure criterion in strength reduction finite el-ement method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(2):332-336.
[12]张文革,席向东.平遥古城墙的稳定性分析[J].建筑结构,2009,39(3):110-112.ZHANG Wen-ge,XI Xiang-dong.Analysis and numerical calculations of stability on Pingyao ancient city wall[J].Jour-nal of Building Structures,2009,39(3):110-112.
[13]孔德刚,赵成江,程晓伟,等.地震遗址加固方法的探讨[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(增):352-356.KONG De-gang,ZHAO Cheng-jiang,CHENG Xiao-wei,et al.Discussion on Earthquake Ruins Reinforcement Method[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(Suppl.):352-356.
[14]杨庆华,姚令侃,邱燕玲,等.高烈度地震区岩土体边坡崩塌动力学特性研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(1):34-61.YANG Qing-hua,YAO Ling-kan,QIU Yan-ling,et al.Re-search on Dynamical Characteristics of Collapse of Rock and Soil Slope in High Seismic Intensity Areas[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(1):34-61.
[15]梁庆国,韩文峰.强震区岩体地震动力破坏特征[J].西北地震学报,2009,31(1):15-20.LINAG Qing-guo,LIU Gui-ying.Characteristics of Rock Mass Failue under Seismic Loads at Strong Earthquake Areas[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2009,31(1):15-20.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心