基于遥感影像不透水层估算的震后城区损坏面积评估
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摘要
地震灾害评估对于抗震救灾具有重要的现实意义,传统的灾害评估方法大多基于震后实地的统计数据进行,在数据获取的现势性和灾害评估效率方面存在问题,针对这一不足,结合遥感数据的特点,提出了一种基于遥感不透水层估算的地震灾后城区损坏面积评估方法。该方法首先对地震前后玉树地区的两幅中分辨率遥感影像进行预处理,然后基于V-I-S模型,利用线性光谱混合分析方法,分别对地震前后震区遥感影像进行端元提取,获得不透水层的丰度图,最后通过计算地震前后不透水层像元个数,进行地震灾后城区损坏面积的评估。通过精度分析可以看出:该方法可以快速及时地获取城市区域建筑物、公路等重要地物的宏观损坏面积情况,为灾后重建和震后决策提供了一定的依据。
The assessment for earthquake disaster has important practical significance to the relief work,the traditional methods are mostly on the field statistic data after the earthquake,the shortness including the up to date state of the data acquiring and usually exists the efficiency of the disaster assessment.On account of this callback,and combined with the characteristics of the remote sensing data,this paper proposed an assessment method for post-earthquake urban damaged area based on the impervious surface estimate.Firstly,the two middle-resolution remote sensing images before and after the earthquake in the area of Yushu were preprocessed,and then a linear spectral mixture analysis method was used based on the VIS model,the endmembers of the remote sensing images before and after earthquake were extracted by respectively,and the abundance map of the impervious surface was obtained,finally,the earthquake disaster damage area assessment was evaluated by calculating the number of pixels of the impervious surface before and after the earthquake.The accuracy analysis indicated that the method was proposed this paper could obtain the macro situations of the damage area,includeing the urban buildings,important roads,etc.in quickly and timely,and provided a certain basis for post-earthquake reconstruction and decision.
The assessment for earthquake disaster has important practical significance to the relief work,the traditional methods are mostly on the field statistic data after the earthquake,the shortness including the up to date state of the data acquiring and usually exists the efficiency of the disaster assessment.On account of this callback,and combined with the characteristics of the remote sensing data,this paper proposed an assessment method for post-earthquake urban damaged area based on the impervious surface estimate.Firstly,the two middle-resolution remote sensing images before and after the earthquake in the area of Yushu were preprocessed,and then a linear spectral mixture analysis method was used based on the VIS model,the endmembers of the remote sensing images before and after earthquake were extracted by respectively,and the abundance map of the impervious surface was obtained,finally,the earthquake disaster damage area assessment was evaluated by calculating the number of pixels of the impervious surface before and after the earthquake.The accuracy analysis indicated that the method was proposed this paper could obtain the macro situations of the damage area,includeing the urban buildings,important roads,etc.in quickly and timely,and provided a certain basis for post-earthquake reconstruction and decision.
引文
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[14]Ridd M K.Exploring a V-I-S(Vegetation Impervious Sur-facesoil)Model for Urban Ecosystem Through Remote Sens-ing Comparative Anatomy for Cities[J].International Journalof Remote Sensing,1995,16(12):2165-2185.
[2]Yin Zhiqian.Basic Framework of Urban Earthquake Risk A-nalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibra-tion,1999,19(1):70-75.[尹之潜.城市地震危害性分析的基本框架和方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(1):70-75.]
[3]Lu Cheng,Sun Jianyan.A Survey on Remote Sensing Tech-nology in Post-earthquake Damage Assessment[J].Journal ofZhongzhou University,2011,28(1):114-117.[陆程,孙建延.基于遥感技术进行震害评估的研究进展[J].中州大学学报,2011,28(1):114-117.]
[4]Zhou Ji,Chen Yunhao,Zhang Jinshui,et al.An Analysis ofthe City Temperature Abnormal Area based on TM Data[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2007(3):13-27.[周纪,陈云浩,张锦水,等.北京城市不透水层覆盖度遥感估算[J].国土资源遥感,2007,(3):13-27.]
[5]Xia Junshi,Du Peijun,Pang Yunfeng,et al.Urban ImperviousSurface Area Extraction and Analysis based on HyperspectralRemote Sensing Image[J].Journal of China University ofMining&Technology,2011,40(4):660-666.[夏俊士,杜培军,逄云峰,等.基于高光谱数据的城市不透水层提取与分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(4):660-666.]
[6]Jin Jing,Wang Bin,Zhang Liming.Estimating Urban Impervi-ous Surface Distribution by Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis[J].Journal of Fudan University(Natural Science),2010,49(2):197-208.[金晶,王斌,张立明.基于线性光谱混合分析的城市不透水层分布估算[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2010,49(2):197-208.]
[7]Zhang Daowei,Guo Huadong,Sun Zhongchang.EstimationSurface Characteristic Parameters in the Megacities and Re-search on Their Effects towards the Urban Heat Environment[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2012,27(1):51-57.[张道卫,郭华东,孙中昶.超大城市地表特征参数估算及其对城市热环境的影响研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2012,27(1):51-57.]
[8]Xia J S,Du P J,Cao W.Urban Impervious Surface Extractionfrom Remote Sensing Image based on Nonlinear Spectral Mix-ture Model[J].Aata Photonica Sinica,2011,40(1):13-18.
[9]Qin Jun,Cao Yungang,Geng Juan.Evaluation Model forDamage Extent of Roads in Wenchuan Earthquake-strickenAreas based on Remote Sensing Information[J].Journal ofSouthwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(5):768-774.[秦军,曹云刚,耿娟.汶川地震灾区道路损毁度遥感评估模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(5):768-774.]
[10]Yan Shiyong.Remote Sensing Application in the Geologic Dis-aster Evaluation of Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of He-bei University of Engineering(Natural Science Edition),2009,26(1):76-80.[闫世勇.遥感在汶川地震地质灾害评估中的应用[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2009,26(1):76-80.]
[11]Hu Baorong,Yang Wunian,Liu Hanhu,et al.A Research onthe Ecological Environment Remote Sensing EvaluationMethod Before and After Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Soil andWater Conservation in China,2009,(3):52-54.[胡宝荣,杨武年,刘汉湖,等.汶川地震前后震区生态环境遥感评价方法研究[J].中国水土保持,2009,(3):52-54.]
[12]Jia Kejing,Xu Xiaoli,He Chunyang,et al.Evaluation on theLoss of Natural Ecosystems in Yushu after the Earthquakeand the Land Use Planning[J].China Land Science,2010,24(5):47-52.[贾克敬,徐小黎,何春阳,等.玉树地震灾后自然生态系统损失评估与土地利用规划[J].中国土地科学,2010,24(5):47-52.]
[13]Ma Yongshuang,Ma Yinsheng,Hu Daogong,et al.Investiga-tion and Research on the Surface Rupture of the YushuEarthquake and Reconstruction Site Selection[J].Acta GeoloGica Sinica,2010,84(5):593-605.[马永双,马寅生,胡道功,等.玉树地震地表破裂调查与灾后重建避让选址研究[J].地质学报,2010,84(5):593-605.]
[14]Ridd M K.Exploring a V-I-S(Vegetation Impervious Sur-facesoil)Model for Urban Ecosystem Through Remote Sens-ing Comparative Anatomy for Cities[J].International Journalof Remote Sensing,1995,16(12):2165-2185.
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