小波多尺度边缘检测及其在裂缝预测中的应用
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摘要
本文在阐明二维小波变换用于地震属性数据基本原理的基础上,建立了小波变换用于图像多尺度边缘检测的有效流程。根据地震层位数据形成的二维图像的特点,构造有效的小波基函数和尺度函数,提高图像边缘检测和图像分割的精度。为了提高运算效率,对算法和小波滤波器进行了优化设计,并将该方法应用于研究裂缝的分布,为油气储层预测提供依据。通过对研究区实际资料的处理并与阈值检测法及Sobel检测法对比,表明该方法是有效和可行的。
On the basis of expounding the basic principle using 2-D wavelet transform for seismic attributes data,the paper built up the effective flow used for multi-scale edge detection of image. According to the characters of 2-D image formed by seismic horizons data,the effective basic function and scale function of wavelet ware constructed, which improved the precision of image edge detection and image partition. In order to improve the computational efficiency,the optimum designs of algorithm and wavelet filter were implemented and application of the method to study the distribution of fracture, providing foundation for the prediction of oil/ gas reserve. It is proved by the processing of real data in studied areas and in comparison with threshold method and Sobel method that the method is effectiveness and feasibility.
On the basis of expounding the basic principle using 2-D wavelet transform for seismic attributes data,the paper built up the effective flow used for multi-scale edge detection of image. According to the characters of 2-D image formed by seismic horizons data,the effective basic function and scale function of wavelet ware constructed, which improved the precision of image edge detection and image partition. In order to improve the computational efficiency,the optimum designs of algorithm and wavelet filter were implemented and application of the method to study the distribution of fracture, providing foundation for the prediction of oil/ gas reserve. It is proved by the processing of real data in studied areas and in comparison with threshold method and Sobel method that the method is effectiveness and feasibility.
引文
[1] Mallat S G. A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition : The wavelet representation. IEEE Trans on PAMI, 1989,11(7) :927-938
[2] Grossman A and Morlet J. Decomposition of Hardy functions into square integrable wavelets of constant shape. SIAM J Math,1984,15:723-736
[3] Mallat S and Zhong S. Characterization of signals from multiscale edges. IEEE Trans On PAMI, 1992,14(7):710-720
[4] Antonini M and Barlaud M. Image coding using wavelet transform. IEEE Trans On Image Processing, 1992,1(2):205-220
[5] Qiu B and Hartley M G. Real-world image segmentation using edge detection and subtraction. Electronics Letters, 1990,26(6) :353-355
[6]何光明,高如曾．用小波分析提高地震资料的分辨率． 石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):257-263
[7] 张根昌等．小波分析技术在地震信号噪声处理中的应 用．矿业,2003,12(1):89-92
[8] 姜弢等．地震信号去噪的小波方法研究．哈尔滨工程 大学,2002,23(4):86-90
[9] 邱庚香等．应用小波变换提高浅层地震记录分辨率． 桂林工学院学报,2003,23(2)
[10]石玉梅,谢桂生．断层检测中的小波分析法．中国煤田 地质,2000,12(3):52-56
[11] 王西文等．基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究．地 球物理学报,2002,45(6):847-852
[12] 刘峡,张学民．小波变换与地震信号特征分析．地震, 2002,22(3):51-57,159-163
[13] 唐向宏,贺振华．图像边缘检测方法在薄地层识别中 的应用．石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):163-165
[14] 黄捍东等．利用多尺度边缘检测研究碳酸盐岩裂缝分 布．物探化探计算技术,2000,22(1):21-25
[2] Grossman A and Morlet J. Decomposition of Hardy functions into square integrable wavelets of constant shape. SIAM J Math,1984,15:723-736
[3] Mallat S and Zhong S. Characterization of signals from multiscale edges. IEEE Trans On PAMI, 1992,14(7):710-720
[4] Antonini M and Barlaud M. Image coding using wavelet transform. IEEE Trans On Image Processing, 1992,1(2):205-220
[5] Qiu B and Hartley M G. Real-world image segmentation using edge detection and subtraction. Electronics Letters, 1990,26(6) :353-355
[6]何光明,高如曾．用小波分析提高地震资料的分辨率． 石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):257-263
[7] 张根昌等．小波分析技术在地震信号噪声处理中的应 用．矿业,2003,12(1):89-92
[8] 姜弢等．地震信号去噪的小波方法研究．哈尔滨工程 大学,2002,23(4):86-90
[9] 邱庚香等．应用小波变换提高浅层地震记录分辨率． 桂林工学院学报,2003,23(2)
[10]石玉梅,谢桂生．断层检测中的小波分析法．中国煤田 地质,2000,12(3):52-56
[11] 王西文等．基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究．地 球物理学报,2002,45(6):847-852
[12] 刘峡,张学民．小波变换与地震信号特征分析．地震, 2002,22(3):51-57,159-163
[13] 唐向宏,贺振华．图像边缘检测方法在薄地层识别中 的应用．石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):163-165
[14] 黄捍东等．利用多尺度边缘检测研究碳酸盐岩裂缝分 布．物探化探计算技术,2000,22(1):21-25
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