塔中地区中下奥陶统鹰山组表生岩溶分布特征及主控因素
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摘要
塔中地区中下奥陶统鹰山组主要经历加里东中期—海西早期多期构造运动,形成多个不整合面,发育多期表生岩溶,目前对影响鹰山组多期岩溶分布特征的主控因素的分析不够深入。为此,在鹰山组古地貌岩溶层识别与对比的基础上,对岩溶分布的影响因素进行分析,总结其主控因素。研究区中下奥陶统为稳定的台地沉积,利用残余厚度等时间图恢复鹰山组岩溶古地貌,并划分为岩溶高地、岩溶斜坡和岩溶盆地3个地貌单元。通过对塔里木盆地表生岩溶洞穴层发育深度的分析,将研究区表生岩溶发育深度定为不整合面以下180 m内。综合应用钻井、岩心、测井和地震等资料识别岩溶层,在岩溶层对比分析的基础上研究发现,3个岩溶台面对应发育3个岩溶层,并且岩溶层主要发育在岩溶斜坡上,影响表生岩溶分布特征的主控因素为岩性和构造。
The multi-phase supergene karst have developed with multi-plane of unconformity in Tazhong area of the Lower-Middle Ordovician Yingshan Formation that mainly went through the middle Caledonian-early Hercynian tectonic movements,but the dominated factors affecting the distribution characteristics of supergene karst were not analyzed deeply enough at the moment. In the study area the Lower-Middle Ordovician is a set of stable platform deposition. The karst palaeogeomorphology of the Yingshan Formation was recovered using isochronous residual thickness and was divided into three geomorphic units as karst highland,karst slope and karst basin. Combining with the cave-depth analysis of the supergene karst in Tarim,the depth of supergene karst in the study area is within 180 meters below the unconformity. Karst layers were identified through integrating drilling,core,log and seismic data. It is found that 3 karst platform surfaces are corresponding to 3 karst layers based on the karst layer comparative analysis in the study area,and the karst layers mainly developed in the karst slopes. The main factors affecting karst distribution are lithologic and structure.
引文
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