中国大陆及邻区板内应力场的数值模拟及动力机制探讨
|
摘要
中国大陆位于欧亚板块的东南部,受到印度板块、太平洋板块和菲律宾海板块的碰撞挤压与俯冲作用,其构造应力场形态和动力学机制相当复杂.本文采用伪三维有限元方法,以世界应力图2008年版本数据(WSM2008)的应力方向和应力型两类指标作为主要约束,对中国大陆及邻区的动力驱动机制进行数值模拟,给出了中国大陆周边地区板块边界力的大小和方向估计.同时对3个典型情况的数值模型进行了分析.结果显示,软流层静压推力对该区域构造应力场影响相对较小,板块边界力作用则起主导作用;印度板块在喜马拉雅造山带对欧亚板块的碰撞控制了中国大陆地区应力场的基本形态,是形成川滇地区走滑型地震为主的重要原因;琉球海沟—南海海槽俯冲带边界力显示了挤压-张性的分段特性,贝加尔裂谷表现为拉张作用.进一步的分析表明,中国大陆大部分区域内最大水平剪应力分布图像与该地区地震辐射能量密度的分布存在较好的空间正相关性.
Located in the southeast of Eurasian plate,China mainland is subject to collision,extrusion and subduction of Indian plate,Pacific plate and Philippine Sea plate,so the tectonic stress field there and its dynamical mechanism are very complex.Using a pseudo 3D finite element method and with the orientation and regime indicators from World Stress Map 2008(WSM2008) database as principal constraints,this paper numerically simulated driving forces on China mainland and adjacent areas,and estimated the magnitude and direction of plate boundary forces.We analyzed three typical models.The results show that the asthenospheric static push forces have small influence on the tectonic stress field,while the plate boundary forces play a significant role.The collision of Indian plate with Eurasian plate in the Himalayan orogenic belt controls the basic pattern of stress field in China mainland,and is an important cause of lots of strike-slip earthquakes in Sichuan--Yunnan region.The boundary forces of Ryukyu Trench--Nankai Trough subduction zone display push-to-pull segmental feature.Baikal rift is under the action of pull force.Further analysis reveals that in most areas of China mainland the distribution of maximum horizontal shear stress shows a good positive spatial correlation with the radiated seismic energy density in this region.
Located in the southeast of Eurasian plate,China mainland is subject to collision,extrusion and subduction of Indian plate,Pacific plate and Philippine Sea plate,so the tectonic stress field there and its dynamical mechanism are very complex.Using a pseudo 3D finite element method and with the orientation and regime indicators from World Stress Map 2008(WSM2008) database as principal constraints,this paper numerically simulated driving forces on China mainland and adjacent areas,and estimated the magnitude and direction of plate boundary forces.We analyzed three typical models.The results show that the asthenospheric static push forces have small influence on the tectonic stress field,while the plate boundary forces play a significant role.The collision of Indian plate with Eurasian plate in the Himalayan orogenic belt controls the basic pattern of stress field in China mainland,and is an important cause of lots of strike-slip earthquakes in Sichuan--Yunnan region.The boundary forces of Ryukyu Trench--Nankai Trough subduction zone display push-to-pull segmental feature.Baikal rift is under the action of pull force.Further analysis reveals that in most areas of China mainland the distribution of maximum horizontal shear stress shows a good positive spatial correlation with the radiated seismic energy density in this region.
引文
陈颙.1988.地壳岩石的力学性能:理论基础与试验方法[M].北京:地震出版社:14--16.
邓起东,张裕明,徐桂林,范福田.1979.中国构造应力场特征及其与板块运动的关系[J].地震地质,1(1):11--22.
冯向东,魏东平,陈棋福.2005.基于观测应力场的大华北地区动力学机制探讨[J].地震学报,27(1):110--119.
冯向东,刘卫华,魏东平.2006.印度—澳大利亚板块应力场数值模拟及其动力学分析[J].地质力学学报,12(4):429--440.
傅容珊,黄建华,徐耀民,李力刚,常筱华.2000.印度与欧亚板块碰撞的数值模拟和现代中国大陆形变[J].地震学报,22(1):1--7.
皇甫海泉,魏东平.2010.冲绳板块应力场数值模拟及其动力学分析[J].地震学报,32(5):529--543.
江为为,刘少华,郝天珧,宋海斌.2002.应用重力资料估算东海冲绳海槽地壳厚度[J].地球物理学进展,17(1):35-41.
焦明若,张国民,车时,刘杰.1999.中国大陆及其周边地区构造应力场的数值计算及其在地震活动性解释上的应用[J].地震学报,21(2):123--132.
李廷栋.2010.中国岩石圈的基本特征[J].地学前缘,17(3):1--13.
梁海华,侯建军,刘树文,常祖峰,阎志梅.1999.中国构造应力场与大震复发周期关系的数值模拟[J].地震地质,21(1):51--57.
汪素云,陈培善.1980.中国及邻区现代构造应力场的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,23(1):35--45.
汪素云,许忠淮,俞言样,张琳.1996.中国及其邻区周围板块作用力的研究[J].地球物理学报,39(6):764--771.
魏东平.2000.软流层静压推力及其板块动力学意义[J].地质力学学报,6(1):4--14.
魏东平,左如斌,濑野徹三．２００１．全球观测应力场应力取向数据的加权统计分析[J]．中国科学技术大学学报，31(1):50--56.
谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,陈群策,李宏.2004.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,47(4):654-662.
徐纪人,赵志新.2006.中国岩石圈应力场与构造运动区域特征[J].中国地质,33(4):782--792.
徐纪人,赵志新,石川有三.2008.中国大陆地壳应力场与构造运动区域特征研究[J].地球物理学报,51(3):770--781.
许忠淮,汪素云,俞言祥.1992.根据观测的应力方向利用有限单元方法反演板块边界作用力[J].地震学报,14(4):446--455.
许忠淮,吴少武.1997.南黄海和东海地区现代构造应力场特征的研究[J].地球物理学报,40(6):773--781.
胥颐,刘建华,郝天珧,刘劲松,李志伟.2006.中国东部海域及邻区岩石层地幔的P波速度结构与构造分析[J].地球物理学报,49(4):1053--1061.
臧绍先,宁杰远.2002.菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块的相互作用及其对东亚构造运动的影响[J].地球物理学报,45(2):188--197.
章纯.2007.中国东部地区地震活动与构造应力场关系的有限元数值模拟[J].西北地震学报,29(3):230--235.
张东宁,许忠淮.1994.青藏高原现代构造应力状态及构造运动的三维弹粘性数值模拟[J].中国地震,10(2):136-143.
张东宁,许忠淮.1999.中国大陆岩石层动力学数值模型的边界条件[J].地震学报,21(2):133--139.
朱守彪,石耀霖.2006.中国大陆及邻区构造应力场成因的研究[J].中国科学:D辑,36(12):1077--1083.
An M,Shi Y.2006.Lithospheric thickness of the Chinese continent[J].Phys Earth Planet Interi,159(3--4):257--266.
Bassin C,Laske G,Masters G.2000.The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America[J].EOS Trans AGU,81:F897.
Bird P.2003.An updated digital model of plate boundaries[J].Geochem Geophys Geosyst,4(3):1027,doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
Bird P,Liu Z,Rucker W K.2008.Stresses that drive the plates from below:Definitions,computational path,modeloptimization,and error analysis[J].J Geophys Res,113(B11406):32,doi:10.1029/2007JB005460.
Choy G L,Boatwright J L.1995.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].J Geophys Res,100(B9):18205--18218,18228.
Cloetingh S,Wortel R.1986.Stress in the Indo-Australian plate[J].Tectonophysics,132(1--3):49--67.
Coblentz D D,Richardson R M.1995.Statistical trends in the intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,100(B10):20245--20220,20255.
Coblentz D D,Richardson R M.1996.Analysis of the South American intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,101(B4):8643--8657.
Coblentz D D,Zhou S,Hills R R,Richardson R M,Sandiford M.1998.Topography,boundary forces and the IndoAustralian intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,103(B1):919--932.
Conrad C,Lithgow-Bertelloni C.2006.Influence of continental roots and asthenosphere on plate-mantle coupling[J].Geophys Res Lett,33(5).
Copley A,Avouac J P,Royer J Y.2010.India-Asia collision and the Cenozoic slowdown of the Indian plate:Implicationsfor the forces driving plate motions[J].J Geophys Res B:Solid Earth,115(B03410):14,doi.10.1029/2009JB006634.
DeMets C,Gordon R G,Argus D F.2010.Geologically current plate motions[J].Geophys J Int,181(1):1--80.
Flesch L M,Haines A J,William E H.2001.Dynamics of the India-Eurasia collision zone[J].J Geophys Res,106(B8):16435--16460.
Forsyth D,Uyeda S.1975.On the relative importance of the driving forces of plate motion[J].Geophys J R astr Soc,43(1):163--200.
Gripp A E,Gordon R G.1990.Current plate velocities relative to the hotspots incorporating the NUVEL1global platemotion model[J].Geophys Res Lett,17(8):1109--1112.
Gripp A E,Gordon R G.2002.Young tracks of hotspots and current plate velocities[J].Geophys J Int,150(2):321--361.
Gutenberg B,Richter C F.1956.Earthquake magnitude,intensity,energy,and acceleration(Second paper)[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,46(2):105--145.
Hanks T C,Kanamori H.1979.A moment magnitude scale[J].J Geophys Res,84(B5):2348--2350.
Kincaid C,Silver P.1996.The role of viscous dissipation in the orogenic process[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,142(3--4):271--288.
Kubo A,Fukuyama E.2003.Stress field along the Ryukyu Arc and the Okinawa Trough inferred from moment tensorsof shallow earthquakes[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,210:305--316.
Li S,Mooney W D,Fan J.2006.Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data[J].Tectonophysics,420(1--2):239--252.
Lithgow-Bertelloni C,Guynn J H.2004.Origin of the lithospheric stress field[J].J Geophys Res,109(B01408):32,doi:10.1029/2003JB0062467.
McKenzie D.1967.Some remarks on heat flow and gravity anomalies[J].J Geopys Res,72(24):6261--6273.
Müller R D,Sdrolias M,Gaina C,Roest W R.2008.Age,spreading rates,and spreading asymmetry of the world’socean crust[J].Geochem Geophys Geosyst,9(Q04006),doi:10.1029/2007GC001743.
Pacanovsky K M,Davis D M,Richardson R M,Coblentz D.1999.Intraplate stresses and plate-driving forces in thePhilippine Sea Plate[J].J Geophys Res,104(B1):1095--1110.
Reynolds S D,Coblentz D D,Richard R H.2002.Tectonic forces controlling the regional intraplate stress field in continental Australia:Results from new finite element modeling[J].J Geophys Res,107(2131):15,doi:10.1029/2001JB000408.
Richardson R M,Solomon S C,Sleep N H.1979.Tectonic stress in the plates[J].Rev Geophys,17(5):981--1019.
Saito A.1995.DifferentialStressFieldsintheNazcaandSouthAmericanPlates:Two Dimensional Modeling Takinginto Account the Plate and Crustal Structure Variations and Plate Driving Forces[D].Tokyo:Earthquake ResearchInstitute of University of Tokyo:1--52.
Stein C A,Stein S.1992.A model for the global variation in oceanic depth and heat flow with lithospheric age[J].Nature,359:123--129.
Wei D P.1997.Pseudo-3-D Spherical Modeling of the Intraplate Sresses of the Eurasian Plate:Implications to PlateDynamics[D].Tokyo:Earthquake Research Institute of University of Tokyo:1--45.
Zhao S,Müller R D.2003.Three-dimensional finite-element modeling of the tectonic stress field in continental Australia[J].Geol Soc of Aus Spec Publ,372:71--89.
Zoback M L,Zoback M D,Adams J,Assumpcao M,Bell S,Bergman E A,Blumling P,Brereton N R,Denham D,DingJ,Fuchs K,Gay N,Gregersen S,Gupta H K,Gvishiani A,Jacob K,Klein R,Knoll P,Magee M,Mercier J L,Muller B C,Paquin C,Rajendran K,Stephansson O,Suarez G,Suter M,Udias A,Xu Z H,Zhizhin M.1989.Global patterns of tectonic stress[J].Nature,341:291--298.
Zoback M L,Magee M.1991.Stress magnitudes in the crust:Constraints from stress orientation and relative magnitudedata[J].Phil Trans R Soc Lond A:Physical and Engineering Sciences,337(1645):181--194.
Zoback M L.1992.First-and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere:The World Stress Map Project[J].JGeophys Res,97(B8):11703--11728.
邓起东,张裕明,徐桂林,范福田.1979.中国构造应力场特征及其与板块运动的关系[J].地震地质,1(1):11--22.
冯向东,魏东平,陈棋福.2005.基于观测应力场的大华北地区动力学机制探讨[J].地震学报,27(1):110--119.
冯向东,刘卫华,魏东平.2006.印度—澳大利亚板块应力场数值模拟及其动力学分析[J].地质力学学报,12(4):429--440.
傅容珊,黄建华,徐耀民,李力刚,常筱华.2000.印度与欧亚板块碰撞的数值模拟和现代中国大陆形变[J].地震学报,22(1):1--7.
皇甫海泉,魏东平.2010.冲绳板块应力场数值模拟及其动力学分析[J].地震学报,32(5):529--543.
江为为,刘少华,郝天珧,宋海斌.2002.应用重力资料估算东海冲绳海槽地壳厚度[J].地球物理学进展,17(1):35-41.
焦明若,张国民,车时,刘杰.1999.中国大陆及其周边地区构造应力场的数值计算及其在地震活动性解释上的应用[J].地震学报,21(2):123--132.
李廷栋.2010.中国岩石圈的基本特征[J].地学前缘,17(3):1--13.
梁海华,侯建军,刘树文,常祖峰,阎志梅.1999.中国构造应力场与大震复发周期关系的数值模拟[J].地震地质,21(1):51--57.
汪素云,陈培善.1980.中国及邻区现代构造应力场的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,23(1):35--45.
汪素云,许忠淮,俞言样,张琳.1996.中国及其邻区周围板块作用力的研究[J].地球物理学报,39(6):764--771.
魏东平.2000.软流层静压推力及其板块动力学意义[J].地质力学学报,6(1):4--14.
魏东平,左如斌,濑野徹三．２００１．全球观测应力场应力取向数据的加权统计分析[J]．中国科学技术大学学报，31(1):50--56.
谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,陈群策,李宏.2004.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,47(4):654-662.
徐纪人,赵志新.2006.中国岩石圈应力场与构造运动区域特征[J].中国地质,33(4):782--792.
徐纪人,赵志新,石川有三.2008.中国大陆地壳应力场与构造运动区域特征研究[J].地球物理学报,51(3):770--781.
许忠淮,汪素云,俞言祥.1992.根据观测的应力方向利用有限单元方法反演板块边界作用力[J].地震学报,14(4):446--455.
许忠淮,吴少武.1997.南黄海和东海地区现代构造应力场特征的研究[J].地球物理学报,40(6):773--781.
胥颐,刘建华,郝天珧,刘劲松,李志伟.2006.中国东部海域及邻区岩石层地幔的P波速度结构与构造分析[J].地球物理学报,49(4):1053--1061.
臧绍先,宁杰远.2002.菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块的相互作用及其对东亚构造运动的影响[J].地球物理学报,45(2):188--197.
章纯.2007.中国东部地区地震活动与构造应力场关系的有限元数值模拟[J].西北地震学报,29(3):230--235.
张东宁,许忠淮.1994.青藏高原现代构造应力状态及构造运动的三维弹粘性数值模拟[J].中国地震,10(2):136-143.
张东宁,许忠淮.1999.中国大陆岩石层动力学数值模型的边界条件[J].地震学报,21(2):133--139.
朱守彪,石耀霖.2006.中国大陆及邻区构造应力场成因的研究[J].中国科学:D辑,36(12):1077--1083.
An M,Shi Y.2006.Lithospheric thickness of the Chinese continent[J].Phys Earth Planet Interi,159(3--4):257--266.
Bassin C,Laske G,Masters G.2000.The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America[J].EOS Trans AGU,81:F897.
Bird P.2003.An updated digital model of plate boundaries[J].Geochem Geophys Geosyst,4(3):1027,doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
Bird P,Liu Z,Rucker W K.2008.Stresses that drive the plates from below:Definitions,computational path,modeloptimization,and error analysis[J].J Geophys Res,113(B11406):32,doi:10.1029/2007JB005460.
Choy G L,Boatwright J L.1995.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].J Geophys Res,100(B9):18205--18218,18228.
Cloetingh S,Wortel R.1986.Stress in the Indo-Australian plate[J].Tectonophysics,132(1--3):49--67.
Coblentz D D,Richardson R M.1995.Statistical trends in the intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,100(B10):20245--20220,20255.
Coblentz D D,Richardson R M.1996.Analysis of the South American intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,101(B4):8643--8657.
Coblentz D D,Zhou S,Hills R R,Richardson R M,Sandiford M.1998.Topography,boundary forces and the IndoAustralian intraplate stress field[J].J Geophys Res,103(B1):919--932.
Conrad C,Lithgow-Bertelloni C.2006.Influence of continental roots and asthenosphere on plate-mantle coupling[J].Geophys Res Lett,33(5).
Copley A,Avouac J P,Royer J Y.2010.India-Asia collision and the Cenozoic slowdown of the Indian plate:Implicationsfor the forces driving plate motions[J].J Geophys Res B:Solid Earth,115(B03410):14,doi.10.1029/2009JB006634.
DeMets C,Gordon R G,Argus D F.2010.Geologically current plate motions[J].Geophys J Int,181(1):1--80.
Flesch L M,Haines A J,William E H.2001.Dynamics of the India-Eurasia collision zone[J].J Geophys Res,106(B8):16435--16460.
Forsyth D,Uyeda S.1975.On the relative importance of the driving forces of plate motion[J].Geophys J R astr Soc,43(1):163--200.
Gripp A E,Gordon R G.1990.Current plate velocities relative to the hotspots incorporating the NUVEL1global platemotion model[J].Geophys Res Lett,17(8):1109--1112.
Gripp A E,Gordon R G.2002.Young tracks of hotspots and current plate velocities[J].Geophys J Int,150(2):321--361.
Gutenberg B,Richter C F.1956.Earthquake magnitude,intensity,energy,and acceleration(Second paper)[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,46(2):105--145.
Hanks T C,Kanamori H.1979.A moment magnitude scale[J].J Geophys Res,84(B5):2348--2350.
Kincaid C,Silver P.1996.The role of viscous dissipation in the orogenic process[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,142(3--4):271--288.
Kubo A,Fukuyama E.2003.Stress field along the Ryukyu Arc and the Okinawa Trough inferred from moment tensorsof shallow earthquakes[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,210:305--316.
Li S,Mooney W D,Fan J.2006.Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data[J].Tectonophysics,420(1--2):239--252.
Lithgow-Bertelloni C,Guynn J H.2004.Origin of the lithospheric stress field[J].J Geophys Res,109(B01408):32,doi:10.1029/2003JB0062467.
McKenzie D.1967.Some remarks on heat flow and gravity anomalies[J].J Geopys Res,72(24):6261--6273.
Müller R D,Sdrolias M,Gaina C,Roest W R.2008.Age,spreading rates,and spreading asymmetry of the world’socean crust[J].Geochem Geophys Geosyst,9(Q04006),doi:10.1029/2007GC001743.
Pacanovsky K M,Davis D M,Richardson R M,Coblentz D.1999.Intraplate stresses and plate-driving forces in thePhilippine Sea Plate[J].J Geophys Res,104(B1):1095--1110.
Reynolds S D,Coblentz D D,Richard R H.2002.Tectonic forces controlling the regional intraplate stress field in continental Australia:Results from new finite element modeling[J].J Geophys Res,107(2131):15,doi:10.1029/2001JB000408.
Richardson R M,Solomon S C,Sleep N H.1979.Tectonic stress in the plates[J].Rev Geophys,17(5):981--1019.
Saito A.1995.DifferentialStressFieldsintheNazcaandSouthAmericanPlates:Two Dimensional Modeling Takinginto Account the Plate and Crustal Structure Variations and Plate Driving Forces[D].Tokyo:Earthquake ResearchInstitute of University of Tokyo:1--52.
Stein C A,Stein S.1992.A model for the global variation in oceanic depth and heat flow with lithospheric age[J].Nature,359:123--129.
Wei D P.1997.Pseudo-3-D Spherical Modeling of the Intraplate Sresses of the Eurasian Plate:Implications to PlateDynamics[D].Tokyo:Earthquake Research Institute of University of Tokyo:1--45.
Zhao S,Müller R D.2003.Three-dimensional finite-element modeling of the tectonic stress field in continental Australia[J].Geol Soc of Aus Spec Publ,372:71--89.
Zoback M L,Zoback M D,Adams J,Assumpcao M,Bell S,Bergman E A,Blumling P,Brereton N R,Denham D,DingJ,Fuchs K,Gay N,Gregersen S,Gupta H K,Gvishiani A,Jacob K,Klein R,Knoll P,Magee M,Mercier J L,Muller B C,Paquin C,Rajendran K,Stephansson O,Suarez G,Suter M,Udias A,Xu Z H,Zhizhin M.1989.Global patterns of tectonic stress[J].Nature,341:291--298.
Zoback M L,Magee M.1991.Stress magnitudes in the crust:Constraints from stress orientation and relative magnitudedata[J].Phil Trans R Soc Lond A:Physical and Engineering Sciences,337(1645):181--194.
Zoback M L.1992.First-and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere:The World Stress Map Project[J].JGeophys Res,97(B8):11703--11728.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心