岩性油气藏关键技术攻关与应用研究——以准噶尔盆地准东阜11井区为例
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摘要
随着准噶尔盆地腹部及准东地区勘探程度不断提高,勘探对象也变得复杂,已往古凸起上的断块和低幅度背斜为主的勘探目标变得越来越少,勘探目标转向斜坡区和深凹陷的岩性油气藏成为必然趋势,此类油气藏的主要特点是:圈闭幅度较低,砂层厚度较小,横向变化快,地震识别、落实评价困难.本文针对地质难点,以准噶尔盆地准东阜11井区岩性油气藏为研究对象,逐步形成准噶尔盆地岩性油气藏勘探方法、应用效果体系;在具体工作中利用地质、地震、测井相结合的综合研究方法,分析了准东阜11井区岩性油气藏特征,建立了岩性油气藏勘探理论和方法,开发和自研出了一套适合准噶尔盆地碎屑岩岩性圈闭识别与评价的技术系列,主要包括精细的井震标定技术、精细的全三维自动追踪技术、断裂识别技术、动态构造演化分析技术、沉积微相分析技术、储层预测技术、流体预测技术及有利目标区块选择评价技术;利用此技术系列对准东地区阜11井区侏罗系三工河组(J1s)发育的岩性圈闭进行了综合预测,识别了三个可供钻探的断层-岩性圈闭,其沉积微相为扇三角洲前缘的席状砂,圈闭面积在1.75km2～6.1km2之间,砂岩厚度在10m～25m之间,油气检测处于有利位置,累计圈闭面积达12.39km2,从而扩大了该区岩性圈闭识别的数量和精度,为岩性油气藏的勘探、开发提供了有力的技术支撑.
With the continuous improvement in exploration in hinterland and east of Junggar basin,it is more difficult to find the phenotype structure trap.In the situation of exploration targets having become more complicated,the oil and gas exploration transform from the structural reservoir exploration to the lithologic reservoir exploration,for the previous exploration targets based on fault block in the ancient uplift and low-amplitude anticline are becoming ever less,it is an inevitable trend of exploration targets turning to lithologic reservoirs on the slope and deep depression.The characteristics of this kind of oil and gas reservoirs are low amplitude of traps,small thickness of sand layer,rapid change in horizontal and difficult to distinguish and evaluate for seismic data.However,for the geological difficulties,we taking the lithologic reservoir of well Fu11 block in eastern Junggar Basin for the research object,combining geological,seismic and logging to analyse the lithologic reservoir characteristics of well Fu11 area,study the exploration theories,methods and the effectiveness for lithologic reservoir of this area.Then,we select many kinds of targeted geophysical technology and develop a series of technologies to identify and evaluate the clastic rock lithologic traps for Junggar basin,which include the technology of proper calibration by well and sesimic data,automatic tracking with full 3-D,fracture automatic detection,analysis of dynamic evolution of structure,analysis of sedimentary microfacies,reservoir prediction,and detection of fluid and evaluation the favorable goal.Finally,applying these technologies to predict lithologic traps of Sangonghe formation(J1s) in FU11 well area in eastern Junggar basin,eventually we found three traps of lithologic and fault-lithologic which can be drilled.The sedimentary microfacie of these traps is the sand of mat shape in front of delta,trap area between 1.75 km2 and 6.1 km2,and the thickness of sand is about 25m to 35m.It is the most important that these traps are all located in the favorable positions by hydrocarbon detection.The total areas of these traps is 12.39 km2.And then,we evaluate and select a number of wells in these favorable lithologic traps.As it has been proved that these technologies is effective and practical by real drilling,it improves the quantity and precision of lithologic traps identification and provides a powerful technical support for lithologic reservoir exploration and development.
With the continuous improvement in exploration in hinterland and east of Junggar basin,it is more difficult to find the phenotype structure trap.In the situation of exploration targets having become more complicated,the oil and gas exploration transform from the structural reservoir exploration to the lithologic reservoir exploration,for the previous exploration targets based on fault block in the ancient uplift and low-amplitude anticline are becoming ever less,it is an inevitable trend of exploration targets turning to lithologic reservoirs on the slope and deep depression.The characteristics of this kind of oil and gas reservoirs are low amplitude of traps,small thickness of sand layer,rapid change in horizontal and difficult to distinguish and evaluate for seismic data.However,for the geological difficulties,we taking the lithologic reservoir of well Fu11 block in eastern Junggar Basin for the research object,combining geological,seismic and logging to analyse the lithologic reservoir characteristics of well Fu11 area,study the exploration theories,methods and the effectiveness for lithologic reservoir of this area.Then,we select many kinds of targeted geophysical technology and develop a series of technologies to identify and evaluate the clastic rock lithologic traps for Junggar basin,which include the technology of proper calibration by well and sesimic data,automatic tracking with full 3-D,fracture automatic detection,analysis of dynamic evolution of structure,analysis of sedimentary microfacies,reservoir prediction,and detection of fluid and evaluation the favorable goal.Finally,applying these technologies to predict lithologic traps of Sangonghe formation(J1s) in FU11 well area in eastern Junggar basin,eventually we found three traps of lithologic and fault-lithologic which can be drilled.The sedimentary microfacie of these traps is the sand of mat shape in front of delta,trap area between 1.75 km2 and 6.1 km2,and the thickness of sand is about 25m to 35m.It is the most important that these traps are all located in the favorable positions by hydrocarbon detection.The total areas of these traps is 12.39 km2.And then,we evaluate and select a number of wells in these favorable lithologic traps.As it has been proved that these technologies is effective and practical by real drilling,it improves the quantity and precision of lithologic traps identification and provides a powerful technical support for lithologic reservoir exploration and development.
引文
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[7]张江华林承焰等地震地质精细预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):206-212.Zhang Xian-guo,Lin Cheng-yan,etc.Using well and seismicmulti-scale information integration to predict shallow lithologygas reservoir in mature oilfield[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2009,44(5):609-612.
[8]胡少华郭波林东城等.方正断陷方3井区三维地震资料构造精细解释及储层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探2010,45(6):908-913.Hu Shao-hua,Guo Bo1,Lin Dong-cheng,etc.3Dseismic datafine structural interpretation and reservoir prediction in Fang-3Well Block,Fangzheng Rift[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(6):908-913.
[9]陈永波潘建国许多年,等准噶尔盆地西北缘火山岩储层的综合地球物理预测[J].石油物探,2010,49(4):364-372.Chen Yong-bo,Pan Jian-guo,Xu Duo-nian,etc.Integratedgeophysical prediction of volcanic reservoir in Northwesternmargin area of Junggar Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2010,49(4):364-372.
[10]张进铎.地震解释技术现状及发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2006.21(2);578-587.Zhang Jin-duo.Present status and future trend of seismicdata interpretation techniques[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006.21(2);578-587.
[11]黄捍东张如伟赵迪等地震反演与属性耦合检测薄层含气砂岩[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):185-189.Huang Handong,Zhang Ruwei,Zhao di,etc.Detection gassandstone in Thin layer by Seismic inversion and Attributecoupling[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(2):185-189.
[12]张延玲肖高杰地层岩性油气藏地震属性的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展.2010,25(4):1332-1338.Zhang Yanling,Xiao Gaojie.research and application ofseismic attribute in layer-Lithological reservoirs[J].Progressin Geophysics,2010,25(4):1332-1338.
[13]苗广文,刘聪,王典,等.波阻抗反演在吉林探区煤层特征分析及储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010.26(5);1788-1795.Miao Guang-wen,Liu Cong,Wang Dian,etc.application ofwave impedance inversion in reservoir prediction and analysisof characteristics of the coal in Jilin exploration area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010.26(5);1788-1795.
[14]路鹏飞,郭爱华,杨长春,等.砂泥岩薄互层波阻抗模拟退火反演方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011.26(5):1676-1682.Lu Peng-fei,Guo Ai-hua,Yang Chang-chun,etc.Researchof Wave impedance simulated annealing inversion in Thininterbed of sand and shale[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011.26(5):1676-1682.
[15]张爱印,李学文,董守华.测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004.19(3):433-536.Zhang Ai-yin,Li Xue-wen,Dong Shou-hua.Application oflogging constrained inversion to the 3-D seismic lithologicalexploration in coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004.19(3):433-536.
[16]喻岳钰,杨长春,王彦飞,等.叠前弹性阻抗反演及其在含气储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009.24(2):574-580.Yu Yue-yu,Yang Chang-chun,Wang Yan-fei,etc.Application of prestack elastic impedance inversion to predictthe gas reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009.24(2):574-580.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明,等.应用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong H L,Wang Z Q,Li L M,etal.Predicting carbonatereservoir by applying seismics Pectralde compositiontechnique[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]吕公河,于常青,董宁.叠后地震属性分析在油气田勘探开发中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006.21(1);161-166.Lv Gong-he,Yu Chang-qin,Dong Ning.The application ofpost-stack seismic attribute analysis in the oil-gas explorationand development[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006.21(1);161-166.
[19]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao G J,Yang C C,Fan X B,etal.Application of spetraldecomposition method channel identify ingat W area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
[20]王童奎,赵宝银,付兴深,等.南堡凹陷奥陶系潜山精细构造解释和储层预测综合研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):548-554.Wang T K,Zhao B Y,Fu X S,etal.A comprehensive study ofthe refined structural interpretation and reservoir predictionin the Ordovcician burial hill in the Napu Sag[J].Progress inGeophysics,2010,25(2):548-554.
[21]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.ActiveX技术在三维地震资料可视化中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007.22(3):826-830.Lu Peng-fei,Yang Chang-chun,Guo Ai-hua.Application ofActiveX technique in 3D seismic data visualization[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007.22(3):826-830.
[22]苏明军,王西文,何亨华,等.柴达木盆地三湖地区北斜坡.岩性地层气藏形成的地质条件与预测技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1190-1198.Su M J,Wang X W,He H H,etal.The lithologic andstratigarphic gas reservoir in the north slope of the sanhuarea,Qaidam basin:a study on their genetic conditions andcharacterization techniques[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(4):1190-1198.
[23]陈洁.潮汕坳陷地球物理特征及油气勘探潜力[J].地球物理学进展,2007.22(1):147-155.Chen Jie.Geophysical characteristics of the Chaoshandepression and its hydrocarbon exploration potential[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007.22(1):147-155.
[2]胡见义等,非构造油气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社.1986.Hu Jianyi.etc.Non-structural reservoirs[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1986.
[3]高瑞祺等.渤海湾盆地隐蔽油气藏勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社.2001.Gao Ruiqi.etc.Hidden reservoir exploration in Bohai bay basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001.
[4]蔡希源等.陆相盆地高精度层序地层学-隐蔽油气藏勘探基础、方法与实践[M].北京:地质出版社.2003.Cai Xiyuan.etc.continental High precision of sequencestratigraphy-Basis,methods and practice of Hidden reservoirexploration[M].Beijing:geological Press,2003.
[5]陈永波雍学善刘化清沉积体系域控制下的岩性油气藏预测方法研究及应用[J],岩性油气藏2007,19(2):62-66.CHEN Yong-bo;YONG Xue-shan;LIU Hua-qing.Theresearch and application of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirsprediction in sedimentary system tract[J].LithologicReservoirs,2007,19(2):62-66.
[6]刘长利,朱筱敏,胡有山,等.地震沉积学在识别陆相湖泊浊积砂体中的应用[J].吉林大学学报,2011,41(3):657-663.Liu Chang-li,Zhu Xiao-min,Hu You-shan,etc.Application ofSeismic Sedimentology on Lacustrine Turbidite DepositionIndetification[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth ScienceEdition),2011,41(3):657-663.
[7]张江华林承焰等地震地质精细预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):206-212.Zhang Xian-guo,Lin Cheng-yan,etc.Using well and seismicmulti-scale information integration to predict shallow lithologygas reservoir in mature oilfield[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2009,44(5):609-612.
[8]胡少华郭波林东城等.方正断陷方3井区三维地震资料构造精细解释及储层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探2010,45(6):908-913.Hu Shao-hua,Guo Bo1,Lin Dong-cheng,etc.3Dseismic datafine structural interpretation and reservoir prediction in Fang-3Well Block,Fangzheng Rift[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(6):908-913.
[9]陈永波潘建国许多年,等准噶尔盆地西北缘火山岩储层的综合地球物理预测[J].石油物探,2010,49(4):364-372.Chen Yong-bo,Pan Jian-guo,Xu Duo-nian,etc.Integratedgeophysical prediction of volcanic reservoir in Northwesternmargin area of Junggar Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2010,49(4):364-372.
[10]张进铎.地震解释技术现状及发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2006.21(2);578-587.Zhang Jin-duo.Present status and future trend of seismicdata interpretation techniques[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006.21(2);578-587.
[11]黄捍东张如伟赵迪等地震反演与属性耦合检测薄层含气砂岩[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):185-189.Huang Handong,Zhang Ruwei,Zhao di,etc.Detection gassandstone in Thin layer by Seismic inversion and Attributecoupling[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(2):185-189.
[12]张延玲肖高杰地层岩性油气藏地震属性的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展.2010,25(4):1332-1338.Zhang Yanling,Xiao Gaojie.research and application ofseismic attribute in layer-Lithological reservoirs[J].Progressin Geophysics,2010,25(4):1332-1338.
[13]苗广文,刘聪,王典,等.波阻抗反演在吉林探区煤层特征分析及储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010.26(5);1788-1795.Miao Guang-wen,Liu Cong,Wang Dian,etc.application ofwave impedance inversion in reservoir prediction and analysisof characteristics of the coal in Jilin exploration area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010.26(5);1788-1795.
[14]路鹏飞,郭爱华,杨长春,等.砂泥岩薄互层波阻抗模拟退火反演方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011.26(5):1676-1682.Lu Peng-fei,Guo Ai-hua,Yang Chang-chun,etc.Researchof Wave impedance simulated annealing inversion in Thininterbed of sand and shale[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011.26(5):1676-1682.
[15]张爱印,李学文,董守华.测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004.19(3):433-536.Zhang Ai-yin,Li Xue-wen,Dong Shou-hua.Application oflogging constrained inversion to the 3-D seismic lithologicalexploration in coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004.19(3):433-536.
[16]喻岳钰,杨长春,王彦飞,等.叠前弹性阻抗反演及其在含气储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009.24(2):574-580.Yu Yue-yu,Yang Chang-chun,Wang Yan-fei,etc.Application of prestack elastic impedance inversion to predictthe gas reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009.24(2):574-580.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明,等.应用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong H L,Wang Z Q,Li L M,etal.Predicting carbonatereservoir by applying seismics Pectralde compositiontechnique[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]吕公河,于常青,董宁.叠后地震属性分析在油气田勘探开发中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006.21(1);161-166.Lv Gong-he,Yu Chang-qin,Dong Ning.The application ofpost-stack seismic attribute analysis in the oil-gas explorationand development[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006.21(1);161-166.
[19]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao G J,Yang C C,Fan X B,etal.Application of spetraldecomposition method channel identify ingat W area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
[20]王童奎,赵宝银,付兴深,等.南堡凹陷奥陶系潜山精细构造解释和储层预测综合研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):548-554.Wang T K,Zhao B Y,Fu X S,etal.A comprehensive study ofthe refined structural interpretation and reservoir predictionin the Ordovcician burial hill in the Napu Sag[J].Progress inGeophysics,2010,25(2):548-554.
[21]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.ActiveX技术在三维地震资料可视化中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007.22(3):826-830.Lu Peng-fei,Yang Chang-chun,Guo Ai-hua.Application ofActiveX technique in 3D seismic data visualization[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007.22(3):826-830.
[22]苏明军,王西文,何亨华,等.柴达木盆地三湖地区北斜坡.岩性地层气藏形成的地质条件与预测技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1190-1198.Su M J,Wang X W,He H H,etal.The lithologic andstratigarphic gas reservoir in the north slope of the sanhuarea,Qaidam basin:a study on their genetic conditions andcharacterization techniques[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(4):1190-1198.
[23]陈洁.潮汕坳陷地球物理特征及油气勘探潜力[J].地球物理学进展,2007.22(1):147-155.Chen Jie.Geophysical characteristics of the Chaoshandepression and its hydrocarbon exploration potential[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007.22(1):147-155.
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