基于谱分析的谱峰数预测薄互层砂岩厚度
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摘要
通过陷频分析,在讨论单层厚度地震谱特征基础上,针对利用多层地层的地震谱方法预测厚度这一难题,在研究各类多层模型的谱特征后,总结出砂岩厚度、岩性与地震谱谱极值大小变化规律,并以此分析方法为依据,研究了利用谱峰数预测砂岩厚度的方法.
hrough the pitfall frequency analysis and on the basis of discussing the seismic spectrum of monolayer thickness,the problem that using the multilayered stratigraphic seismic sopectrum method to predict the thickness,concludes sandstone thickness,lithology and the variation of extreme of the sesimic spectrum after researching multilayer model spectral characteristics,and based on this method,it forecasts sandstone thickness by peak numbers.In the method,first established the quantitative calculation equation of sandstone thickness,lithology and the different extreme of seismic amplitude spectrum,threshold value and the corresponding peak number of spectrum.Through the equation,the threshold value,the selection of windows and the ploblem of variable window spectrum calculation has been resolved,and results in the formation of sandstone thickness calculated formulation.By the calculation of validating the thickness and the thickness of the analysis,the average relative error and average absolute errors are respectively 0.12 and 2.42,which proves that this method results in a relatively good effect.
hrough the pitfall frequency analysis and on the basis of discussing the seismic spectrum of monolayer thickness,the problem that using the multilayered stratigraphic seismic sopectrum method to predict the thickness,concludes sandstone thickness,lithology and the variation of extreme of the sesimic spectrum after researching multilayer model spectral characteristics,and based on this method,it forecasts sandstone thickness by peak numbers.In the method,first established the quantitative calculation equation of sandstone thickness,lithology and the different extreme of seismic amplitude spectrum,threshold value and the corresponding peak number of spectrum.Through the equation,the threshold value,the selection of windows and the ploblem of variable window spectrum calculation has been resolved,and results in the formation of sandstone thickness calculated formulation.By the calculation of validating the thickness and the thickness of the analysis,the average relative error and average absolute errors are respectively 0.12 and 2.42,which proves that this method results in a relatively good effect.
引文
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[18]章雪松,桂志先,曾婷,等.基于分形截距特征多尺度图像边缘检测技术及应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(4):475-479.Zhang X S,Gui Z X,Zeng T,et al.Application of multi-scale image edge detection based on fractal intercept feature[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,7(4):475-479.
[19]刘宏,蔡正旗,谭秀成,等.川东高陡构造薄层碳酸盐岩裂缝性储集层预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(4):431-436.Liu H,Cai Z Q,Tan X C,et al.Forecasting of fracturereservoirs in thin carbonate rocks of precipitous structurebelt,East Sichuan[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment(in Chinese),2008,35(4):431-436.
[20]师永民,祁军,张成学,等.应用地震波形分析技术预测裂缝的方法探讨[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):128-130.Shi Y M,Qi J,Zhang C X,et al.Fracture prediction byseismic waveform analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum(in Chinese),2005,44(2):128-130.
[2]田丰,王晋国,王明祥.基于分形理论的地震数据分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2008,28(2):108-110.Tian F,Wang J G,Wang M X.Treatment of seismic datumbased on fractal theory[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)(in Chinese),2008,28(2):108-110.
[3]李庆谋,刘少华.地球物理信号能量(密度)多维分形及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):24-30.Li Q M,Liu S H.Multi fractal and application of geophysicaldata[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2001,16(1):24-30.
[4]罗小明,牛滨华.地震道的奇性检测与提高分辨率[J].物探与化探,2004,28(4):300-302.Luo X M,Niu B H.The detection of singularity and theimprovement of seismic trace resolution[J].Geophysical andGeochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2004,28(4):300-302.
[5]孙霞,吴自勤,黄畇.分形原理及其应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2003.Sun X,Wu Z Q,Huang Y.Fractal Theory and Application[M](in Chinese).Hefei:China University of Science andTechnology Press,2003.
[6]蒋爱平,王祁.基于多重相关方差的X线头影片的多重分形分析[J].传感技术学报,2007,20(1):123-127.Jiang A P,Wang Q.Multifractal analysis of x-raycephalogram based on multi-correlation variance[J]ChineseJournal of Sensors and Actuators(in Chinese),2007,20(1):123-127.
[7]Liu H H,Molz F J.Multifractal analyses of hydraulic conductivitydistributions[J].Water Resources Res.,1997,33(11):2483-2488.
[8]Pilkington M,Todoeschuck J P.Fractal magnetization of continentalcrust[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1993,20(7):627-630.
[9]王兴建,曹俊兴,李学民,等.基于分形理论的地震裂缝检测方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):191-195.Wang X J,Cao J X,Li X M,et al.Seismic fracture detectionbased on fractal theory[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum(in Chinese),2003,42(2):191-195.
[10]钟森.反射地震记录的多尺度边缘检测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(1):61-65.Zhong S.Multiscale boundary detection of reflectionseismogram[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1998,33(1):61-65.
[11]安金坤,田斌,易克初,等.OFDM信号的多重分形谱特征盲识别算法[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(7):50-55.An J K,Tian B,Yi K C,et al.Blind identification algorithmof OFDM signals based on multifractal features[J].Journalof East China University of Science and Technology(NaturalScience Edition)(in Chinese),2011,39(7):50-55.
[12]罗强,任庆利,杨万海.基于分形理论的图像边缘提取方法[J].通讯学报,2011,22(11):104-109.Luo Q,Ren Q L,Yang W H.A method of the image edgeextraction based on fractal theory[J].Journal of ChinaInstitute of Communications(in Chinese),2011,22(11):104-109.
[13]黄捍东,胡光岷,贺振华,等.利用多尺度边缘检测研究碳酸盐岩裂缝分布[J].物探化探计算技术,2000,22(1):21-25.Huang H D,Hu G M,He Z H,et al.Carbonate fractureresearch using multi-scale boundary detection method[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration(in Chinese),2000,22(1):21-25.
[14]王兴建,曹俊兴,李学民.多尺度分形参数在裂缝检测中的应用研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2004,26(4):299-301.Wang X J,Cao J X,Li X M.Application research of multi-scale fractal parameters to fracture detecting[J].ComputingTechniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(inChinese),2004,26(4):299-301.
[15]潘晓博.多重分形在杂波跟踪中的应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2008,4(9):2986-2988.Pan X B.Clutter tracking algorithm based on multifractalapproach[J].Computer Knowledge and Technology,2008,4(9):2986-2988.
[16]方崇惠,郭生练,段亚辉,等.应用分形理论划分洪水分期的两种新途径[J].科学通报,2009,54(11):1613-1617.Fang C H,Guo S L,Duan Y H,et al.Two new approachesto dividing flood sub-seasons in flood season using the fractaltheory[J].Chinese Sci.Bull.,2010,55(1):105-110.
[17]杨威,贺振华,陈学华.结构方位滤波在体曲率属性中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):27-32.Yang W H,He Z H,Chen X H.Application of structure-oriented filtering to volumetric curvature calculation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2011,50(1):27-32.
[18]章雪松,桂志先,曾婷,等.基于分形截距特征多尺度图像边缘检测技术及应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(4):475-479.Zhang X S,Gui Z X,Zeng T,et al.Application of multi-scale image edge detection based on fractal intercept feature[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,7(4):475-479.
[19]刘宏,蔡正旗,谭秀成,等.川东高陡构造薄层碳酸盐岩裂缝性储集层预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(4):431-436.Liu H,Cai Z Q,Tan X C,et al.Forecasting of fracturereservoirs in thin carbonate rocks of precipitous structurebelt,East Sichuan[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment(in Chinese),2008,35(4):431-436.
[20]师永民,祁军,张成学,等.应用地震波形分析技术预测裂缝的方法探讨[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):128-130.Shi Y M,Qi J,Zhang C X,et al.Fracture prediction byseismic waveform analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum(in Chinese),2005,44(2):128-130.
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