震源参数对强地面震动模拟结果的影响
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摘要
基于运动学震源模型,进行了不同震源参数情形下强地面震动数值模拟.结果表明,不同的破裂过程会产生差别甚大的强地面运动分布,一次确定性震源参数的模拟结果不能作为活动断层地震危害性评价的指标,只有通过大量三维地震动场模拟计算,给出地面震动评估的统计结果,才是比较合理的发展方向.由于一次三维地震动场计算耗时很大,因此解决问题的关键是如何考虑合理的震源参数.
Based on the kinematic source model,strong ground motion is simulated in this paper with various kinds of source parameters. The results show that different rupture mode will generate very different distribution of strong ground motion;the result obtained with a definite set of source parameters can not be regarded as a criterion for earthquake hazard assessment on active fault. The reasonable method is to gain a statistic result from large numbers of simulation of 3-D ground motions. Because of computation cost for one simulation,the key problem would be how to determine source parameters reasonably.
Based on the kinematic source model,strong ground motion is simulated in this paper with various kinds of source parameters. The results show that different rupture mode will generate very different distribution of strong ground motion;the result obtained with a definite set of source parameters can not be regarded as a criterion for earthquake hazard assessment on active fault. The reasonable method is to gain a statistic result from large numbers of simulation of 3-D ground motions. Because of computation cost for one simulation,the key problem would be how to determine source parameters reasonably.
引文
丁海平,刘启方,黄勇,金星.2004.三维地震动场数值模拟并行计算系统[J].地震工程与工程振动,24(2):19-22.
丁海平,刘启方,金星.2006.长周期地震动三维有限元数值模拟方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,26(5):27-31.
刘启方,袁一凡,金星.2004.断层附近地震动空间分布[J].地震学报,26(2):183-192.
李小军,廖振鹏,杜修力.1992.有阻尼体系动力问题的一种显式差分解法[J].地震工程与工程振动,12(4):74-80.
廖振鹏.2002.工程波动理论导引[M].第二版.北京:科学出版社:190-213.
Aki K.1968.Seismic displacement near a fault[J].J Geophys Res,73:5359-5376.
Aagaard B,Hall J,Heaton T.2001.Characterization of near-source ground motions with earthquake si mulations[J].Earthquake Spectra,17(2):177-207.
Abrahamson N A.2000.Near-fault ground motions fromthe1999Chi-Chi earthquake[C]∥Proc of US-Japan Work-shop on the Effects of Near-Field Earthquake Shaking.San Francisco,California,20-21March2000.
Boore D M.1983.Stochastic si mulation of high-frequency ground motions based on seismological models of the radiatedspectra[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,73:1865-1894.
Inoue T,Miyatake T.1998.3-D si mulation of near-field strong ground motion:Based on dynamic modeling[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,88:428-440.
Irikura K,Miyake H.2006.Recipe for predicting strong ground motions:The state of the art andfuture prospects[C]∥Proceedings ofthe8th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.April18-22,2006,San Francisco,California,USA.Paper No.744.
Mavroeidis G P,Papageorgiou A S.2002.Near-source strong ground motion:Characteristics and design issues[C]∥Proc ofthe Seventh U S National Conf on Earthquake Engineering(7NCEE).Boston,Massachusetts,21-25July2002.
Mavroeidis G P,Papageorgiou A S.2003.A mathematical representation of near-fault ground motions[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,93:1099-1131.
Oglesby D D,Archuleta R J,Nielsen S B.1998.Earthquakes on dipping faults:The effects of broken symmetry[J].Science,280:1055-1059.
Somerville P,Irikura K,Graves R,Sawada S,Wald D,Abrahamson N,Iwasaki Y,Kagawa T,Smith N,Kowada A.1999.Characterizing crustal earthquake slip models for the prediction of strong ground motion[J].Seism Res Lett,70(1):59-80.
Somerville P G,Smith NF,Graves R W,Abrahamson N A.1997.Modification of empirical strong ground motion atten-uation relations toinclude the amplitude and duration effects of rupture directivity[J].SeismRes Lett,68:199-222.
Irikura K,Kudo K,Okada H,Sasatani T.1998.The effects of surface geology on seismic motion:Recent progress andnew horizon on ESGstudy[C]∥Proceedings of the Second International Symposium.A A Balkema,Rotterdam:91-136.
Wells D L,Coppersmith KJ.1994.Newempirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rup-ture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,84(4):974-1002.
丁海平,刘启方,金星.2006.长周期地震动三维有限元数值模拟方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,26(5):27-31.
刘启方,袁一凡,金星.2004.断层附近地震动空间分布[J].地震学报,26(2):183-192.
李小军,廖振鹏,杜修力.1992.有阻尼体系动力问题的一种显式差分解法[J].地震工程与工程振动,12(4):74-80.
廖振鹏.2002.工程波动理论导引[M].第二版.北京:科学出版社:190-213.
Aki K.1968.Seismic displacement near a fault[J].J Geophys Res,73:5359-5376.
Aagaard B,Hall J,Heaton T.2001.Characterization of near-source ground motions with earthquake si mulations[J].Earthquake Spectra,17(2):177-207.
Abrahamson N A.2000.Near-fault ground motions fromthe1999Chi-Chi earthquake[C]∥Proc of US-Japan Work-shop on the Effects of Near-Field Earthquake Shaking.San Francisco,California,20-21March2000.
Boore D M.1983.Stochastic si mulation of high-frequency ground motions based on seismological models of the radiatedspectra[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,73:1865-1894.
Inoue T,Miyatake T.1998.3-D si mulation of near-field strong ground motion:Based on dynamic modeling[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,88:428-440.
Irikura K,Miyake H.2006.Recipe for predicting strong ground motions:The state of the art andfuture prospects[C]∥Proceedings ofthe8th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.April18-22,2006,San Francisco,California,USA.Paper No.744.
Mavroeidis G P,Papageorgiou A S.2002.Near-source strong ground motion:Characteristics and design issues[C]∥Proc ofthe Seventh U S National Conf on Earthquake Engineering(7NCEE).Boston,Massachusetts,21-25July2002.
Mavroeidis G P,Papageorgiou A S.2003.A mathematical representation of near-fault ground motions[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,93:1099-1131.
Oglesby D D,Archuleta R J,Nielsen S B.1998.Earthquakes on dipping faults:The effects of broken symmetry[J].Science,280:1055-1059.
Somerville P,Irikura K,Graves R,Sawada S,Wald D,Abrahamson N,Iwasaki Y,Kagawa T,Smith N,Kowada A.1999.Characterizing crustal earthquake slip models for the prediction of strong ground motion[J].Seism Res Lett,70(1):59-80.
Somerville P G,Smith NF,Graves R W,Abrahamson N A.1997.Modification of empirical strong ground motion atten-uation relations toinclude the amplitude and duration effects of rupture directivity[J].SeismRes Lett,68:199-222.
Irikura K,Kudo K,Okada H,Sasatani T.1998.The effects of surface geology on seismic motion:Recent progress andnew horizon on ESGstudy[C]∥Proceedings of the Second International Symposium.A A Balkema,Rotterdam:91-136.
Wells D L,Coppersmith KJ.1994.Newempirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rup-ture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,84(4):974-1002.
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