夏帝发七年“泰山震”的解读
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摘要
概述了对今本《竹书纪年》夏帝发"七年,陟。泰山震"这条记载的各种见解和涉及的今本《竹书纪年》的争鸣等;分析了这条史料的关键字"陟"、"震"在古文中的字义和在《竹书纪年》中的特定含义,结合夏商周断代工程研究成果等,认为对夏帝发"七年,陟。泰山震"的确切解读是:夏帝发于在位的第七年(约公元前1652年)崩亡;这一年泰山发生地震或受到地震的影响,地震发生的时间比此前推算的公元前1831年推后了179年,但无法确定这次地震的震中位置和震级。
In the modern text of "Bamboo Annals",there is a historical record which reads:"In the 7th year,Zhi.Taishan Zhen".In this paper,an overview of several interpretations and discussions about this record has been presented.The meanings of the keywords "Zhi" and "Zhen" in ancient prose and their specific meanings in the modern text of "Bamboo Annals" have been analyzed.In combination with the result of "Xia Shang Zhou Chronology Project",it is concluded that the accurate interpretation of this record is:"Emperor Fah passed away in the 7th year of his reign (about 1652 BC) during the Xia Dynasty.In the same year,Taishan was hit by an earthquake,or was affected by an earthquake." Thus,the earthquake occurred 179 years later than previously thought (1831 BC),though its epicenter and magnitude can not be determined.
In the modern text of "Bamboo Annals",there is a historical record which reads:"In the 7th year,Zhi.Taishan Zhen".In this paper,an overview of several interpretations and discussions about this record has been presented.The meanings of the keywords "Zhi" and "Zhen" in ancient prose and their specific meanings in the modern text of "Bamboo Annals" have been analyzed.In combination with the result of "Xia Shang Zhou Chronology Project",it is concluded that the accurate interpretation of this record is:"Emperor Fah passed away in the 7th year of his reign (about 1652 BC) during the Xia Dynasty.In the same year,Taishan was hit by an earthquake,or was affected by an earthquake." Thus,the earthquake occurred 179 years later than previously thought (1831 BC),though its epicenter and magnitude can not be determined.
引文
[1]王国维.今本竹书纪年疏证.王国维遗书:第八册.上海:上海书店,1982
[2]《地震问答》编写组.地震问答.北京:地质出版社,1977
[3]李善邦.中国地震.北京:地质出版社,1981:1-2;170
[4]山东省地震史料编辑室.山东省地震史料汇编(公元前1831年—公元1949年).北京:地震出版社,1983:3-4
[5]顾功叙主编.中国地震目录(公元前1831年—公元1969年).北京:科学出版社,1983:1
[6]谢毓寿,蔡美彪.中国地震历史资料汇编(第一卷).北京:科学出版社,1983
[7]高继宗.夏发七年“泰山地震”考.国际地震动态,2008(11):134
[8]杨朝明.《今本竹书纪年》并非伪书说.齐鲁学刊,1997(6):52-58
[9]陈力.今本《竹书纪年》研究.四川大学学报丛刊,第28辑,1985
[10]方诗铭.《竹书纪年》古本散佚及今本源流考.纪念顾颉刚先生学术论文集:下册.成都:巴蜀书社,1990
[11]张富祥.今本《竹书纪年》纂辑考.文史哲,2007(2):22-46
[12]夏商周断代工程专家组.夏商周断代工程1996—2000年阶段成果报告.北京:世界图书出版公司北京公司,2000:74-83
[2]《地震问答》编写组.地震问答.北京:地质出版社,1977
[3]李善邦.中国地震.北京:地质出版社,1981:1-2;170
[4]山东省地震史料编辑室.山东省地震史料汇编(公元前1831年—公元1949年).北京:地震出版社,1983:3-4
[5]顾功叙主编.中国地震目录(公元前1831年—公元1969年).北京:科学出版社,1983:1
[6]谢毓寿,蔡美彪.中国地震历史资料汇编(第一卷).北京:科学出版社,1983
[7]高继宗.夏发七年“泰山地震”考.国际地震动态,2008(11):134
[8]杨朝明.《今本竹书纪年》并非伪书说.齐鲁学刊,1997(6):52-58
[9]陈力.今本《竹书纪年》研究.四川大学学报丛刊,第28辑,1985
[10]方诗铭.《竹书纪年》古本散佚及今本源流考.纪念顾颉刚先生学术论文集:下册.成都:巴蜀书社,1990
[11]张富祥.今本《竹书纪年》纂辑考.文史哲,2007(2):22-46
[12]夏商周断代工程专家组.夏商周断代工程1996—2000年阶段成果报告.北京:世界图书出版公司北京公司,2000:74-83
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