基于混叠震源和频率组编码的频率域自适应全波形反演(英文)
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摘要
全波形反演是一种高精度的地震成像方法,可以对地下介质物性参数模型进行准确的重构。然而在实际应用中,尤其是在三维复杂介质反演中,计算成本太大是该方法的一个重要缺陷。将混叠震源技术引入到频率域全波形反演中可以大幅度地降低计算成本,提高反演效率。但是使用震源编码技术也带来了两个问题:一方面,参与编码的各个震源之间会产生"串扰噪声",导致反演结果中出现假象;另一方面,基于震源编码的频率域全波形反演方法周围噪声较为敏感,使该方法对含噪数据反演质量较差。本文引入一种频率组编码方法来压制"串扰噪声",并基于震源编码技术提出一种频率域自适应全波形反演方法,通过一个与频率相关的自适应选择机制,将常规频率域全波形反演方法和基于震源编码的全波形反演方法联合起来,在保证反演质量的同时也最大程度地提高了反演效率。
As a high quality seismic imaging method, full waveform inversion (FWI) can accurately reconstruct the physical parameter model for the subsurface medium. However, application of the FWI in seismic data processing is computationally expensive, especially for the three-dimension complex medium inversion. Introducing blended source technology into the frequency-domain FWI can greatly reduce the computational burden and improve the efficiency of the inversion. However, this method has two issues: first, crosstalk noise is caused by interference between the sources involved in the encoding, resulting in an inversion result with some artifacts; second, it is more sensitive to ambient noise compared to conventional FWI, therefore noisy data results in a poor inversion. This paper introduces a frequency-group encoding method to suppress crosstalk noise, and presents a frequency- domain auto-adapting FWI based on source-encoding technology. The conventional FWI method and source-encoding based FWI method are combined using an auto-adapting mechanism. This improvement can both guarantee the quality of the inversion result and maximize the inversion efficiency.
As a high quality seismic imaging method, full waveform inversion (FWI) can accurately reconstruct the physical parameter model for the subsurface medium. However, application of the FWI in seismic data processing is computationally expensive, especially for the three-dimension complex medium inversion. Introducing blended source technology into the frequency-domain FWI can greatly reduce the computational burden and improve the efficiency of the inversion. However, this method has two issues: first, crosstalk noise is caused by interference between the sources involved in the encoding, resulting in an inversion result with some artifacts; second, it is more sensitive to ambient noise compared to conventional FWI, therefore noisy data results in a poor inversion. This paper introduces a frequency-group encoding method to suppress crosstalk noise, and presents a frequency- domain auto-adapting FWI based on source-encoding technology. The conventional FWI method and source-encoding based FWI method are combined using an auto-adapting mechanism. This improvement can both guarantee the quality of the inversion result and maximize the inversion efficiency.
引文
Ben-Hadj-Ali,H.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2008,Velocity model building by 3D frequency-domain,full-waveform inversion of wide-aperture seismic data:Geophysics,73(5),VE101– VE117.
Ben-Hadj-Ali,H.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2009,Three-dimensional frequency-domain full waveform inversionwith phase encoding: 79thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2288– 2292.
Ben-Hadj-Ali,H.,and Operto,S.,2011,An efficientfrequency-domain full waveform inversion method usingsimultaneous encoded sources: Geophysics,76(4),R109– R124.
Berkhout,A.J.,Blacquiere,G.,and Verschuur,D.J.,2009,The concept of double blending: Combining incoherentshooting with incoherent sensing: Geophysics,74(4),A59– A62.
Berkhout,A.J.,and Blacquiere,G.,2011,BlendedAcquisition with Dispersed Source Arrays,the NextStep in Seismic Acquisition: 81stAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,16– 19.
Blacquiere,G.,and Berkhout,A.J.,2011,Doubleillumination in blended acquisition: 81thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,11– 15.
Boonyairiwat,C.,and Schuster,G.T.,2010,3DMultisource full-waveform inversion using dynamicrandom phase encoding: 80thAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1044– 1049.
Brossier,R.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2009,Seismicimaging of complex onshore structures by 2D elasticfrequency-domain full-waveform inversion: Geophysics,74(6),WCC105– WCC118.
Brossier,R.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2010,Which dataresidual norm for robust elastic frequency-domain fullwaveform inversion: Geophysics,75(3),R37– R46.
Diaz,E.,and Guitton,A.,2011,Fast full waveform inversionwith random shot decimation: 81thAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2804– 2808.
Godwin,J.,and Sava,P.,2010,Blended source imaging by amplitude encoding: 80thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3125– 3129.
Godwin,J.,and Sava,P.,2011,A comparison of shot-encoding schemes for wave-equation migration: 81stAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts32– 36.
Hustedt,B.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2004,Mixed-grid and staggered-grid finite-difference methods forfrequency-domain acoustic wave modelling: GeophysicalJournal International,157(3),1269– 1296.
Hu,J.,Wang,X.,and Wang,H.,2011,Frequency groupingcoding scheme for blended source imaging: 81thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3404–3408.
Ikelle,L.,2007,Coding and decoding: seismic datamodeling,acquisition and processing: 77thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,66–70.
Krebs,J.R.,Anderson,J.,Hinkley,D.,Neelamani,R.,Lee,S.,Baumstein,A.,and Lacasse,M.,2009,Fast full-wavefield seismic inversion using encoded sources:Geophysics,74(6),WCC177– WCC188.
Lailly,P.,1983,The seismic inverse problem as a sequenceof before stack migration: Conference on InverseScattering,Theory and Application,Society for Industrialand Applied Mathematics,Expanded Abstracts,206–220.
Liu,F.,Robert,H.,Douglas,W.,and Richard,S.,2002,Plane wave source composition: An accurate phaseencoding scheme for prestack migration: 72ndAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1156–1159.
Marfurt,K.,1984,Accuracy of finite-difference andfinite-elements modeling of the scalar and elastic waveequations: Geophysics,49(5),533– 549.
Neelamani,R.,Krohn,C.E.,and Krebs,J.R.,2010,Efficient seismic forward modeling using simultaneousrandom sources and sparsity: Geophysics,75(6),WB15– WB27.
Operto,S.,Virieux,J.,and Dessa,J.X.,2006,Crustalseismic imaging from multifold ocean bottomseismometer data by frequency domain full waveformtomography: Application to the eastern Nankai trough:Journal of Geophysical Research,111(B9),1978– 2012.
Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2007,3D finite-differencefrequency-domain modeling of visco-acoustic wavepropagation using a massively parallel direct solver: Afeasibility study: Geophysics,72(5),SM195– SM211.
Pratt,R.G.,Shin,C.,and Hicks,G.J.,1998,Gauss-Newtonand full Newton methods in frequency-space seismicwaveform inversion: Geophysical Journal International,133(2),341– 362.
Pratt,R.G.,1999a,Seismic waveform inversion in thefrequency domain,Part 1: Theory and verification in aphysical scale model: Geophysics,64(3),888– 901.
Pratt,R.G.,1999b,Seismic waveform inversion in thefrequency domain,Part 2: Fault delineation in sedimentsusing crosshole data: Geophysics,64(3),902– 914.
Romero,L.A.,Ghiglia,D.C.,Ober,C.C.,and Morton,S.A.,2000,Phase encoding of shot records in prestackmigration: Geophysics,65(2),426– 436.
Schuster,G.T.,and Dai,W.,2010,Theory of MultisourceCrosstalk Reduction by Phase-Encoded Statics: 80thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3110– 3114.
Sirgue,L.,and Pratt,R.G.,2004,Efficient waveforminversion and imaging: A strategy for selecting temporalfrequencies: Geophysics,69(1),231– 248.
Soubaras,R.,2006,Modulated-shot migration: 76th AnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2430–2434.
Tarantola,A,1984,Inversion of seismic reflection data inthe acoustic approximation: Geophysics,49(8),1259–1266.
Tarantola,A,1986,A strategy for nonlinear elasticinversion of seismic reflection data: Geophysics,51(10),1893– 1903.
Virieux,J.,and Operto,S.,2009,An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration geophysics:Geophysics,74(6),WCC1– WCC26.
Ben-Hadj-Ali,H.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2009,Three-dimensional frequency-domain full waveform inversionwith phase encoding: 79thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2288– 2292.
Ben-Hadj-Ali,H.,and Operto,S.,2011,An efficientfrequency-domain full waveform inversion method usingsimultaneous encoded sources: Geophysics,76(4),R109– R124.
Berkhout,A.J.,Blacquiere,G.,and Verschuur,D.J.,2009,The concept of double blending: Combining incoherentshooting with incoherent sensing: Geophysics,74(4),A59– A62.
Berkhout,A.J.,and Blacquiere,G.,2011,BlendedAcquisition with Dispersed Source Arrays,the NextStep in Seismic Acquisition: 81stAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,16– 19.
Blacquiere,G.,and Berkhout,A.J.,2011,Doubleillumination in blended acquisition: 81thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,11– 15.
Boonyairiwat,C.,and Schuster,G.T.,2010,3DMultisource full-waveform inversion using dynamicrandom phase encoding: 80thAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1044– 1049.
Brossier,R.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2009,Seismicimaging of complex onshore structures by 2D elasticfrequency-domain full-waveform inversion: Geophysics,74(6),WCC105– WCC118.
Brossier,R.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2010,Which dataresidual norm for robust elastic frequency-domain fullwaveform inversion: Geophysics,75(3),R37– R46.
Diaz,E.,and Guitton,A.,2011,Fast full waveform inversionwith random shot decimation: 81thAnnual InternationalMeeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2804– 2808.
Godwin,J.,and Sava,P.,2010,Blended source imaging by amplitude encoding: 80thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3125– 3129.
Godwin,J.,and Sava,P.,2011,A comparison of shot-encoding schemes for wave-equation migration: 81stAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts32– 36.
Hustedt,B.,Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2004,Mixed-grid and staggered-grid finite-difference methods forfrequency-domain acoustic wave modelling: GeophysicalJournal International,157(3),1269– 1296.
Hu,J.,Wang,X.,and Wang,H.,2011,Frequency groupingcoding scheme for blended source imaging: 81thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3404–3408.
Ikelle,L.,2007,Coding and decoding: seismic datamodeling,acquisition and processing: 77thAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,66–70.
Krebs,J.R.,Anderson,J.,Hinkley,D.,Neelamani,R.,Lee,S.,Baumstein,A.,and Lacasse,M.,2009,Fast full-wavefield seismic inversion using encoded sources:Geophysics,74(6),WCC177– WCC188.
Lailly,P.,1983,The seismic inverse problem as a sequenceof before stack migration: Conference on InverseScattering,Theory and Application,Society for Industrialand Applied Mathematics,Expanded Abstracts,206–220.
Liu,F.,Robert,H.,Douglas,W.,and Richard,S.,2002,Plane wave source composition: An accurate phaseencoding scheme for prestack migration: 72ndAnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1156–1159.
Marfurt,K.,1984,Accuracy of finite-difference andfinite-elements modeling of the scalar and elastic waveequations: Geophysics,49(5),533– 549.
Neelamani,R.,Krohn,C.E.,and Krebs,J.R.,2010,Efficient seismic forward modeling using simultaneousrandom sources and sparsity: Geophysics,75(6),WB15– WB27.
Operto,S.,Virieux,J.,and Dessa,J.X.,2006,Crustalseismic imaging from multifold ocean bottomseismometer data by frequency domain full waveformtomography: Application to the eastern Nankai trough:Journal of Geophysical Research,111(B9),1978– 2012.
Operto,S.,and Virieux,J.,2007,3D finite-differencefrequency-domain modeling of visco-acoustic wavepropagation using a massively parallel direct solver: Afeasibility study: Geophysics,72(5),SM195– SM211.
Pratt,R.G.,Shin,C.,and Hicks,G.J.,1998,Gauss-Newtonand full Newton methods in frequency-space seismicwaveform inversion: Geophysical Journal International,133(2),341– 362.
Pratt,R.G.,1999a,Seismic waveform inversion in thefrequency domain,Part 1: Theory and verification in aphysical scale model: Geophysics,64(3),888– 901.
Pratt,R.G.,1999b,Seismic waveform inversion in thefrequency domain,Part 2: Fault delineation in sedimentsusing crosshole data: Geophysics,64(3),902– 914.
Romero,L.A.,Ghiglia,D.C.,Ober,C.C.,and Morton,S.A.,2000,Phase encoding of shot records in prestackmigration: Geophysics,65(2),426– 436.
Schuster,G.T.,and Dai,W.,2010,Theory of MultisourceCrosstalk Reduction by Phase-Encoded Statics: 80thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,3110– 3114.
Sirgue,L.,and Pratt,R.G.,2004,Efficient waveforminversion and imaging: A strategy for selecting temporalfrequencies: Geophysics,69(1),231– 248.
Soubaras,R.,2006,Modulated-shot migration: 76th AnnualInternational Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2430–2434.
Tarantola,A,1984,Inversion of seismic reflection data inthe acoustic approximation: Geophysics,49(8),1259–1266.
Tarantola,A,1986,A strategy for nonlinear elasticinversion of seismic reflection data: Geophysics,51(10),1893– 1903.
Virieux,J.,and Operto,S.,2009,An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration geophysics:Geophysics,74(6),WCC1– WCC26.
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