远震接收函数方法及其在海域岛礁区地壳结构研究中的应用
摘要
远震接收函数方法从远震P波波形中提取出台站下方主要速度间断面的信息,是研究地壳、上地幔结构的有效方法。该方法通过拟合转换波波形来约束间断面深度和横波速度。传统的接收函数线性反演方法强烈依赖于初始模型的选取,其反演结果存在较大的不确定性,为此新的基于非线性的反演方法逐渐发展起来,另外,接收函数与面波联合反演以及S波接收函数方法的提出也在一定程度上降低了反演结果的非唯一性。接收函数方法在大陆区地壳结构的研究中得到了广泛运用,但对于海区和岛礁区的研究却非常缺乏,本文回顾了国内外一些岛礁区的接收函数研究实例,介绍了西沙群岛琛航岛的天然地震观测及其结果,探讨了接收函数方法在岛礁区地壳结构研究中的应用前景。
Teleseismic receiver function,which extracts information about the main velocity interfaces beneath seismic station from the teleseismic P waveforms,is proved to be an efficient method to study the crust and upper mantle structures.This method constrains the depth and S velocity of the main velocity interfaces by fitting the converted S waveforms.In order to overcome the limitation that linear inversion method depends on the initial model,some non -linear inversion methods are employed in receiver function method.Furthermore,the joint inversions of receiver function and surface wave as well as the S receiver function method have also reduced the non-uniqueness to some extent.Receiver function method has been generally used to study continent structures,but seldom in oceanic reef and islands.This article reviewed some cases of receiver function studies in this type of area at domestic and abroad.Firstly,the paper introduced the seismological observations at Chenhang on Xisha Islands,Then,the paper discussed the prospect of the receiver function application to reef and islands.
Teleseismic receiver function,which extracts information about the main velocity interfaces beneath seismic station from the teleseismic P waveforms,is proved to be an efficient method to study the crust and upper mantle structures.This method constrains the depth and S velocity of the main velocity interfaces by fitting the converted S waveforms.In order to overcome the limitation that linear inversion method depends on the initial model,some non -linear inversion methods are employed in receiver function method.Furthermore,the joint inversions of receiver function and surface wave as well as the S receiver function method have also reduced the non-uniqueness to some extent.Receiver function method has been generally used to study continent structures,but seldom in oceanic reef and islands.This article reviewed some cases of receiver function studies in this type of area at domestic and abroad.Firstly,the paper introduced the seismological observations at Chenhang on Xisha Islands,Then,the paper discussed the prospect of the receiver function application to reef and islands.
引文
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[2]Langston C A.Structure under Mount Rainier,Washington,inferred from teleseismic body waves[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1979,84(B9):4749-4762.
[3]Owens T J,Randall G,Taylor S R.Seismic evidence for an ancient rift beneath the Cumberland Plateau,Tennessee:A detailed analysis of broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89:7783-7796.
[4]Qiu X,Priestley K F,Mckenzie D.Average lithospheric structure of southern Africa[J].Geophysical Journal International,1996,127(3):563-581.
[5]Yuan X,Sobolev SV,Kind R,et al.Subduction and collision processes in the Central Andes constrained by converted seismic phases[J].Nature,2000,48(6815):958-961.
[6]刘启元,Rainer Kind,陈九辉,等.大别山造山带壳幔界面的断错结构和壳内低速体[J].中国科学D辑,2005,35(4):304-313.
[7]吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,等.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,2003,25(4):382-389.
[8]Ammon C J,Randall G.On the nonuniqueness of receiver function inversions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1990,95(B10):15303-15318.
[9]Randall G.Efficient calculation of differential seismograms for lithospheric receiver functions[J].Geophysical Journal International,1989,99:469-481.
[10]Shaw P R,Orcutt J A.Waveform inversion of seismic refraction data and applications to young Pacific crust[J].Geophysical Journal International,1985,82(3):375-414.
[11]刘启元,KIND R,李顺成,等.接收函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(4):502-513.
[12]周惠兰,杨毅.接收函数反演上地幔速度结构和间断面的剥壳遗传算法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):382-389.
[13]Rothman D H.Nonlinear inversion,statistical mechanics,and residual statics estimation[J].Geophysics,1985,50(12):2784-2796.
[14]Sambridge M.Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm-I,Searching a parameter space[J].Geophysical Journal International,1999,138:479-494.
[15]贺传松,王椿镛,吴建平,等.五大连池火山区地壳上地幔速度结构的接收函数反演[J].地震学报,2003,25(2):128-135.
[16]Julia J,Ammon C J,Herrmann R B,et al.Joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion observations[J].Geophysical Journal International,2000,143(1):99-112.
[17]Farra V,Vinnik L.Upper mantle stratification by P and S receiver functions[J].Geophysical Journal International,2000,141(3):699-712.
[18]Mutter C Z,Mutter J C.Variations in thickness of layer3dominate oceanic crustal structure[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1993,117(1-2):295-317.
[19]White R S,Mckenzie D.Oceanic crustal thickness from seismic measurements and rare earth element inversions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B13):19683-19715.
[20]Leahy G M,Park J.Hunting for oceanic island Moho[J].Geophysical Journal International,2005,160(3):1020-1026.
[21]Park J,Levin V.Receiver functions from multiple-taper spectral correlation estimates[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2000,90(6):1507-1520.
[22]Qiu X,Priestley K F,MCKENZIE D.Teleseismic P-waveform receiver function analysis and its application to Qiongzhong station(QIZ)of Hainan Island,NW South China Sea[J].Journal of Geosciences of China,2002,4(1):1-8.
[23]金庆焕.南海地质与油气资源[M].北京:地质出版社,1989.
[24]胥颐,刘建华,傅竹武,等.西沙群岛和哀牢山-红河地区的宽频带地震观测[J].热带海洋学报,2003,22(2):83-88.
[25]阮爱国,李嘉彪,郝天姚,等.石岛地震台远震记录反演研究[J].海洋学报,2006,28(2):85-91.
[26]吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,等.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,2003,25(4):382-389.
[27]丘学林,曾钢平,胥颐,等.南海西沙石岛地震台下的地壳结构研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1720-1729.
[28]丘学林,周蒂,夏戡原,等.南海西沙海槽地壳结构的海底地震仪探测与研究[J].热带海洋,2000,19(2):10-19.
[29]Buland R,Chapman C H.The computation of seismic travel times[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1983,73(5):1271-1302.
[30]Owens T J,Crosson R S.Shallow structure effects on broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1988,78(1):96-108.
[31]CASSIDY J F.Numerical experiments in broadband receiver function analysis[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1992,82(3):1453-1474.
[2]Langston C A.Structure under Mount Rainier,Washington,inferred from teleseismic body waves[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1979,84(B9):4749-4762.
[3]Owens T J,Randall G,Taylor S R.Seismic evidence for an ancient rift beneath the Cumberland Plateau,Tennessee:A detailed analysis of broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89:7783-7796.
[4]Qiu X,Priestley K F,Mckenzie D.Average lithospheric structure of southern Africa[J].Geophysical Journal International,1996,127(3):563-581.
[5]Yuan X,Sobolev SV,Kind R,et al.Subduction and collision processes in the Central Andes constrained by converted seismic phases[J].Nature,2000,48(6815):958-961.
[6]刘启元,Rainer Kind,陈九辉,等.大别山造山带壳幔界面的断错结构和壳内低速体[J].中国科学D辑,2005,35(4):304-313.
[7]吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,等.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,2003,25(4):382-389.
[8]Ammon C J,Randall G.On the nonuniqueness of receiver function inversions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1990,95(B10):15303-15318.
[9]Randall G.Efficient calculation of differential seismograms for lithospheric receiver functions[J].Geophysical Journal International,1989,99:469-481.
[10]Shaw P R,Orcutt J A.Waveform inversion of seismic refraction data and applications to young Pacific crust[J].Geophysical Journal International,1985,82(3):375-414.
[11]刘启元,KIND R,李顺成,等.接收函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(4):502-513.
[12]周惠兰,杨毅.接收函数反演上地幔速度结构和间断面的剥壳遗传算法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):382-389.
[13]Rothman D H.Nonlinear inversion,statistical mechanics,and residual statics estimation[J].Geophysics,1985,50(12):2784-2796.
[14]Sambridge M.Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm-I,Searching a parameter space[J].Geophysical Journal International,1999,138:479-494.
[15]贺传松,王椿镛,吴建平,等.五大连池火山区地壳上地幔速度结构的接收函数反演[J].地震学报,2003,25(2):128-135.
[16]Julia J,Ammon C J,Herrmann R B,et al.Joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion observations[J].Geophysical Journal International,2000,143(1):99-112.
[17]Farra V,Vinnik L.Upper mantle stratification by P and S receiver functions[J].Geophysical Journal International,2000,141(3):699-712.
[18]Mutter C Z,Mutter J C.Variations in thickness of layer3dominate oceanic crustal structure[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1993,117(1-2):295-317.
[19]White R S,Mckenzie D.Oceanic crustal thickness from seismic measurements and rare earth element inversions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B13):19683-19715.
[20]Leahy G M,Park J.Hunting for oceanic island Moho[J].Geophysical Journal International,2005,160(3):1020-1026.
[21]Park J,Levin V.Receiver functions from multiple-taper spectral correlation estimates[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2000,90(6):1507-1520.
[22]Qiu X,Priestley K F,MCKENZIE D.Teleseismic P-waveform receiver function analysis and its application to Qiongzhong station(QIZ)of Hainan Island,NW South China Sea[J].Journal of Geosciences of China,2002,4(1):1-8.
[23]金庆焕.南海地质与油气资源[M].北京:地质出版社,1989.
[24]胥颐,刘建华,傅竹武,等.西沙群岛和哀牢山-红河地区的宽频带地震观测[J].热带海洋学报,2003,22(2):83-88.
[25]阮爱国,李嘉彪,郝天姚,等.石岛地震台远震记录反演研究[J].海洋学报,2006,28(2):85-91.
[26]吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,等.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,2003,25(4):382-389.
[27]丘学林,曾钢平,胥颐,等.南海西沙石岛地震台下的地壳结构研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1720-1729.
[28]丘学林,周蒂,夏戡原,等.南海西沙海槽地壳结构的海底地震仪探测与研究[J].热带海洋,2000,19(2):10-19.
[29]Buland R,Chapman C H.The computation of seismic travel times[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1983,73(5):1271-1302.
[30]Owens T J,Crosson R S.Shallow structure effects on broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1988,78(1):96-108.
[31]CASSIDY J F.Numerical experiments in broadband receiver function analysis[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1992,82(3):1453-1474.
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