页岩气资源评价方法与关键参数探讨
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摘要
研究页岩气资源的评价方法及关键参数,以准确评价页岩气资源潜力。在勘探程度相对较高的地区,推荐以体积法为主、类比法为辅进行资源评价;在勘探程度较低的地区,推荐采用类比法进行资源评价。提出了"含气泥页岩系统"的概念,并将其作为评价单元计算泥页岩厚度。含气泥页岩系统是指由上下致密层封挡的同一压力系统内的岩性组合,主要由富有机碳的泥页岩和砂岩、碳酸盐岩夹层构成,有含气泥页岩的测井响应特征,顶、底板为致密岩层,含气层段连续厚度大于30 m,内不含明显的水层。根据勘探程度和资料丰富程度的不同,可采用不同方法获得含气泥页岩系统的厚度;在勘探程度较高、资料较丰富的地区,可以利用测井资料和有机碳含量较准确计算其厚度;在勘探程度低或者特低的地区,可以通过野外地质剖面、地震剖面、沉积特征等资料,使用类比法来推算含气泥页岩系统的厚度。
Methods and key parameters of shale gas resources evaluation are studied so as to accurately assess the potential of shale gas resources.In much-explored areas,the volume method,followed by the analogy method,is recommended for evaluation;in less-explored areas,the analogy method is recommended.The concept of "gas-bearing shale system" is put forward and taken as an evaluation unit to calculate the thickness of shale.It refers to the lithologic assemblage sealed by upper and lower tight layers in one pressure system,composed of organic carbon-rich shale and the interbeds of sandstones and carbonates,featuring the logging responses of gas-bearing shale,with tight rocks at top and bottom,and the continuous thickness of gas-bearing interval being more than 30 m and no obvious water layer.According to exploration degree and available data,different methods may be selected to calculate the thickness of gas-bearing shale system.The logging data and the content of organic carbon are used in the areas with high degree of exploration and abundant data,while field geological profile,seismic profile,depositional characteristics and other data are considered in areas with low or ultra-low degree of exploration.
Methods and key parameters of shale gas resources evaluation are studied so as to accurately assess the potential of shale gas resources.In much-explored areas,the volume method,followed by the analogy method,is recommended for evaluation;in less-explored areas,the analogy method is recommended.The concept of "gas-bearing shale system" is put forward and taken as an evaluation unit to calculate the thickness of shale.It refers to the lithologic assemblage sealed by upper and lower tight layers in one pressure system,composed of organic carbon-rich shale and the interbeds of sandstones and carbonates,featuring the logging responses of gas-bearing shale,with tight rocks at top and bottom,and the continuous thickness of gas-bearing interval being more than 30 m and no obvious water layer.According to exploration degree and available data,different methods may be selected to calculate the thickness of gas-bearing shale system.The logging data and the content of organic carbon are used in the areas with high degree of exploration and abundant data,while field geological profile,seismic profile,depositional characteristics and other data are considered in areas with low or ultra-low degree of exploration.
引文
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[16]李艳丽.页岩气储量计算方法探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(3):466-470.Li Yanli.Calculation methods of shale gas reserves[J].Natural GasGeoscience,2009,20(3):466-470.
[17]梁兴,叶熙,张介辉,等.滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件分析与有利区优选[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):693-699.Liang Xing,Ye Xi,Zhang Jiehui,et al.Reservoir forming conditionsand favorable exploration zones of shale gas in the Weixin Sag,Dianqianbei Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):693-699.
[2]张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):136-140.Zhang Jinchuan,Xu Bo,Nie Haikuan,et al.Exploration potential ofshale gas resources in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):136-140.
[3]黄昌武.中国首个页岩气合作开发项目开钻[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(1):96.Huang Changwu.Chinese first shale gas cooperation developmentproject spuds in[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(1):96.
[4]卢双舫,张敏.油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.Lu Shuangfang,Zhang Min.Petroleum geochemistry[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2008.
[5]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geologicalcharacteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shalegas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(6):641-653.
[6]赵文智,王兆云,王红军,等.再论有机质“接力成气”的内涵与意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):129-135.Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zhaoyun,Wang Hongjun,et al.Furtherdiscussion on the connotation and significance of the natural gasrelaying generation model from organic materials[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2011,38(2):129-135.
[7]董大忠,程克明,王世谦,等.页岩气资源评价方法及其在四川盆地的应用[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):33-39.Dong Dazhong,Cheng Keming,Wang Shiqian,et al.An evaluationmethod of shale gas resource and its application in the Sichuanbasin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):33-39.
[8]张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18.Zhang Jinchuan,Jin Zhijun,Yuan Mingsheng.Reservoiringmechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):15-18.
[9]Daniel M J,Ronald J H,Tim E R,et al.Unconventional shale gassystems:The Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas asone model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[10]Gault B,Stotts G.Improve shale gas production forecasts[J].E&P,2007,80(3):85-87.
[11]Martineau D F.History of the Newark East field and the BarnettShale as a gas reservoir[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):399-403.
[12]Martini A M,Walter L M,Budai J M,et al.Genetic and temporalrelations between formation waters and biogenic methane:UpperDevonian Antrim Shale,Michigan Basin,USA[J].Geochimica etCosmochimica Acta,1998,62(10):1699-1720.
[13]Ross D J K,Bustin R M.Characterizing the shale gas resourcepotential of Devonian-Mississippian strata in the western Canadasedimentary basin:Application of an integrated formationevaluation[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(1):87-125.
[14]Scott L M,Daniel M J,Kent A B,et al.Mississippian Barnett Shale,Fort Worth basin,north-central Texas:Gas-shale play with multi-trillion cubic foot potential[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(2):155-175.
[15]卢双舫,黄文彪,陈方文,等.页岩油气资源分级评价标准探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):249-256.Lu Shuangfang,Huang Wenbiao,Chen Fangwen,et al.Classificationand evaluation criteria of shale oil and gas resources:Discussion andapplication[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):249-256.
[16]李艳丽.页岩气储量计算方法探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(3):466-470.Li Yanli.Calculation methods of shale gas reserves[J].Natural GasGeoscience,2009,20(3):466-470.
[17]梁兴,叶熙,张介辉,等.滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件分析与有利区优选[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):693-699.Liang Xing,Ye Xi,Zhang Jiehui,et al.Reservoir forming conditionsand favorable exploration zones of shale gas in the Weixin Sag,Dianqianbei Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):693-699.
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