探讨渤海及周边地区海洋平台抗震设防水准
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摘要
介绍了美国API规范的内容,并将南加利福尼亚和中国渤海海域地震活动特征与地震 危险性进行对比．对比结果表明,无论在地震活动的频度与强度还是地震危险性分析结果 上,渤海都比南加州弱．API规范指出,对于南加利福尼亚地区的永久性建筑,强度设计水 准取重现期200 a,变形设计水准取几百至几千年．我国相关规范规定的海洋平台强度设计和 变形设计水准分别取500 a和10 000 a,过于保守．同时,与其它建构筑物的抗震水平相比 较,甲类建筑变形设计水准取设计基准期100 a内超越概率2％～3％,乙、丙类取50 a内2％ ～3％,考虑海洋平台易于引起严重的次生灾害,变形设计水准取设计基准期30 a内1％(相当 于重现期3000 a)应是安全的．基于上述对比分析,同时考虑到经济承受能力以及与现行标 准的连贯性,建议我国海洋石油平台的强度设计水准和变形设计水准分别取200 a和3 000 a．
API code is introduced at first, and then a comparison of seismic character and seismic hazard between Bohai and Southern California is carried out. The analysis indicates both the seismic frequency and intensity and the seismic hazard of Bohai are much weaker than that of Southern California. API code states the strength level and deformation level of permanent structures in Southern California takes 200 a and several hundred to a few thousand years respectively. But in the reference codes in China, the seismic levels take 500 a and 10 000 a for strength design and deformation design, and it seems too conservative. In China, the deformation level of class A structure takes 2%-3% probabilities of exceedance in reference period 100 a. and that of class B and C often takes 2%-3% in 50 a. Now that offshore platforms may cause server subsequent risk, it is safe to take 1% in 30 a as its deformation design level. On the basis of the analyses above and social economic level and the consistency with present codes, the strength design level and deformation design level of Chinese offshore platforms is suggested to take 200 a and 3 000 a respectively.
API code is introduced at first, and then a comparison of seismic character and seismic hazard between Bohai and Southern California is carried out. The analysis indicates both the seismic frequency and intensity and the seismic hazard of Bohai are much weaker than that of Southern California. API code states the strength level and deformation level of permanent structures in Southern California takes 200 a and several hundred to a few thousand years respectively. But in the reference codes in China, the seismic levels take 500 a and 10 000 a for strength design and deformation design, and it seems too conservative. In China, the deformation level of class A structure takes 2%-3% probabilities of exceedance in reference period 100 a. and that of class B and C often takes 2%-3% in 50 a. Now that offshore platforms may cause server subsequent risk, it is safe to take 1% in 30 a as its deformation design level. On the basis of the analyses above and social economic level and the consistency with present codes, the strength design level and deformation design level of Chinese offshore platforms is suggested to take 200 a and 3 000 a respectively.
引文
国家质量技术监督局．1999．中华人民共和国国家标准《工程场地地震安全性评价技术规范(Gb17741 1999)》[M]．北 京:中国标准出版社,1～16
国家质量技术监督局．1998．中国人民共和国国家标准《海上平台场址工程地质勘察规范(GB17503-1998)》[M]．北京: 中国标准出版社,15～16
胡聿贤．1999．地震安全性评价技术教程[M]．北京:地震出版社．215～213
吕悦军,唐荣余,彭艳菊,等．2003．渤南油田工程地震研究[M]．北京:地震出版社．67～99
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫局．200．建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011 2001)[M]．北京:中国建筑工 业出版社,195～201
American Petroleum Institute. 2002. RP2A WSI): Planning, Designing . ami Constructing Fived Of fshore Plat forms Working Stress Design[M]. Houston; American Petroleum Institute. 124-128
Building Seismic Safely Council. 1998. 1997 Edition VKHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for Seu. Buildings . FEMA 302 303[M]. Washington D C: Developed for the Federal Emergency Management Agen ey, 32-35
Frankel A. Petersen M. Mueller C et al. 2002. Documentation for the 2002 Update of the National Seismic Hazard Maps [R]. Open-file Report 02 420, 2002. Washington D C: U S Geological Survey. 2-31
Hauksson E. Jones L M. 2000. Interseismic background seismicity of the southern San .Andreas Fault. California [A].Proceedings o f the 3rd Con forence on Tectonic Problems of the San Andreas Fault System [C]. Stcdntord. California: September 6-8. 31-39
Steven G Wesnousky. 1986. Earthquake. Quaternary laults and seismic hazard in California[J]. J Geophvs Res. 91 (B12): 12 387-12 631
Tiampo K F. Rundle J B, McGmnis S. et al. 2002, Ei genpatterns in southern California seismicity[J] . J Geophys Res . 107(B12):2 351
国家质量技术监督局．1998．中国人民共和国国家标准《海上平台场址工程地质勘察规范(GB17503-1998)》[M]．北京: 中国标准出版社,15～16
胡聿贤．1999．地震安全性评价技术教程[M]．北京:地震出版社．215～213
吕悦军,唐荣余,彭艳菊,等．2003．渤南油田工程地震研究[M]．北京:地震出版社．67～99
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫局．200．建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011 2001)[M]．北京:中国建筑工 业出版社,195～201
American Petroleum Institute. 2002. RP2A WSI): Planning, Designing . ami Constructing Fived Of fshore Plat forms Working Stress Design[M]. Houston; American Petroleum Institute. 124-128
Building Seismic Safely Council. 1998. 1997 Edition VKHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for Seu. Buildings . FEMA 302 303[M]. Washington D C: Developed for the Federal Emergency Management Agen ey, 32-35
Frankel A. Petersen M. Mueller C et al. 2002. Documentation for the 2002 Update of the National Seismic Hazard Maps [R]. Open-file Report 02 420, 2002. Washington D C: U S Geological Survey. 2-31
Hauksson E. Jones L M. 2000. Interseismic background seismicity of the southern San .Andreas Fault. California [A].Proceedings o f the 3rd Con forence on Tectonic Problems of the San Andreas Fault System [C]. Stcdntord. California: September 6-8. 31-39
Steven G Wesnousky. 1986. Earthquake. Quaternary laults and seismic hazard in California[J]. J Geophvs Res. 91 (B12): 12 387-12 631
Tiampo K F. Rundle J B, McGmnis S. et al. 2002, Ei genpatterns in southern California seismicity[J] . J Geophys Res . 107(B12):2 351
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