基于横波分裂的转换波各向异性分析技术及应用
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摘要
当横波不平行也不垂直穿过裂缝时,会发生横波分裂现象。这里基于横波分裂理论,采用二维分量旋转方法进行转换波分裂分析。为了得到地层裂缝信息,提高宽方位转换波径向分量成像质量,利用宽方位转换波的径向和横向分量资料,完成了多层裂缝介质的各向异性分析。在此基础上,还完成了转换波方位各向异性校正研究。首先,利用分量旋转方法求出第一裂缝介质层的各向异性方向、快慢横波时延等参数;然后,将快、慢横波时延应用于慢波数据进行慢波时延补偿;最后,根据第一层的方位角将快波和补偿后的慢波旋转回原来的径向和横向分量方向。这样,就完成了第一裂缝层的各向异性分析,同时还得到第一层的裂缝方向、裂缝密度、补偿后的径向分量等数据。依此类推,进行以下裂缝层的各向异性分析。该转换波各向异性分析技术已应用于川西XC气田的宽方位三维三分量地震数据处理,不但得到了裂缝参数,而且还消除了宽方位转换波的方位各向异性影响,提高了转换波径向分量的成像质量。
When S-wave is not parallel nor perpendicular through the fracture,S-wave splitting phenomenon occurs.In this paper,2-D component rotation method is applied to analyze converted wave splitting based on S-wave splitting theory.To obtain fracture information and improve radial component imaging quality,the anisotropic analysis of the multi-layer fracture media has been completed by wide-azimuth converted radial and transverse component data.Based on the previous result,it is realized that converted wave azimuth anisotropy correction.Firstly,the anisotropic direction and time delay between fast and slow wave have been found out on the first fracture layer by component rotation method.Secondly,the time delay is used to compensate slow wave time delay.Lastly,the fast wave and compensated slow wave are rotated back the original radical and transverse direction according to the first layer azimuth.So,the first layer anisotropic analysis has been completed.At the same time,the data of the fracture direction,fracture density and compensated radial component have been obtained.And so on,the below multi-layer fracture will be analyzed by above technique.The converted wave anisotropic analysis technique has been successfully applied to wide-azimuth 3D3C data in XC gas field in western Sichuan,and the fracture parameters have also been obtained.The azimuth anisotropy effects have been eliminated on wide-azimuth converted wave,and radial component imaging quality have improved greatly.
When S-wave is not parallel nor perpendicular through the fracture,S-wave splitting phenomenon occurs.In this paper,2-D component rotation method is applied to analyze converted wave splitting based on S-wave splitting theory.To obtain fracture information and improve radial component imaging quality,the anisotropic analysis of the multi-layer fracture media has been completed by wide-azimuth converted radial and transverse component data.Based on the previous result,it is realized that converted wave azimuth anisotropy correction.Firstly,the anisotropic direction and time delay between fast and slow wave have been found out on the first fracture layer by component rotation method.Secondly,the time delay is used to compensate slow wave time delay.Lastly,the fast wave and compensated slow wave are rotated back the original radical and transverse direction according to the first layer azimuth.So,the first layer anisotropic analysis has been completed.At the same time,the data of the fracture direction,fracture density and compensated radial component have been obtained.And so on,the below multi-layer fracture will be analyzed by above technique.The converted wave anisotropic analysis technique has been successfully applied to wide-azimuth 3D3C data in XC gas field in western Sichuan,and the fracture parameters have also been obtained.The azimuth anisotropy effects have been eliminated on wide-azimuth converted wave,and radial component imaging quality have improved greatly.
引文
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[2]唐建明,马昭军.宽方位三维三分量地震资料采集观测系统设计-以新场气田三维三分量勘探为例[J].石油物探,2007,46(3):310.
[3]马昭军,唐建明,将能春.四参数速度分析方法在新场转换波处理中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(4):268.
[4]CAFARELLI B,MADTSON E,KRAIL P,et.al.3-D gas cloud imaging of the Donald Field with converted wave[J].Expanded Abstracts of70thAnnual Internate,2000:1158.
[5]甘其刚,杨振武,彭大钧.振幅随方位角变化裂缝检测技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):373.
[6]LI YONGYI,XU YONG,LEONG HENRY.Azimuthal AVO inversion(AZOZI)in full elastic property determi-nation of fractured reservoirs(HTI media)[J].Expand-ed Abstracts of71stAnnual Internat SEG Mtg,2001:265.
[7]徐天吉,程冰洁,唐建明,等.PP波与P-SV波叠前联合反演研究与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(5):368.
[8]唐建候,杨慧珠,贺振华,等.P-SV快慢横波旋转分离公式研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(12):44.
[9]LIFENG WANG,XIANGYANG LI,XIANYI SUN.A-nalysis of converted-wave splitting in volcanic rocks:a case study from northeast China[J].EAGE68th Con-ference&Exhibition,2006:12.
[10]XIANGYANG LI,STUART CRAMPIN.Linear-trans-form techniques for processing shear-wave anisotropy in four-component seismic data[J].Geophysics,1993,58(2):240.
[11]CRAMPIN.Arewviewof wave motion in anisotropic and cracked ealastic-media[J].Wave Motion,1981,3:343.
[12]ALFORD R M.Shear data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy[J].Expand Abstracts of56thSEG Mtg,1996,15:476.
[13]XIANGYANG LI,STUART CRAMPIN.Line-transform techniques for processing shear-wave anisotropy in four-component seismic data[J].Geophysics,1993,58(2):240.
[14]罗省贤,李录明.基于横波分裂的地层裂缝预测方法与应用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(1):52.
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