新疆富蕴可可托海—二台断裂带中假玄武玻璃及其围岩的年代学研究
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摘要
发育在新疆富蕴可可托海—二台断裂带中的假玄武玻璃是古地震断裂快速滑移形成的构造岩。地质产状、显微构造研究表明,这些假玄武玻璃主要由发生重结晶的玻璃质熔融体形成。假玄武玻璃基质的全岩40Ar-39Ar阶段升温方法主阶段和K-Ar年龄分别为282.8±3.8Ma和276.4±7.4Ma。假玄武玻璃所在母岩(黑云母花岗岩和钾长花岗岩)的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为390.4±1.0Ma和396.3±0.1Ma,表明二台断裂带中的假玄武玻璃是在二叠世早期形成的,也说明二台断裂带古地震活动至少可以追溯到晚古生代(早二叠世早期)。尽管二台断裂带是现今仍然活动的地震构造带,但目前所见到的假玄武玻璃是早二叠世时期古地震活动的产物。1931年的富蕴8.0级地震仅仅是沿着二台断裂带发生的多次构造活动的一次活动,与假玄武玻璃之间没有成因上的联系。
The pseudotachylite developed along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone in Xinjiang,northwest China,is one of the friction—melt-derived tectonites by the rapid faulting of ancient seismic zone ,which is testified by the characteristics of microstructure,e.g. the presence of glassy pseudotachylites and differently morphological microlites,such as skeletal,dendritic,acicular and globular in the matrix of pseudotachylites. The bulk ages of both K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar step-heating of the pseudotachylite matrix yielded 282.8±3.8 Ma and 276.4±7.4Ma,respectively; and the ages of U-Pb of zircons from the two granitoids being the wall rocks of the pseudotachylite are 390.4±1.0 Ma and 396.3±0.7 Ma,respectively. These results show that the pseudotachylites from the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone formed in the early Permian period ,and the occurrences of pseudotachylite may probably indicate the most earliest paleoseismic event during the early Permian times along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone. The Fuyun magnitude 8.0 earthquake in 1931 is just one of the multi-seismic activities along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone,which has no any genetic relationship with the pseudotachylites developed in the fault.
The pseudotachylite developed along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone in Xinjiang,northwest China,is one of the friction—melt-derived tectonites by the rapid faulting of ancient seismic zone ,which is testified by the characteristics of microstructure,e.g. the presence of glassy pseudotachylites and differently morphological microlites,such as skeletal,dendritic,acicular and globular in the matrix of pseudotachylites. The bulk ages of both K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar step-heating of the pseudotachylite matrix yielded 282.8±3.8 Ma and 276.4±7.4Ma,respectively; and the ages of U-Pb of zircons from the two granitoids being the wall rocks of the pseudotachylite are 390.4±1.0 Ma and 396.3±0.7 Ma,respectively. These results show that the pseudotachylites from the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone formed in the early Permian period ,and the occurrences of pseudotachylite may probably indicate the most earliest paleoseismic event during the early Permian times along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone. The Fuyun magnitude 8.0 earthquake in 1931 is just one of the multi-seismic activities along the Keketuohai—Ertai fault zone,which has no any genetic relationship with the pseudotachylites developed in the fault.
引文
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陈文,刘新宇,张思.2002.连续激光阶段升温40Ar/39Ar地质年代测定方法研究.地质论评,48(增刊):127～134.
董永观.2000.新疆阿尔泰金矿断裂构造控矿规律研究.火山地质与矿产,21(1):41～46.
韩宝福,何国琦,王式洸,洪大卫.1998.新疆北部后碰撞岩浆作用与陆壳纵向增生.,地质论评,44(4):396～406.
何国琦,韩宝福,岳永君,王嘉桁.1990.中国阿尔泰造山带的构造分区和地壳演化.新疆地质科学,(2):9～20.
李惠民,董传万,徐夕生,周新民.1995.泉州辉长岩中单粒锆石U-Pb法定年———闽东南基性岩浆岩的起源.科学通报,40(2):158～160.
李锦轶,肖序常,陈文.2000.准噶尔盆地东部的前晚奥陶世陆壳基底———来自盆地东北缘老君庙变质岩的证据.中国区域地质,19(3):297～302.
林传勇,范福田.1984.新疆富蕴断裂带的显微构造分析.防灾减灾工程学报,27(2):1～8.
刘建民,董树文,张家声,刘晓春,陈文,陈柏林.2004.大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃及其围岩的K-Ar和40Ar-39Ar年龄及地质意义.地质学报,78(3):374～379.
曲国胜,何国琦.1992.阿尔泰造山带的构造运动.地质学报,66(3):193～205.
舒良树,卢华复,印栋浩,马瑞士,夏飞,卢汉.2001.新疆北部古生代大陆增生构造.新疆地质,19(1):59～63.
史兰斌,林传勇,张小鸥,陈孝德,柏美祥.1997.新疆可可托海———二台断裂带假玄武玻璃的基本特征.中国科学(D辑),27(2):137～142.
杨树德.1994.新疆北部的古板块构造.新疆地质,12(10):1～8.
Austrhei m H and Boundy T M.1994.Pseudotachylites generatedduring seismic faulting and eclogitization of the deep crust.Science,265(5168):82～83.
Yuan Chao,Sun Min,Xiao Wenjiao,Li Xianhua,Chen Hanlin,LinShoufa,Xia Xiaoping and Long,Xiaoping.2007.Accretionaryorogenesis of the Chinese Altai:Insights from Paleozoicgranitoids.Chemical Geology,242(1～2):22～39.
Coleman R G.1989.Continental growth of northwest China:Tectonics,8(3):621～635.
Davidson C,Davis KJ,Bailey C M,Tape C H,Singleton J,SingerB.2003.Age,origin,and significance of brittle faulting andpseudo-tachylyte along the coast shear zone,Prince Rupert,British Columbia.Geology,31(1):43～46.
Kelley S P,Reddy S M,Maddock R.1994.Laser-probe40Ar/39Arinvestigation of a pseudotachylite and its host rock from theOuter Isles Thrust,Scotland.Geology,22(5):443～446.
Lin Ai ming.1994a.Microlite morphology and chemistry inpseudotachylite fromthe Fuyun fault zone,China.The Journalof geology,102(3):317～329.
Lin Ai ming.1994b.Glassy pseudotachylite veins from the Fuyunfault zone,northwest China.Journal of Structural Geology,16(1):71～83.
Liu Jianmin,Dong Shuwen,Zhang Jiasheng,Liu Xiaochun andChen Bailin.2004.Origin,age and significance ofpseudotachylites from the eastern Dabieshan Orogenic Belt,China.Acta Geologica Sinica,78(1):52～60.
Magloughlin J F and Spray J G.1992.Frictional melting processesand products in geological materials:introduction anddiscussion.Tectonophysics,204(3～4):197～206.
Muller W,Kelley S P,Villa I M.2002.Dating fault-generatedpseudotachylytes:comparison of40Ar/39Ar stepwise-heating,laser-ablation and Rb-Sr microsampling analyses.Contrib.Mineral Petrol.,144(1):57～77.
Qu G and Zhang J.1994.Oblique thrust systems in the AltayOrogen,China.Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,9:277～287;doi:10.1016/0743～9547(94)90035～3.
Rei mold W U,Jessberger E K,Stephan T.1990.40Ar/39Ar datingof pseudotachylite fromthe Vredefort Dome,South Africa:aprogress report.Tectonophysics,171(1～4):139～152.
Sengor A M C and Natal'in B A.1996.Paleotectonics of Asia:fragments of a synthesis.in:Yin A and Harrison T M.eds.The Tectonic Evolution of Asia:New York:CambridgeUniversity Press,486～640.
Shand S J.1916.The pseudotachylyte of Parijs(Orange Free State)andits relation to“trap-shotten gneiss”and“flinty crush-rock”.Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal,14:999～1006.
Sherlock S C,Hetzel R.2001.Alaser-probe40Ar/39Ar study ofpseudotachylite from the Tambach Fault Zone,Kenya:directisotopic dating of brittle faults.J.of Structural Geology,23(1):33～44.
Stephanie M B,Yin An,Craig E M,Chen Zhengle,WangXiaofeng,Mary G.2007.Late Paleozoic tectonic history of theErtix fault in the Chinese Altai and its i mplications for thedevelopment of the Central Asian Orogenic System.GSABulletin,119(7～8):944～960.
Trieloff M,Rei mold U W,Kunz J,Boer R H,Jessberger E K.1994.40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of pseudotachylite at theVentersdorp Contact Reef,Witwatersrand basin.South AfricanJournal of Geology,97(4):365～384.
Wang T,Hong D W,Jahn B M,Tong Y,Wang Y B,Hang B F,Wang X X.2006.Ti ming,petrogenesis,and setting ofPaleozoic synorogenic intrusions from the Altai Mountains,Northwest China:i mplications for the tectonic evolution of anAccretionary orogen.Journal of Geology,114(6):735～751.
陈文,刘新宇,张思.2002.连续激光阶段升温40Ar/39Ar地质年代测定方法研究.地质论评,48(增刊):127～134.
董永观.2000.新疆阿尔泰金矿断裂构造控矿规律研究.火山地质与矿产,21(1):41～46.
韩宝福,何国琦,王式洸,洪大卫.1998.新疆北部后碰撞岩浆作用与陆壳纵向增生.,地质论评,44(4):396～406.
何国琦,韩宝福,岳永君,王嘉桁.1990.中国阿尔泰造山带的构造分区和地壳演化.新疆地质科学,(2):9～20.
李惠民,董传万,徐夕生,周新民.1995.泉州辉长岩中单粒锆石U-Pb法定年———闽东南基性岩浆岩的起源.科学通报,40(2):158～160.
李锦轶,肖序常,陈文.2000.准噶尔盆地东部的前晚奥陶世陆壳基底———来自盆地东北缘老君庙变质岩的证据.中国区域地质,19(3):297～302.
林传勇,范福田.1984.新疆富蕴断裂带的显微构造分析.防灾减灾工程学报,27(2):1～8.
刘建民,董树文,张家声,刘晓春,陈文,陈柏林.2004.大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃及其围岩的K-Ar和40Ar-39Ar年龄及地质意义.地质学报,78(3):374～379.
曲国胜,何国琦.1992.阿尔泰造山带的构造运动.地质学报,66(3):193～205.
舒良树,卢华复,印栋浩,马瑞士,夏飞,卢汉.2001.新疆北部古生代大陆增生构造.新疆地质,19(1):59～63.
史兰斌,林传勇,张小鸥,陈孝德,柏美祥.1997.新疆可可托海———二台断裂带假玄武玻璃的基本特征.中国科学(D辑),27(2):137～142.
杨树德.1994.新疆北部的古板块构造.新疆地质,12(10):1～8.
Austrhei m H and Boundy T M.1994.Pseudotachylites generatedduring seismic faulting and eclogitization of the deep crust.Science,265(5168):82～83.
Yuan Chao,Sun Min,Xiao Wenjiao,Li Xianhua,Chen Hanlin,LinShoufa,Xia Xiaoping and Long,Xiaoping.2007.Accretionaryorogenesis of the Chinese Altai:Insights from Paleozoicgranitoids.Chemical Geology,242(1～2):22～39.
Coleman R G.1989.Continental growth of northwest China:Tectonics,8(3):621～635.
Davidson C,Davis KJ,Bailey C M,Tape C H,Singleton J,SingerB.2003.Age,origin,and significance of brittle faulting andpseudo-tachylyte along the coast shear zone,Prince Rupert,British Columbia.Geology,31(1):43～46.
Kelley S P,Reddy S M,Maddock R.1994.Laser-probe40Ar/39Arinvestigation of a pseudotachylite and its host rock from theOuter Isles Thrust,Scotland.Geology,22(5):443～446.
Lin Ai ming.1994a.Microlite morphology and chemistry inpseudotachylite fromthe Fuyun fault zone,China.The Journalof geology,102(3):317～329.
Lin Ai ming.1994b.Glassy pseudotachylite veins from the Fuyunfault zone,northwest China.Journal of Structural Geology,16(1):71～83.
Liu Jianmin,Dong Shuwen,Zhang Jiasheng,Liu Xiaochun andChen Bailin.2004.Origin,age and significance ofpseudotachylites from the eastern Dabieshan Orogenic Belt,China.Acta Geologica Sinica,78(1):52～60.
Magloughlin J F and Spray J G.1992.Frictional melting processesand products in geological materials:introduction anddiscussion.Tectonophysics,204(3～4):197～206.
Muller W,Kelley S P,Villa I M.2002.Dating fault-generatedpseudotachylytes:comparison of40Ar/39Ar stepwise-heating,laser-ablation and Rb-Sr microsampling analyses.Contrib.Mineral Petrol.,144(1):57～77.
Qu G and Zhang J.1994.Oblique thrust systems in the AltayOrogen,China.Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,9:277～287;doi:10.1016/0743～9547(94)90035～3.
Rei mold W U,Jessberger E K,Stephan T.1990.40Ar/39Ar datingof pseudotachylite fromthe Vredefort Dome,South Africa:aprogress report.Tectonophysics,171(1～4):139～152.
Sengor A M C and Natal'in B A.1996.Paleotectonics of Asia:fragments of a synthesis.in:Yin A and Harrison T M.eds.The Tectonic Evolution of Asia:New York:CambridgeUniversity Press,486～640.
Shand S J.1916.The pseudotachylyte of Parijs(Orange Free State)andits relation to“trap-shotten gneiss”and“flinty crush-rock”.Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal,14:999～1006.
Sherlock S C,Hetzel R.2001.Alaser-probe40Ar/39Ar study ofpseudotachylite from the Tambach Fault Zone,Kenya:directisotopic dating of brittle faults.J.of Structural Geology,23(1):33～44.
Stephanie M B,Yin An,Craig E M,Chen Zhengle,WangXiaofeng,Mary G.2007.Late Paleozoic tectonic history of theErtix fault in the Chinese Altai and its i mplications for thedevelopment of the Central Asian Orogenic System.GSABulletin,119(7～8):944～960.
Trieloff M,Rei mold U W,Kunz J,Boer R H,Jessberger E K.1994.40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of pseudotachylite at theVentersdorp Contact Reef,Witwatersrand basin.South AfricanJournal of Geology,97(4):365～384.
Wang T,Hong D W,Jahn B M,Tong Y,Wang Y B,Hang B F,Wang X X.2006.Ti ming,petrogenesis,and setting ofPaleozoic synorogenic intrusions from the Altai Mountains,Northwest China:i mplications for the tectonic evolution of anAccretionary orogen.Journal of Geology,114(6):735～751.
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