周口坳陷北部凹陷构造演化及上古生界油气成藏探讨
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摘要
周口坳陷北部凹陷构造相对较简单,是坳陷内部油气勘探的一个重要区域。以地震剖面详细分析解释为基础,将该区古生代以来的构造演化划分为5个阶段:早古生代稳定沉—抬阶段;晚古生代稳定沉降阶段;中生代隆起剥蚀阶段;古近纪断陷沉降阶段;新近纪坳陷沉降阶段。在构造演化史分析的基础上,结合研究区埋藏史图,认为上古生界沉积之后经历埋深、剥蚀、再埋深的过程,最终形成一系列断块。本溪组到下石盒子组的煤层段和暗色泥岩段作为该区主力烃源岩,自古近纪以来进入二次生烃阶段,并大量生成天然气。区内上古生界油气藏聚集类型多样,上古生界油气成藏模式分为3种:自生自储、新生古储和古生新储。
The northern depression belt,characterized by simple tectonics,is one of the most profitable exploration targets in Zhoukou Depression.Based on the detailed interpretation of seismic profile,this region has experienced five evolutionary stages since Palaeozoic Era.They are early Palaeozoic stable subsidence and uplift stage,late Paleozoic stable subsidence stage,Mesozoic era uplift and erosion stage,Paleogene faulted and subsidence stage and Neogene depression subsidence stage.Combined with the analysis of structural evolution and burial history,Upper Palaeozoic formation experienced deep burial,extreme denudation, secondary deep burial and finally formed a series of blocks.Hydrocarbon source rock,coal and dark mudstone from Benxi Formation to Xiashihezi Formation have occurred secondary hydrocarbon generation and have generated large mass natural gases since Paleogene.There are several modes of oil and gas accumulation and three patterns of hydrocarbon accumulation in Upper Palaeozoic oil and gas accumulation in this region,which are source-reservoir,Cenozoic source-Paleozoic reservoir and Paleozoic source-Cenozoic reservoir types.
The northern depression belt,characterized by simple tectonics,is one of the most profitable exploration targets in Zhoukou Depression.Based on the detailed interpretation of seismic profile,this region has experienced five evolutionary stages since Palaeozoic Era.They are early Palaeozoic stable subsidence and uplift stage,late Paleozoic stable subsidence stage,Mesozoic era uplift and erosion stage,Paleogene faulted and subsidence stage and Neogene depression subsidence stage.Combined with the analysis of structural evolution and burial history,Upper Palaeozoic formation experienced deep burial,extreme denudation, secondary deep burial and finally formed a series of blocks.Hydrocarbon source rock,coal and dark mudstone from Benxi Formation to Xiashihezi Formation have occurred secondary hydrocarbon generation and have generated large mass natural gases since Paleogene.There are several modes of oil and gas accumulation and three patterns of hydrocarbon accumulation in Upper Palaeozoic oil and gas accumulation in this region,which are source-reservoir,Cenozoic source-Paleozoic reservoir and Paleozoic source-Cenozoic reservoir types.
引文
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[2]梁积伟,解东宁,何明喜,等.华北盆地南部构造样式分析[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(5):414-417. Liang Jiwei,Xie Dongning,He Mingxi,et al.Structrual style of the Southern North China Basin[J].Petroluem Geology & Experiment, 2006,28(5):414-417.
[3]姚亚明,赵红格,杨斌谊,等.周口坳陷油气地质特征[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2004,34(3):331-336. Yao Yaming,Zhao Hongge,Yang Binyi,et al.Characteristics of petroleum geology of Zhoukou Depression[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science Edition,2004,34(3):331-336.
[4]王传刚,胡宗全,许化政,等.叠合盆地老烃源岩系油气勘探前景评价方法:以南华北周口坳陷上古生界为例[J].石油学报,2008,29 (1):10-22. Wang Chuangang,Hu Zongquan,Xu Huazheng,et al.Evaluation method for petroleum exploration prospect of hydrocarbon-generation paleo-strata in superimposed basins:a case study of the Upper Paleozoic strata of Zhoukou Depression in the Southern North China [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):10-22.
[5]王宗礼,罗强,赵锋,等.南华北地区鹿邑凹陷石炭—二叠系有利成藏条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):194-199. Wang Zongli,Luo Qiang,Zhao Feng,et al.Favorable pooling conditions of Carboniferous-Permian Formation in Luyi Depression of Southern Huabei Area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(2): 194-199.
[6]姚合法,靳秀菊,张丽华.中原地区奥陶系风化壳储集层控制因素及勘探前景[J].断块油气田,2000,7(3):5-7,18. Yao Hefa,Jin Xiuju,Zhang Lihua.Control factors of Ordovician weathering erust reservoir in Zhongyuan Region and its petroleum exploration prospecting[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2000,7(3): 5-7,18.
[7]解东宁,周立发.南华北地区石炭—二叠纪煤系生烃潜力与二次生烃探讨[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(1):30-34. Xie Dongning,Zhou Lifa.Discussion on hydrocarbon generation potential and secondary hydrocarbon generation of organic matter from Permo-Carboniferous coal measures in the Southern North China[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2006,34(1 ):30-34.
[8]黄第藩,华阿新,王铁冠,等.煤成油地球化学新进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:16-79. Hang Difan,Hua Axin,Wang Tieguan,et al.New advance in geochemistry of oil from coals[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 1992:16-79.
[9]张功成,吕锡敏,王定一.南华北中、新生代盆地构造特征及其石油地质意义[J].断块油气田,1998,5(6):7-12. Zhang Gongcheng,Lv Ximin,Wang Dingyi.Structural features of basins in southern area of North China and their influence to petroleum exploration[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,1998,5(6):7-12.
[10]刘志武,周立发,何明喜.周口坳陷石炭—二叠纪残留盆地煤成油气勘探前景[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(6):699-702. Liu Zhiwu,Zhou Lifa,He Mingxi.Prospects for coal-formed oil and gas exploration of Carboniferous-Permian residual basins in Zhoukou Depression[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(6):699-702.
[11]刘志武,周立发,何明喜,等.周口坳陷石炭—二叠系油气成藏条件与富集控制因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(5):13-16. Liu Zhiwu,Zhou Lifa,He Mingxi,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment controlling factors of Permo-Carboniferous system in Zhoukou Depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2008,15(5):13-16.
[12]于翠玲,曾溅辉.断层幕式活动期和间歇期流体运移与油气成藏特征[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):129-132. Yu Cuiling,Zeng Jianhui.Features of fluid migration and hydrocarbon accumulation in the active and intermittent stages of fault episodic activities[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2005,27(2):129- 132.
[13]饶丹,郭迪孝,张欣国,等.华北地区上古生界有效烃源岩评价思路[J].断块油气田,2004,11(3):10-12. Rao Dan,Guo Dixiao,Zhang Xinguo,et al.Evaluation on efficient source rocks of Upper Paleozoic in North China[J].Fault-Bloek Oil & Gas Field,2004,11(3):10-12.
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