鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷迁移演化与坳陷西翼油气成藏
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地是我国陆上最重要的含油气盆地之一,本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘为研究对象,以地震反射资料为基础,主要采用地震剖面"层拉平"与"平衡剖面恢复"等技术手段,对天环坳陷形成与迁移演化历史进行了动态分析。研究结果表明:1)天环坳陷最早形成于晚侏罗世,后期由于受燕山晚期及喜马拉雅山期构造运动影响,坳陷核部逐渐向东迁移至现今位置,前后累计迁移距离约30 km;2)当坳陷核部向东迁移至有效烃源岩范围附近时,原先已形成的油气藏发生重新调整,油气向坳陷西翼高部位运移、聚集,从而形成了次生构造油气藏。
The Ordos Basin is one of the most important hydrocarbon prolific basins in China.Based on seismic data and horizon flatterning as well as seismic balance section technique,dynamic analysis regarding the formation and the history of the migration and evolution of the Tianhuan depression was conducted.Two main results were obtained:1) The Tianhuan depression was primarily formed during the Late Jurassic and later it's axis migrated about 30 km eastward to current position due to the impact of the late Yanshan and Xishan tectonic movements;2) When the axis of the depression moved near to the effective source rock area,the previous pool readjusted and the hydrocarbon migrated to and accumulated at the higher position of the west part of the Tianhuan depression and consequently secondary structural reservoirs were formed.
The Ordos Basin is one of the most important hydrocarbon prolific basins in China.Based on seismic data and horizon flatterning as well as seismic balance section technique,dynamic analysis regarding the formation and the history of the migration and evolution of the Tianhuan depression was conducted.Two main results were obtained:1) The Tianhuan depression was primarily formed during the Late Jurassic and later it's axis migrated about 30 km eastward to current position due to the impact of the late Yanshan and Xishan tectonic movements;2) When the axis of the depression moved near to the effective source rock area,the previous pool readjusted and the hydrocarbon migrated to and accumulated at the higher position of the west part of the Tianhuan depression and consequently secondary structural reservoirs were formed.
引文
① 刘化清,王新民,付金华,冯明,王宏波,廖建波,房乃珍,程玉红.2005．鄂尔多斯盆地中生界石油有利勘探领域分析.鄂尔多斯盆地及邻区中新生代演化动力学和其资源环境效应学术研讨会论文摘要汇编.49-55．
白云来,王新民,刘化清,李天顺.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地西部边界的确定及其地球动力学背景.地质学报,80(6) :792-813.Bai Yunlai,Wang Xinmin,Liu Huaqing and Li Tianshun.2006．Determination of the borderline of the western Ordos Basin and its geodynamics background.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(6) :792-813.
邓胜徽,历大亮.1998．宁夏六盘山盆地三叠系新知及其意义.科学通报,43(4) :425-431．Deng Shenghui and Li Daliang.1998．New knowledge of the Upper Triassic in Liupanshan Basin,Ningxia,China.Chinese Science Bulletin.43(4) :425-431.
傅智雁,袁效奇.1998．宁夏六盘山盆地晚三叠世孢粉组合及其地层意义.古生物学报,37(4) :446-454.Fu Zhiyan and Yuan Xiaoqi.1998．Late Triassic sporopollen assemblage from Liupanshan Basin,Ningxia and stratigraphic significance.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,37(4) :446-454.
何自新.2003．鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气.北京:石油工业出版社.1-390.He Zixin.2003．Evolution of the Ordos Basin and Oil-Gas Sigrtificance.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-390.
李德生.2004．重新认识鄂尔多斯盆地油气地质学.石油勘探与开发,31(6) :1-7.Li Desheng.2004．Return to petroleum geology of Ordos Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,31(6) :1-7.
李家强.2008．层拉平技术在沉积前古地貌恢复中的应用--以济阳坳陷东营地区为例.胜利油田职工大学学报,22(1) :31-32.Li Jiaqiang.2008．Application of “layer flattening” in presedimentary ancient landform recovery:A case study of Jiyang sag,Dongying area.Journal of Shengli Oilfield Staff University,22(1) :31-32.
李相博,王新民,袁剑英,靳久强,于均民,马龙.2001．青藏高原东北部旋卷(扭)构造变形及其形成地质条件分析--兼评法国地质学家Tapponnier的“走向滑移线场和构造逃逸理论”.大地构造与成矿学,25(2) :120-127.Li Xiangbo,Wang Xinmin,Yuan Jianying,Jing Jiuqiang,Yu Junmin and Ma Long.2001．Study on the vortex structure deformation and its forming mechanism in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Additionally discussing French geologist Tapponnier's theories of“strike-slip line field and structure escaping”.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,25(2) :120-127.
刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,岳乐平,赵俊峰,王建强.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应.地质学报,80(5) :617-638.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Gui Xiaojun,Yue Leping,Zhao Junfeng and Wang Jianqiang.2006．Space-time coordinate of the evolution and reformation and mineralization response in Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(5) :617-638.
刘池洋,赵红格,王锋,陈洪.2005．鄂尔多斯盆地西缘(部)中生代构造属性.地质学报,79(6) :737-747.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Wang Feng and Chen Hong.2005．Attributes of the mesozoic structure on the west margin of the Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,79(6) :737-747.
汤锡元,郭忠铭,陈荷立,王润三,李笃行,张军1992．陕甘宁盆地西缘逆冲推覆构造及油气勘探.西安:西北大学出版社.1-156.Tang Xiyuan,Guo Zhongming,Chen Heli,Wang Runsan,Li Duxing and Zhang Jun.1992．Thrust Nappe Structure of the Western Ordos Basin and Its Oil and Gas Exploration.Xi'an:Northwest University Press.1-156.
席胜利,刘新社,王涛.2004．鄂尔多斯盆地中生界石油运移特征分析.石油实验地质,26(3) :229-235.Xi Shengli,Liu Xinshe and Wang Tao.2004．Analysis on the migration characteristics of the Mesozoic petroleum in the Ordos Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,26(3) :229-235.
杨俊杰.2002．鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社.104-213.Yang Junjie.2002．Tectonic Evolution in the Ordos Basin and Its Oil and Gas Distribution.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.104-213.
杨华,付金华,喻建.2003．陕北地区大型三角洲油藏富集规律及勘探技术应用.石油学报,24(3) :6-10.Yang Hua,Fu Jinhua and Yu Jian.2003．Oil reservoir enrichment patterns of large delta systems and application of exploration techniques in Shanbei area.Acta Petrolei Sinica,24(3) :6-10.
喻建,宋江海,向惠.2004．鄂尔多斯盆地中生界隐蔽性油气藏成藏规律.天然气工业,24(12) :35-37.Yu Jian,Song Jianghai and Xiang Hui.2004．Subtle reservoir formation law of Mesozoic in E'erduosi Basin.Natural Gas Industry,24(12) :35-37.
张文正,杨华,李剑锋,马军.2006．论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用--强生排烃特征及机理分析.石油勘探与开发,33(3) :289-293．Zhang Wenzheng,Yang Hua,Li Jianfeng and Ma Jun.2006．Leading effect of high-class source rock of Chang 7 in Ordos Basin on enrichment of low permeability oil-gas accumulation:Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism.Petroleum Exploration and Development,33(3) :289-293.
张向鹏,杨晓薇.2007．平衡剖面技术的研究现状及进展.煤田地质与勘探,35(2) :78-80.Zhang Xiangpeng and Yang Xiaowei.2007．Research present situation and progress about balanced-section technique.Coal Geology & Exploration,35(2) :78-80.
赵文智,王新民,郭彦如,刘化清,白云来.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地西部晚三叠世原型盆地恢复及其改造演化.石油勘探与开发,33(1) :6-13.Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Xinmin,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing and Bai Yunlai.2006．Restoration and tectonic reworking of the Late Triassic basin in western Ordos Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,33(1) :6-13.
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1976．Slip-line field theory and large scale continental tectonics.Nature,264:319-324.
Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Le Dain A Y,Armijo R and Cobbold P.1982．Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia:New insights from simple experiments with plasticene.Geology,10(12) :611-616
Yang Y T,Li W and Ma L.2005．Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos Basin:A multicycle cratonic basin in central China.AAPG Bulletin,89(2) :255-269．
白云来,王新民,刘化清,李天顺.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地西部边界的确定及其地球动力学背景.地质学报,80(6) :792-813.Bai Yunlai,Wang Xinmin,Liu Huaqing and Li Tianshun.2006．Determination of the borderline of the western Ordos Basin and its geodynamics background.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(6) :792-813.
邓胜徽,历大亮.1998．宁夏六盘山盆地三叠系新知及其意义.科学通报,43(4) :425-431．Deng Shenghui and Li Daliang.1998．New knowledge of the Upper Triassic in Liupanshan Basin,Ningxia,China.Chinese Science Bulletin.43(4) :425-431.
傅智雁,袁效奇.1998．宁夏六盘山盆地晚三叠世孢粉组合及其地层意义.古生物学报,37(4) :446-454.Fu Zhiyan and Yuan Xiaoqi.1998．Late Triassic sporopollen assemblage from Liupanshan Basin,Ningxia and stratigraphic significance.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,37(4) :446-454.
何自新.2003．鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气.北京:石油工业出版社.1-390.He Zixin.2003．Evolution of the Ordos Basin and Oil-Gas Sigrtificance.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-390.
李德生.2004．重新认识鄂尔多斯盆地油气地质学.石油勘探与开发,31(6) :1-7.Li Desheng.2004．Return to petroleum geology of Ordos Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,31(6) :1-7.
李家强.2008．层拉平技术在沉积前古地貌恢复中的应用--以济阳坳陷东营地区为例.胜利油田职工大学学报,22(1) :31-32.Li Jiaqiang.2008．Application of “layer flattening” in presedimentary ancient landform recovery:A case study of Jiyang sag,Dongying area.Journal of Shengli Oilfield Staff University,22(1) :31-32.
李相博,王新民,袁剑英,靳久强,于均民,马龙.2001．青藏高原东北部旋卷(扭)构造变形及其形成地质条件分析--兼评法国地质学家Tapponnier的“走向滑移线场和构造逃逸理论”.大地构造与成矿学,25(2) :120-127.Li Xiangbo,Wang Xinmin,Yuan Jianying,Jing Jiuqiang,Yu Junmin and Ma Long.2001．Study on the vortex structure deformation and its forming mechanism in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Additionally discussing French geologist Tapponnier's theories of“strike-slip line field and structure escaping”.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,25(2) :120-127.
刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,岳乐平,赵俊峰,王建强.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应.地质学报,80(5) :617-638.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Gui Xiaojun,Yue Leping,Zhao Junfeng and Wang Jianqiang.2006．Space-time coordinate of the evolution and reformation and mineralization response in Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(5) :617-638.
刘池洋,赵红格,王锋,陈洪.2005．鄂尔多斯盆地西缘(部)中生代构造属性.地质学报,79(6) :737-747.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Wang Feng and Chen Hong.2005．Attributes of the mesozoic structure on the west margin of the Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,79(6) :737-747.
汤锡元,郭忠铭,陈荷立,王润三,李笃行,张军1992．陕甘宁盆地西缘逆冲推覆构造及油气勘探.西安:西北大学出版社.1-156.Tang Xiyuan,Guo Zhongming,Chen Heli,Wang Runsan,Li Duxing and Zhang Jun.1992．Thrust Nappe Structure of the Western Ordos Basin and Its Oil and Gas Exploration.Xi'an:Northwest University Press.1-156.
席胜利,刘新社,王涛.2004．鄂尔多斯盆地中生界石油运移特征分析.石油实验地质,26(3) :229-235.Xi Shengli,Liu Xinshe and Wang Tao.2004．Analysis on the migration characteristics of the Mesozoic petroleum in the Ordos Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,26(3) :229-235.
杨俊杰.2002．鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社.104-213.Yang Junjie.2002．Tectonic Evolution in the Ordos Basin and Its Oil and Gas Distribution.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.104-213.
杨华,付金华,喻建.2003．陕北地区大型三角洲油藏富集规律及勘探技术应用.石油学报,24(3) :6-10.Yang Hua,Fu Jinhua and Yu Jian.2003．Oil reservoir enrichment patterns of large delta systems and application of exploration techniques in Shanbei area.Acta Petrolei Sinica,24(3) :6-10.
喻建,宋江海,向惠.2004．鄂尔多斯盆地中生界隐蔽性油气藏成藏规律.天然气工业,24(12) :35-37.Yu Jian,Song Jianghai and Xiang Hui.2004．Subtle reservoir formation law of Mesozoic in E'erduosi Basin.Natural Gas Industry,24(12) :35-37.
张文正,杨华,李剑锋,马军.2006．论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用--强生排烃特征及机理分析.石油勘探与开发,33(3) :289-293．Zhang Wenzheng,Yang Hua,Li Jianfeng and Ma Jun.2006．Leading effect of high-class source rock of Chang 7 in Ordos Basin on enrichment of low permeability oil-gas accumulation:Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism.Petroleum Exploration and Development,33(3) :289-293.
张向鹏,杨晓薇.2007．平衡剖面技术的研究现状及进展.煤田地质与勘探,35(2) :78-80.Zhang Xiangpeng and Yang Xiaowei.2007．Research present situation and progress about balanced-section technique.Coal Geology & Exploration,35(2) :78-80.
赵文智,王新民,郭彦如,刘化清,白云来.2006．鄂尔多斯盆地西部晚三叠世原型盆地恢复及其改造演化.石油勘探与开发,33(1) :6-13.Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Xinmin,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing and Bai Yunlai.2006．Restoration and tectonic reworking of the Late Triassic basin in western Ordos Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,33(1) :6-13.
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1976．Slip-line field theory and large scale continental tectonics.Nature,264:319-324.
Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Le Dain A Y,Armijo R and Cobbold P.1982．Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia:New insights from simple experiments with plasticene.Geology,10(12) :611-616
Yang Y T,Li W and Ma L.2005．Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos Basin:A multicycle cratonic basin in central China.AAPG Bulletin,89(2) :255-269．
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