塔河油田四区奥陶系古岩溶流域的倒淌河及其成因研究
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摘要
在现代岩溶区,由于构造运动、岩性差异以及地貌起伏等因素,常常出现水系袭夺现象,并随之伴生一系列反常的水文地貌现象,如分水岭迁移和破坏、袭夺肘、风峡、断头河和倒淌河等。基于三维地震资料,应用层拉平技术、精细相干分析技术及相关地震成图技术,对塔河油田四区中—下奥陶统顶部海西早期的岩溶古地貌和古水系进行了恢复识别,发现也存在类似的反常水文地貌现象。借鉴现代水系袭夺理论,证实了塔河油田四区东部岩溶流域早期为南向汇流结构,而后期由于构造运动引起西北部侵蚀基准面下降,并通过地下途径对邻近南向流域北缘进行逐步袭夺,形成了大型倒淌河,再现了本区岩溶古水系及流域的阶段性演化过程,从而为揭示塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶发育规律提供了重要的依据。
Because of structure movement,lithology diversity,morphologic prominence,etc,river system capture usually appears in modern karst drainage basin,accompanied by a series of peculiar hydrogeomorphic phenomenon like divide move-damage,capturing elbow,wind gap,beheaded river and inverted river,etc.Based on 3D seismic data,by applying flattening,accurate coherence analysis and seismic imaging,the karst palaeogeomorphology and palaeodrainage pattern are described and recognized,where the peculiar hydrogeomorphic phenomenon is discovered.In the light of the theory on modern river system capture,it had been south-confluence structure in the east of Block 4,Tahe Oilfield.Then,the base level of erosion had declined in the northwest,and the north border of south-confluence drainage basin was captured by underground way,so the inverted river was built-up.The evolutionary process of karst palaeodrainage pattern and drainage basin were reappeared,supplying a significant foundation for revealing Ordovician palaeo-karst built-up regular pattern for Tahe Oilfield.
Because of structure movement,lithology diversity,morphologic prominence,etc,river system capture usually appears in modern karst drainage basin,accompanied by a series of peculiar hydrogeomorphic phenomenon like divide move-damage,capturing elbow,wind gap,beheaded river and inverted river,etc.Based on 3D seismic data,by applying flattening,accurate coherence analysis and seismic imaging,the karst palaeogeomorphology and palaeodrainage pattern are described and recognized,where the peculiar hydrogeomorphic phenomenon is discovered.In the light of the theory on modern river system capture,it had been south-confluence structure in the east of Block 4,Tahe Oilfield.Then,the base level of erosion had declined in the northwest,and the north border of south-confluence drainage basin was captured by underground way,so the inverted river was built-up.The evolutionary process of karst palaeodrainage pattern and drainage basin were reappeared,supplying a significant foundation for revealing Ordovician palaeo-karst built-up regular pattern for Tahe Oilfield.
引文
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[2]翟晓先.塔河大油田新领域的勘探实践[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):751-761.
[3]张希明,朱建国,李宗宇,等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏的特征及缝洞单元划分[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(1):21-24.
[4]林忠民.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及成藏条件[J].石油学报,2002,23(3):23-26.
[5]肖玉茹,何峰煜,孙义梅.古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征研究——以塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):75-81.
[6]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平.新疆塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.
[7]康志宏,吴铭东.利用层序地层学恢复岩溶古地貌技术——以塔河油田6区为例[J].新疆地质,2003,21(3):290-292.
[8]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):522-525.
[9]邹豹君.小地貌学原理[M].北京:商务印书馆,1985:76-107.
[10]谭明,梁虹.贵州龙宫水西坡立谷湖群水文地貌结构与功能特征[J].湖泊科学,1995,7(1):14-20.
[11]蔡忠贤,刘永立,段金宝.岩溶流域的水系变迁——以塔河油田6区西北部奥陶系古岩溶为例[J].中国岩溶,2009,28(1):30-34.
[12]贾承造.塔里木盆地板块构造与大陆动力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:77-96.
[13]夏义平,柴桂林,汪昌贵,等.塔里木盆地轮南地区下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层的控制因素分析[J].现代地质,2000,14(2):185-190.
[14]云露,闫文新,赵江.阿克库勒凸起成藏地质条件及控油规律[J].新疆地质,2001,19(4):305-308.
[15]闫相宾,张涛.塔河油田碳酸盐岩大型隐蔽油藏成藏机理探讨[J].地质评论,2004,50(4):370-375.
[16]沈玉昌,龚国元.河流地貌学概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1986:71-81.
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