新疆西北部和什托洛盖盆地早中生代沉积特征及构造演化
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摘要
和什托洛盖盆地为新疆西北部地区出露较好的一个早中生代盆地。对盆地内不同构造位置沉积剖面的岩相和相组合分析结果表明,盆地内部发育多种沉积相带并具有显著的空间变化。盆地北部或北东部边缘,以发育冲积扇相、扇三角洲相和湖相为主。盆地的南部或南西部,以发育冲积扇相和河流相为主。古水流和物源分析结果指示,盆地沉积物主体来自北部山区,部分来自盆地南部或西南部地区。通过对盆缘断裂两侧地层的分布特征和其自身要素的分析,结合平行和垂直于盆地长轴、边缘断层的地震剖面,本文认为和什托洛盖盆地的形成和发展,主要受控于盆缘两侧断裂,尤其是盆地南缘达尔布特断裂的左行走滑运动。该盆地是独立于准噶尔盆地之外发展演化的。
The Heshentuoluogai basin is a well-preserved Early Mesozoic basin in Northwestern Xinjiang.There exist various depositional sedimentary lithofacies and facies associations that show obvious spatial variations in different areas of the basin.lluvial fan,fan delta and fine grained lacrustine sediments dominate the proximal areas of the northern or eastnorthern basin margins,while alluvial fan conglomerate,fluvial sandstone and conglomerate facies associations are prevalent in the southern or southwestern parts of the basin.Most sediments mainly come from the Xiemisitaishan area,and some sediments may come from south or southwest mountains,as indicated by restored paleo-current directions and provenance.Based on the stratigraphic style distributed on two sides of basin-margin faults and factors of these faults,and combined with parallel and vertical seismic sections of the basin,this study suggests that the formation and development of Heshentuoluogai basin is controlled by two margins' faults,especially by the sinistral strike-slip movement of the Daerbut fault to the south margin of the basin,and this basin has its own evolving history totally different from that of the Junggar basin.
The Heshentuoluogai basin is a well-preserved Early Mesozoic basin in Northwestern Xinjiang.There exist various depositional sedimentary lithofacies and facies associations that show obvious spatial variations in different areas of the basin.lluvial fan,fan delta and fine grained lacrustine sediments dominate the proximal areas of the northern or eastnorthern basin margins,while alluvial fan conglomerate,fluvial sandstone and conglomerate facies associations are prevalent in the southern or southwestern parts of the basin.Most sediments mainly come from the Xiemisitaishan area,and some sediments may come from south or southwest mountains,as indicated by restored paleo-current directions and provenance.Based on the stratigraphic style distributed on two sides of basin-margin faults and factors of these faults,and combined with parallel and vertical seismic sections of the basin,this study suggests that the formation and development of Heshentuoluogai basin is controlled by two margins' faults,especially by the sinistral strike-slip movement of the Daerbut fault to the south margin of the basin,and this basin has its own evolving history totally different from that of the Junggar basin.
引文
白文吉,Robinson P,杨经绥,周美付,胡旭峰.1995.西准噶尔不同时代蛇绿岩及其构造演化.岩石学报,11(增刊):62～72.
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高瑞祺,赵政璋.2001.中国西北地区侏罗系油气分布.见:中国油气新区勘探,第四卷.北京:石油工业出版社.68～74.
韩宝福,季建清,宋彪,陈立辉,张磊.2006.新疆准噶尔晚古生代陆壳垂向生长(Ι)—后碰撞深成岩浆活动的时限.岩石学报,22(5):1077～1086.
何等发,管树巍,张年富,吴晓智,张越迁.2006.准噶尔盆地哈拉阿拉特山冲断带构造及找油意义.新疆石油地质,27(3):267～269.
金成伟,张秀棋.1993.新疆西准噶尔花岗岩类的时代及其成因.地质科学,28(1):28～36.
李四光.地质力学概论.1973.北京:科学出版社.1～131.
李辛子,韩宝福,李宗怀,刘志强,杜蔚.2005.新疆克拉玛依中基性岩墙群形成力学机制及其构造意义.地质论评,51(5):517～522.
马杏垣.1983.解析构造学刍议.地球科学—武汉地质学院学报,8(3):1～9.
齐进英.1993.新疆准噶尔脉岩群地质及成因.岩石学报,9(3):287～299.
任纪舜,姜春发,张正坤,秦德余.1980.中国大地构造演化.北京:科学出版社.
单文琅,宋鸿林,傅昭仁,任建业.1991.构造变形分析的理论、方法和任务.武汉:中国地质大学出版社:4～29.
舒良树,卢华复,印栋浩,马瑞士,夏飞,卢汉.2001.新疆北部古生代大陆增生构造.新疆地质,14(1):59～63.
苏玉平,唐红峰,候广顺等.2006.新疆西准噶尔达拉布特构造带铝质A型花岗岩的地球化学研究.地球化学,35(1):55～67.
吴朝东,全书进,郭召杰,邱荣华,李永林,王琪琪,冯雪.2004.新疆侏罗纪原型盆地类型.新疆地质,22(1):56～63.
肖序常,汤耀庆,李锦轶.1990.试论新疆北部大地构造演化.见:305项目“新疆地质科学”编委会编,新疆地质科学(第一辑),北京:地质出版社.
肖序常,汤耀庆,李锦轶.1991.古中亚复合巨型缝合带南缘构造演化.北京:地质出版社.
袁峰,周涛发,谭绿贵等.2006.西准噶尔萨乌尔地区I型花岗岩同位素精确定年及其意义.岩石学报,22(5):1238～1248.
张驰,黄萱.1992.新疆西准噶尔蛇绿岩形成时代和环境讨论.地质论评,38(6):509～524.
赵瑞斌,李进云,石树中,杨章.1997.达尔布特断裂中断构造活动性.内陆地震,11(4):295～301.
周良仁.1987.西准噶尔花岗岩中锆石同位素地质年龄及其地质意义.西北地质,(6):30～31.
周涛发,袁峰,谭绿贵等.2006.新疆萨乌尔地区晚古生代岩浆作用的时限、地球化学特征及地球动力学背景.岩石学报,22(5):1077～1086.
Allen P A,Allen J R.1990.Basin analysis:principles andapplications.Oxford:Blackwell Science,115～140.
Allen M B,Windeley B F,Zhang Chi.1992.Palaeozoic collisiontectonics and magmatism of the Chinese Tianshan,centralAsia.Tectonophysics,220:89～115.
Busby C J,Ingersoll R V.1995.Tectonics of sedi mentary basins.Blackwell Science,425～457.
DeCelles P G,Langford R P,Schwartz R K.1983.Two newmethods of paleocurrent determination from trough cross-stratification.Journal of Sedi mentary Petrology,53:629～642.
Harland W H.1971.Tectonic transpression in CaledonianSpitsbergen.Geo Mag,108:27～42.
Kwon S T,Tilton G R,Coleman R G.1989.Study ofmentallogenetic chronology of nonferrous and precious metallicore deposits in north Xinjiang,China.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House.1～264.
Ramsay J G,Huber M I.1983.The Techniques of ModernStructural Geologr-Volume2:Folding and Fault.London:Academic Press.
Rust B R.1972.Pebble orientation in fluvial sedi ments.Journal ofSedi mentary Petrology,42:384～388.
Sylvester A G.Strike slipfault.1989.Bull.Geol.Soc.Am.,100:1666～1703.
高建华,夏代学,史建民,刘惠强.2002.新疆石油物探50年来的经验与教训——以准噶尔盆地为例.新疆地质,20(3):233～238.
高瑞祺,赵政璋.2001.中国西北地区侏罗系油气分布.见:中国油气新区勘探,第四卷.北京:石油工业出版社.68～74.
韩宝福,季建清,宋彪,陈立辉,张磊.2006.新疆准噶尔晚古生代陆壳垂向生长(Ι)—后碰撞深成岩浆活动的时限.岩石学报,22(5):1077～1086.
何等发,管树巍,张年富,吴晓智,张越迁.2006.准噶尔盆地哈拉阿拉特山冲断带构造及找油意义.新疆石油地质,27(3):267～269.
金成伟,张秀棋.1993.新疆西准噶尔花岗岩类的时代及其成因.地质科学,28(1):28～36.
李四光.地质力学概论.1973.北京:科学出版社.1～131.
李辛子,韩宝福,李宗怀,刘志强,杜蔚.2005.新疆克拉玛依中基性岩墙群形成力学机制及其构造意义.地质论评,51(5):517～522.
马杏垣.1983.解析构造学刍议.地球科学—武汉地质学院学报,8(3):1～9.
齐进英.1993.新疆准噶尔脉岩群地质及成因.岩石学报,9(3):287～299.
任纪舜,姜春发,张正坤,秦德余.1980.中国大地构造演化.北京:科学出版社.
单文琅,宋鸿林,傅昭仁,任建业.1991.构造变形分析的理论、方法和任务.武汉:中国地质大学出版社:4～29.
舒良树,卢华复,印栋浩,马瑞士,夏飞,卢汉.2001.新疆北部古生代大陆增生构造.新疆地质,14(1):59～63.
苏玉平,唐红峰,候广顺等.2006.新疆西准噶尔达拉布特构造带铝质A型花岗岩的地球化学研究.地球化学,35(1):55～67.
吴朝东,全书进,郭召杰,邱荣华,李永林,王琪琪,冯雪.2004.新疆侏罗纪原型盆地类型.新疆地质,22(1):56～63.
肖序常,汤耀庆,李锦轶.1990.试论新疆北部大地构造演化.见:305项目“新疆地质科学”编委会编,新疆地质科学(第一辑),北京:地质出版社.
肖序常,汤耀庆,李锦轶.1991.古中亚复合巨型缝合带南缘构造演化.北京:地质出版社.
袁峰,周涛发,谭绿贵等.2006.西准噶尔萨乌尔地区I型花岗岩同位素精确定年及其意义.岩石学报,22(5):1238～1248.
张驰,黄萱.1992.新疆西准噶尔蛇绿岩形成时代和环境讨论.地质论评,38(6):509～524.
赵瑞斌,李进云,石树中,杨章.1997.达尔布特断裂中断构造活动性.内陆地震,11(4):295～301.
周良仁.1987.西准噶尔花岗岩中锆石同位素地质年龄及其地质意义.西北地质,(6):30～31.
周涛发,袁峰,谭绿贵等.2006.新疆萨乌尔地区晚古生代岩浆作用的时限、地球化学特征及地球动力学背景.岩石学报,22(5):1077～1086.
Allen P A,Allen J R.1990.Basin analysis:principles andapplications.Oxford:Blackwell Science,115～140.
Allen M B,Windeley B F,Zhang Chi.1992.Palaeozoic collisiontectonics and magmatism of the Chinese Tianshan,centralAsia.Tectonophysics,220:89～115.
Busby C J,Ingersoll R V.1995.Tectonics of sedi mentary basins.Blackwell Science,425～457.
DeCelles P G,Langford R P,Schwartz R K.1983.Two newmethods of paleocurrent determination from trough cross-stratification.Journal of Sedi mentary Petrology,53:629～642.
Harland W H.1971.Tectonic transpression in CaledonianSpitsbergen.Geo Mag,108:27～42.
Kwon S T,Tilton G R,Coleman R G.1989.Study ofmentallogenetic chronology of nonferrous and precious metallicore deposits in north Xinjiang,China.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House.1～264.
Ramsay J G,Huber M I.1983.The Techniques of ModernStructural Geologr-Volume2:Folding and Fault.London:Academic Press.
Rust B R.1972.Pebble orientation in fluvial sedi ments.Journal ofSedi mentary Petrology,42:384～388.
Sylvester A G.Strike slipfault.1989.Bull.Geol.Soc.Am.,100:1666～1703.
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