塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷西北缘上奥陶统铁热克阿瓦提组海相砂体类型与储集性
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摘要
通过对羊屋2井、跃南2井、吉南1井等5口井岩心的精细描述、单井沉积微相与测井相分析及350km地震剖面解释,认为在满加尔凹陷西北缘上奥陶统铁热克阿瓦提组海相砂泥岩沉积地层中发育5种重要的海相砂体,即滨岸(临滨—前滨)砂体、内陆棚沙脊砂体、内陆棚沟槽砂体、风暴砂体与潮道砂体。在等时地层格架内,研究区西部羊屋与哈得井区,铁热克阿瓦提组最底部分布着具有正韵律特点的、发育海侵砾岩与冲刷面的内陆棚沟槽砂体,其上为正反韵律均有且冲刷面不发育的较细粒内陆棚沙脊砂体,上部则是发育平行层理和冲洗交错层理的具明显反韵律特征的滨岸(临滨—前滨)砂体,顶部发育非均质性较强的风暴层砂体。在东部的吉南井区,下部发育内陆棚沙脊砂体,上部发育潮下带潮道砂体及潮间带砂坪沉积。受奥陶纪末期全球海平面下降影响,砂体分布范围逐步增大。铁热克阿瓦提组海相砂岩储集体以次生孔隙为主,非均质性比较强,导致储集层非均质性的主要原因是不均匀胶结作用、溶解作用以及局部发育有裂缝。对比5种类型海相砂体的储集性,按优差排序依次是内陆棚沙脊砂体、滨岸(临滨—前滨)砂体、内陆棚沟槽砂体、潮道砂体与风暴沉积砂体。
Five types of marine sandbodies were identified in the marine sandy mudstone deposits of the Tierekeawati Formation in northwestern Manjiaer Sag based on detailed analyses of 5 wells including Yangwu 2,Yuenan 2 and Jinan 1,combined with microfacies analyses of single well and interpretation of over 350 km seismic profiles. They are shoreline,inner shelf ridge,inner shelf ditch-trough,storm and tidal channel sandbodies. Ditch-trough sandbodies with transgressive conglomerate and flooding surface at the basal part were developed at the bottom part in Yangwu and Hade areas in the west of the study area which was characterized by normal rhythm. Above it,the inner shelf ridge sandbodies with normal and reverse rhythms and no development of flooding surface. The top part is dominated by shoreline sandbodies with development of paralleling bedding and cross bedding and a reverse rhythm. The storm sandbodies with a strong heterogeneity were developed on the uppermost. In Jinan well area in the east of the study area,inner shelf ridge sandbodies were developed in the lower part,tidal channel sandbodies and tidal deposits were developed in the upper part. The distribution range of sandbodies gradually expanded with the influence of global sea level falling during the Late Ordovician. The marine sandstone reservoir in the Tierekeawati Formation is dominated by secondary pores with a high heterogeneity due to the inhomogeneous cementation,dissolution,and locally developed fissures. Reservoirs are ranked by their properties from good to poor ones as:inner shelf ridge,shoreline,inner shelf ditch-trough,tidal channel and storm sandbodies.
Five types of marine sandbodies were identified in the marine sandy mudstone deposits of the Tierekeawati Formation in northwestern Manjiaer Sag based on detailed analyses of 5 wells including Yangwu 2,Yuenan 2 and Jinan 1,combined with microfacies analyses of single well and interpretation of over 350 km seismic profiles. They are shoreline,inner shelf ridge,inner shelf ditch-trough,storm and tidal channel sandbodies. Ditch-trough sandbodies with transgressive conglomerate and flooding surface at the basal part were developed at the bottom part in Yangwu and Hade areas in the west of the study area which was characterized by normal rhythm. Above it,the inner shelf ridge sandbodies with normal and reverse rhythms and no development of flooding surface. The top part is dominated by shoreline sandbodies with development of paralleling bedding and cross bedding and a reverse rhythm. The storm sandbodies with a strong heterogeneity were developed on the uppermost. In Jinan well area in the east of the study area,inner shelf ridge sandbodies were developed in the lower part,tidal channel sandbodies and tidal deposits were developed in the upper part. The distribution range of sandbodies gradually expanded with the influence of global sea level falling during the Late Ordovician. The marine sandstone reservoir in the Tierekeawati Formation is dominated by secondary pores with a high heterogeneity due to the inhomogeneous cementation,dissolution,and locally developed fissures. Reservoirs are ranked by their properties from good to poor ones as:inner shelf ridge,shoreline,inner shelf ditch-trough,tidal channel and storm sandbodies.
引文
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陈方鸿,王贵文.1999.塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系测井层序地层学研究[J].沉积学报,17(1):58-62.
董贺平.2004.青岛海滩沉积构造及其底形特征[J].海洋地质动态,20(12):5-8.
高志勇,朱如凯,郭宏莉,等.2006a.塔中志留系下沥青砂岩段砂体成因分析[J].古地理学报,8(4):477-485.
高志勇,朱如凯,郭宏莉,等.2006b.海侵背景下风暴控制的滨岸—陆棚砂体研究———以塔中志留系下沥青砂岩段为例[J].沉积学报,24(4):468-475.
顾家裕.1996.塔里木盆地沉积层序特征及其演化[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
HG里丁.1986.沉积环境和相[M].北京:科学出版社.
何起祥.2006.中国海洋沉积地质学[M].北京:海洋出版社,1-503.
李从先,陈刚,庄振业.1985.海滩层理及其地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,5(3):45-55.
毛龙江,张永战,张振克,等.2007.海南岛三亚湾现代沉积环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(4):17-22.
齐永安.1998.遗迹化石与潮控滨浅海海泛面的识别与准层序组合———以塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组为例[J].矿物岩石,18(4):12-16.
申银民,孙玉善,顾桥元,等.2005.塔里木盆地哈得逊地区下石炭统薄层砂体沉积层序与砂体预测[J].石油勘探与开发,32(2):43-45.
张德高.1998.海南岛三亚地区现代滨岸沉积[J].中国煤田地质,10(增刊):49-52.
钟广法,彭德堂,刘绍平,等.1997.塔中地区志留系风暴沉积[J].江汉石油学院学报,19(1):7-11.
朱同兴,冯心涛,于远山,等.2005.广西北海现代海岸沉积作用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,25(4):66-70.
朱筱敏.1995.塔里木盆地志留系与泥盆系碎屑潮坪沉积[C].见:王英华等.沉积学及岩相古地理新进展.北京:石油工业出版社166-169.
朱筱敏,王贵文,谢庆宾.2002.塔里木盆地志留系沉积体系及分布特征[J].石油大学学报,26(3):5-12.
Batist MDe,Jacobs P(Edit).1996.Geology of Siliciclastic Shelf Seas[M].Geological Society Special Publication No.117.The Geolog-ical Society of London,1-338.
Swift D J P,Oertal G F,Tillman R W,et al.1991.Shelf Sand and Sand-stone Bodies Geometry,Facies and Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Blackwell Scientific Publications,1-532.
Thomas F Moslow,Eugene Grhodes(Edit).1986.Modern and AncientShelf Clastics:A Core Workshop[M].SEPMCore Workshop No.9,Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists,1-456.
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