遥感震害快速评估技术在汶川地震中的应用
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摘要
2008年5月12日四川汶川8.0级大地震发生后,在地面交通严重受阻、通信中断的情况下,遥感技术成为了地震灾情获取、地震应急和震后快速评估的重要手段。提出了利用高分辨率遥感影像进行地震应急和震后快速评估的技术流程,该流程涉及到遥感影像的数据管理、快速校正、图像增强、震害信息提取、地震灾情快速评估和评估结果网络发布等关键技术。利用遥感震害识别和快速评估技术准确提取了汶川地震的震害信息,绘制的基于遥感数据的汶川地震烈度分布图与中国地震局公布的基于地面调查结果的地震烈度分布图非常接近,首次实现了在震害遥感影像获取后的2~6h内,提供准确的宏观灾情分布情况以及初步的地震损失评估结果,在汶川地震的灾情获取、地震应急和震后快速评估中发挥了重要的作用。
Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake occurred on May 12,2008 in Sichuan Province.Under the circumstance of destructive land transportation and communication disruption,remote sensing technology became the crucial measure of acquiring seismic disaster information,earthquake emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment.This paper presents the procedure of earthquake emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment using high-resolution remote sensing images.The rapid assessment process involves with many technologies,including rapid remote sensing image correction,image enhancement,seismic damage information extraction,rapid seismic disaster information assessment and web publication of assessment results.Seismic damage information of Wenchuan earthquake was acquired accurately by utilizing the seismic damage recognition and rapid assessment technology of remote sensing data.Wenchuan earthquake intensity distribution map based on remote sensing data is in accordance with that based on ground investigation which is published by China Earthquake Administration.It is the very first time that accurate overall disaster information distribution and preliminary seismic damage assessment results are provided within the 2-6 hours after seismic damage remote sensing images acquired.Seismic damage recognition and rapid assessment technology based on remote sensing play an important role in Wenchuan earthquake disaster information extraction,emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment.
Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake occurred on May 12,2008 in Sichuan Province.Under the circumstance of destructive land transportation and communication disruption,remote sensing technology became the crucial measure of acquiring seismic disaster information,earthquake emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment.This paper presents the procedure of earthquake emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment using high-resolution remote sensing images.The rapid assessment process involves with many technologies,including rapid remote sensing image correction,image enhancement,seismic damage information extraction,rapid seismic disaster information assessment and web publication of assessment results.Seismic damage information of Wenchuan earthquake was acquired accurately by utilizing the seismic damage recognition and rapid assessment technology of remote sensing data.Wenchuan earthquake intensity distribution map based on remote sensing data is in accordance with that based on ground investigation which is published by China Earthquake Administration.It is the very first time that accurate overall disaster information distribution and preliminary seismic damage assessment results are provided within the 2-6 hours after seismic damage remote sensing images acquired.Seismic damage recognition and rapid assessment technology based on remote sensing play an important role in Wenchuan earthquake disaster information extraction,emergency response and post-earthquake rapid assessment.
引文
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[9]Tuong Thuy Vu,M.Matsuoka and F.Yamazaki.Preliminary Results in Development of an Object-based Image Analysis Method for EarthquakeDamage Assessment[A].Proceedings of 3rd International Workshop Remote Sensing for Post-Disaster Response[C],Chiba,Japan,2005.
[10]国家质量技术监督局.GB/T17742-1999.中国地震烈度表[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[11]国家质量技术监督局.GB 18306-2001.中国地震动参数区划图[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[12]中国地震局.汶川8.0级地震烈度分布图.http://www.cea.gov.cn/manage/html/8a8587881632fa5c0116674a018300cf/_content/8_08/29/1219990471729.html
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