库车前陆盆地古隆起及双超压体系对天然气成藏的控制作用
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摘要
通过地层接触关系、沉积特征及地震反射特征等,在库车前陆盆地识别出6个燕山期古隆起及1个古近纪末的低幅度背斜构造。认为燕山末期的古隆起控油,古近纪末期的低幅度构造聚气,新近纪末期的冲断背斜圈闭富气,说明前陆盆地的古隆起与克拉通盆地的古隆起对油气分布具有同样的控制作用。划分出库车前陆盆地纵向上2个超压体系,认为深部超压体系的形成与快速埋藏条件下的大量生烃有关,而上部超压体系是后期构造侧向挤压的结果。古隆起聚集了大量早期生成的天然气,在形成深部超压体系的同时,也决定了新近纪冲断背斜发育的位置,进而也决定了现今天然气藏的分布。
Six palaeouplifts of the Yanshan period and one anticline of low amplitude at the end of the Paleogene were identified in the Kuqa foreland basin according to strata contact relations,sedimentary characteristics,and seismic reflectance signatures.This paper concludes that the palaeouplifts at the end of the Yanshan period con- trolled oil accumulation,the anticline of low amplitude at the end of the Paleogene controlled gas accumulation, and the thrust anticline trap at the end of the Neogene was rich of gas.The conclusion suggests that palaeouplifts of foreland basin had a similar controlling effect on hydrocarbon distribution as that of palaeouplifts in craton ba- sin.Two vertical overpressure systems were identified in the Kuqa foreland basin.The deep overpressure system was caused by the generation of a large amount of hydrocarbons under conditions of fast burial,while the shallow overpressure system was the result of a late lateral tectonic compression.A large amount of earlier-generated gas were accumulated in the palaeouplifts,leading to the formation of the deep overpressure systems.The palaeoup- lifts determined the location of the Neogene thrust anticline and thus the distribution of present gas reservoirs.
Six palaeouplifts of the Yanshan period and one anticline of low amplitude at the end of the Paleogene were identified in the Kuqa foreland basin according to strata contact relations,sedimentary characteristics,and seismic reflectance signatures.This paper concludes that the palaeouplifts at the end of the Yanshan period con- trolled oil accumulation,the anticline of low amplitude at the end of the Paleogene controlled gas accumulation, and the thrust anticline trap at the end of the Neogene was rich of gas.The conclusion suggests that palaeouplifts of foreland basin had a similar controlling effect on hydrocarbon distribution as that of palaeouplifts in craton ba- sin.Two vertical overpressure systems were identified in the Kuqa foreland basin.The deep overpressure system was caused by the generation of a large amount of hydrocarbons under conditions of fast burial,while the shallow overpressure system was the result of a late lateral tectonic compression.A large amount of earlier-generated gas were accumulated in the palaeouplifts,leading to the formation of the deep overpressure systems.The palaeoup- lifts determined the location of the Neogene thrust anticline and thus the distribution of present gas reservoirs.
引文
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2 汤良杰,贾承造,皮学军,等.库车前陆褶皱带盐相关构造[J].中国科学(D 辑),2003,33(1) :38～46
3 卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,2000,21(3) :18～24
4 赵孟军,张宝民.库车前陆坳陷形成大气区的烃源岩条件[J].地质科学,2002,37(增):35～44
5 赵孟军,卢双舫,李剑.库车油气系统天然气地球化学特征及气源岩探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(6) :4～7
6 赵靖舟.前陆盆地天然气成藏理论及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003． 25～80
7 张洪,姜振学,庞雄奇.克拉2气田超压成因的物理模拟实验研究[J].石油学报,2006,27(4) :59～62
8 孙明亮,柳广弟.库车坳陷克拉2气藏异常压力成因分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(3) :18～27
9 孙冬胜,金之钧,吕修祥,等.沉积盆地超压体系划分与油气运聚成藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1) :14～20
10 孙冬胜,金之钧,吕修祥,等.库车前陆盆地迪那2气藏成藏机理及成藏年代[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5) :559～563
11 周新源.库车前陆盆地天然气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002． 220～240
12 李梅,李谦,张秋茶,等.库车前陆冲断带天然气具有深埋水溶气的特点[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(5) :366～370
13 秦胜飞,李梅,胡剑峰,等.和田河气田水溶气成藏特点对克拉2气田的启示[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(1) :45～49
14 李明娟,张永贵,邬兴威,等.塔河南部地区碳酸盐岩油气预测技术研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4) :536～541
15 卢华复,王胜利,罗俊成,等.塔里木盆地东部断裂系统及其构造演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4) :433～441
16 李红南,魏垂高,张世奇,等.塔里木盆地培中地区志留系成藏控制因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(3) :43～49
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