南海南北共轭边缘伸展模型探讨
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摘要
通过对南海南北边缘地震剖面的对比,结合周边构造分析,提出南海大陆边缘的裂离经历了两期伸展作用,即早期的简单剪切和晚期的纯剪切伸展作用。简单剪切发生在晚白垩世—早始新世,其动力与太平洋板块俯冲带的后撤、太平洋板块与欧亚板块之间汇聚速率的降低、以及先存北倾缝合带等密切相关。纯剪切发生在中始新世—渐新世/早中新世,剪切作用的转变与古南海的南向俯冲板块拖曳有关
Based on examining the seismic profiles distributed at the north and south margins of South China Sea, combined with the tectonic analysis of its adjacent area, the authors pointed out that this region experienced two periods' extensions, i.e. the earlier simple shear and the later pure shear. The simple shear extension mainly occurred in Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene, related to slab roll back of Pacific plate, decreasing Paleogene Pacific-Eurasia convergence rate and possible preexisting suture zone. Pure shear happened in response to the extensional slab pull forces from southward subduction of the Paleo-South China Sea beneath Borneo during the Oligocene and Miocene.
Based on examining the seismic profiles distributed at the north and south margins of South China Sea, combined with the tectonic analysis of its adjacent area, the authors pointed out that this region experienced two periods' extensions, i.e. the earlier simple shear and the later pure shear. The simple shear extension mainly occurred in Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene, related to slab roll back of Pacific plate, decreasing Paleogene Pacific-Eurasia convergence rate and possible preexisting suture zone. Pure shear happened in response to the extensional slab pull forces from southward subduction of the Paleo-South China Sea beneath Borneo during the Oligocene and Miocene.
引文
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ZhouD ,RuK ,ChenHZ .1995.KinematicsofCenozoicextensionontheSouthChinaSeacontinentalmarginanditsimplicationsforthetectonicevolutionoftheregion.Tectonophysics,251:161177.
BoillotG ,WintererEL ,MeyerAW ,etal.1988.Proc.OceanDrillingProgramSci.Results,103,OceanDrillingProgram,Collegestation,TX :858p.
BottM ,WaghornGandWhittakerA .1989.Plateboundaryforcesatsub ductionzonesandtrench arccompression.Tectonophysics,170:115.
CurtisA ,TrampertJ ,SneiderRandDostB .1998.Eurasianfundamentalmodesurfacewavephasevelocitiesandtheirrelationshipwithtectonicstructures.J .GeophysicalResearcn,103,2601026947.
FowlerCMR .1990.TheSolidEarth:AnIntroductiontoGlobalGeo physics.CambridgeUniversityPress,472.
HamiltonW .1979.TectonicsoftheIndonesianregion.USGeologicalSur vey,ProfessionalPaper,1078.HarryDandSawyerD .1992.AdynamicmodelofextensionintheBaltimoreCanyontroughregion.Tectonics,11(2):420436.
HayesDE ,NissenSS ,BuhlP ,etal.1995.ThroughgoingcrustalfaultsalongthenorthernmarginofSouthChinaSeaandtheirroleincrustalextension.J .GeophysicalResearch,100(b11):2243522446.
HazebroekPandTanD .1993.TertiarytectonicevolutionoftheNWSabahcontinentalmargin.Geol.Soc.MalaysiaBull.,33,195210.
HutchinsonC .1996.The“RajangaccretionaryprismandtheLuparLine”problemofBorneo.In:HallRandBlundellD .eds.TectonicEvolutionofSoutheastAsia.Spec.Publ.Geol.Soc.Lon.,106,247261.
KeenCEandDehlerS .1993.Stretchingandsubsidence,riftingofconju gatemarginsintheNorthAtlanticregion.Tectonics,12(5):12091229.
KusznirNJ.1991.Thedistributionofstresswithdepthinlithosphere:ther morheologicalandgeodynamicconstraints.Phil.Trans.R .Soc.Lond.(A),337,95110.
李思田,林畅松,张启明,等.1998.南海北部大陆边缘盆地幕式裂陷的动力过程及10Ma以来的构造事件.科学通报,43(8):797810.[LiSitian,LinChangsong,ZhangQiming,etal.1998.Dynamicprocessoftheperiodicriftingandtectoniceventssince10MainthemarginalbasinsnorthoftheSouthChinaSea.ChineseScienceBulletin,43(8):797810(inChinese).]
ListerGS ,EthridgeMA ,SymondsPA .1986.Detachmentfaultingandtheevolutionofpassivecontinentalmargins.Geology,14:246250
刘海龄,郭令智,孙岩,等.2002.南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究.北京:科学出版社.[LiuHailing,Guolingzhi,SunYan,etal.2002.StudyonFaultSysteminNanshaBlock(SouthChinaSea)andtheBlock’sLithosphericDynam ics.Beijing:SciencePress(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).]
刘海龄,杨树康,周蒂,等.1998,南沙北部伸展构造的基本特征及其动力学意义.高校地质学报,4(1):6472.[LiuHailing,YangShukang,ZhouDi,etal.1998.BasincharacteristicsofextensionstructureinnorthernNanshaislands,China,anditsdynamicimplications.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,4(1):6472(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).]
LudmannT ,WongHK .1999.NeotectonicregimeonthepassivecontinentalmarginofthenorthernSouthChinaSea.Tectonophysics,311,113138.
McKenzieD .1978.Someremarksonthedevelopmentofsedimentarybasins.EarthandPlanetarySciencesLetters,40:2532.
NissenSS ,HayesDE ,YaoB .1995.Gravityheatflow,andseismiccon strintsontheprocessesofcrustalextension:NorthernmarginoftheSouthChinaSea.J .GeophysicalResearch,100(B11):2244722483.
NorthrupCJ,RoydenLHandBurchfielBC .1995.MotionofthePacificplaterelationtoEurasiaanditspotentialrelationtoCenozoicextensionalongtheeasternmarginofEurasia.Geology,23:719722
OmangSandBarberA .1996.Originandtectonicsignificanceofthemeta morphicrocksassociatedwiththeDarvelBayophiolite,Sabah,Malaysi a.In:HallRandBlundellD .eds.TectonicEvolutionofSoutheastA sia.Spec.Publ.Geol.Soc.Lon.,106,263279.
RanginC ,BellonH .,BenardF .,etal.,1990.Neogenearc continentcol lisioninSabah,NorthernBorneo(Malaysia).Tectonophysics,183,305319.
RuK ,PigottJD .1986.EpisodicriftingandsubsidenceinthesouthChinaSea.AAPGBulletin,70(9):11361155.
SchluterHU ,HinzK ,BlockM .1996.Tectono stratigraphicterranesanddetachmentfaultingoftheSouthChinaSeaandSuluSea.MarineGe ology,130:3978.
TalyorB ,HayesDE ,1983.OriginandhistoryoftheSouthChinaSeaBasin.InHayesDE .ed.TheTectonicandGeologicEvolutionofSoutheastAsianSeasandIslands,part2,GeophysicalMonograph.27:2356.
AmericanGeophysicalUnion,WashingtonDCTapponnierP ,LacassinR ,LeloupPH ,etal.1990.TheAilaoShan/RedRivermetamorphicbeltlateralshearbetweenIndochinaandSouthChi na.Nature,343,431437.
王国纯.1995.中国近海盆地的正反转构造及其石油地质意义.中国海上油气(地质),9(1):3340.[WangGuochun.1995.PositiveinversionstructuresandtheirsignificancetopetroleumgeologyinChinaoffshorebasins.ChinaOffshoreOilandGas(Geology),9(1):3340(inChinese).]
WangP ,PrellWL ,BlumP ,etal.2000.ExploringtheAsianmonsoonthroughdrillingintheSouthChinaSea.ProceedingsoftheOceanDrillingProgram:InitialReport184,177.
WernickeB .1981.Low anglenormalfaultsintheBasin&RangeProvince:nappetectonicsinanextendingorogen.Nature,219(25):645648.
吴世敏,丘学林,周蒂.2001.南海北部大陆边缘构造属性问题.高校地质学报,7(4):419426.[WuShimin,QiuXuelin,ZhouDi.2001.TectonicSettingoftheNorthernMarginofSouthChinaSea.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,7(4):419426(inChinesewithEnglishAbstract).]
XuelinQiu,SanyuYe,ShiminWu,etal.2001.CrustalstructureacrosstheXishaTrough,northwesternSouthChinaSea.Tectonophysics,341:179193.
姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中,等.1994,南海西沙海槽,一条古缝合线.海洋地质与第四纪地质,14(1):19.[YaoBochu,ZengWeijun,ChenYizhong,etal.1994.XishaTroughofSouthChinaSea—AnAcientSuture.MarineGeology&QuaternaryGeology.14(1):19(inChinesewithEnglishAbstract).]
姚伯初,曾维军,HayesDE ,等.1994.中美合作调研南海地质专报.武汉:中国地质大学出版社.[YaoBochu,ZengWeijun,HayesDE ,etal.1994.TheGeologicalMemoirofSouthChinaSeaSurveyedJointlybyChina&USA .Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress(inChinese).]
张进江,钟大赉,周勇.1999.东南亚及哀牢山红河构造带构造演化的讨论.地质论评,45(4):337343.[ZhangJinjiang,ZhongDalai,ZhouYong,etal.1999.TectonicEvolutionofSoutheastAsiaandtheAilaoHongheTectonicBelt.GeologicalRe view,45(4):337343(inChinesewithEnglishAbstract).]
ZhouD ,RuK ,ChenHZ .1995.KinematicsofCenozoicextensionontheSouthChinaSeacontinentalmarginanditsimplicationsforthetectonicevolutionoftheregion.Tectonophysics,251:161177.
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