Kirchhoff积分法OBS数据地震波场延拓
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摘要
针对海底地震仪(OBS)数据基准面校正的特殊性,采用Kirchhoff积分法对中国南海实际OBS资料进行了基准面校正处理,将炮点延拓到OBS所在处的海底面上,取得了预期的效果。分析表明该延拓法对地震波场的分辨率及信噪比影响不大,且与静校正方法相比较,该方法能够得到地下地层较真实的速度场,这对于后续的动校正、叠加等常规处理十分重要。
When the OBS(ocean bottom seismograph) technique is used to explore the Earth,the shots are on the sea surface and the receivers are on the sea floor,so the OBS data can't be processed in the conventional seismic data processing method.In order to solve this problem,the shots and OBS need correcting into the same surface.Here the Kirchhoff integration method is carried out to extrapolate the shots onto the sea bottom surface where the OBS lies on and ideal results are achieved.The Kirchhoff extrapolation processing used here causes little negative influence on the resolution and wave field's signal/noise ratio.In addition,more accurate velocity field is achieved by velocity analysis to the extrapolated data than to the static shift corrected data,and this is very important to the consecutive data processing such as NMO(normal moveout),stack and so on.
When the OBS(ocean bottom seismograph) technique is used to explore the Earth,the shots are on the sea surface and the receivers are on the sea floor,so the OBS data can't be processed in the conventional seismic data processing method.In order to solve this problem,the shots and OBS need correcting into the same surface.Here the Kirchhoff integration method is carried out to extrapolate the shots onto the sea bottom surface where the OBS lies on and ideal results are achieved.The Kirchhoff extrapolation processing used here causes little negative influence on the resolution and wave field's signal/noise ratio.In addition,more accurate velocity field is achieved by velocity analysis to the extrapolated data than to the static shift corrected data,and this is very important to the consecutive data processing such as NMO(normal moveout),stack and so on.
引文
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[3]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文,等.天然气水合物地震响应研究——中国南海HD152测线[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):33-38.
[4]Wang X C,Xia C L,Liu X W.A case study:imaging OBS mul-tiples of South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2012,33:89-95.
[5]Ray A,Noltem B,Herron D.An experimental nodal OBS acqui-sition from the Thunder Horse field,Gulf of Mexico[J].TheLeading Edge,2005,24(4):410-412.
[6]Ronen S,Comeaux L,Miao X G.Imaging downgoing waves fromocean bottom stations[M]//Society of Exploration Geophysi-cists.75th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Ab-stracts.Houston:SEG,2005:963-966.
[7]Ranjan D,Spence G,Hyndman R,et al.Wide-area imagingfrom OBS multiples[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):41-47.
[8]Wang X C,Xia C L,Liu X W.Downward and upward continua-tion of 2-D seismic data to eliminate ocean bottom topography'seffect[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(2):149-157.
[9]金丹,阎贫,唐群署,等.Kirchhoff波场延拓在OBC记录海水层基准面校正中的应用[J].热带海洋学报,2011,30(6):84-89.
[10]王祥春,夏常亮,刘学伟.起伏地表二维声波方程地震波场延拓[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):702-706.
[11]Berryhill J R.Wave equation datuming[J].Geophysics,1979,44(8):1329-1344.
[12]Wiggins J W.Kirchhoff integral extrapolation and migration ofnonplannar data[J].Geophysics,1984,49(8):1239-1248.
[13]杨锴,许世勇,王华忠,等.有限差分法波场延拓海水层基准面校正[J].中国海上油气:地质,1999,13(5):342-345.
[14]Bevc D.Imaging Under Rugged Topography and Complex VelocityStructure[M].San Francisco:Stanford University,1995:30-70.
[2]马在田,宋海斌,孙建国.海洋天然气水合物的地球物理探测高新技术[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(3):1-6.
[3]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文,等.天然气水合物地震响应研究——中国南海HD152测线[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):33-38.
[4]Wang X C,Xia C L,Liu X W.A case study:imaging OBS mul-tiples of South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2012,33:89-95.
[5]Ray A,Noltem B,Herron D.An experimental nodal OBS acqui-sition from the Thunder Horse field,Gulf of Mexico[J].TheLeading Edge,2005,24(4):410-412.
[6]Ronen S,Comeaux L,Miao X G.Imaging downgoing waves fromocean bottom stations[M]//Society of Exploration Geophysi-cists.75th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Ab-stracts.Houston:SEG,2005:963-966.
[7]Ranjan D,Spence G,Hyndman R,et al.Wide-area imagingfrom OBS multiples[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):41-47.
[8]Wang X C,Xia C L,Liu X W.Downward and upward continua-tion of 2-D seismic data to eliminate ocean bottom topography'seffect[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(2):149-157.
[9]金丹,阎贫,唐群署,等.Kirchhoff波场延拓在OBC记录海水层基准面校正中的应用[J].热带海洋学报,2011,30(6):84-89.
[10]王祥春,夏常亮,刘学伟.起伏地表二维声波方程地震波场延拓[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(5):702-706.
[11]Berryhill J R.Wave equation datuming[J].Geophysics,1979,44(8):1329-1344.
[12]Wiggins J W.Kirchhoff integral extrapolation and migration ofnonplannar data[J].Geophysics,1984,49(8):1239-1248.
[13]杨锴,许世勇,王华忠,等.有限差分法波场延拓海水层基准面校正[J].中国海上油气:地质,1999,13(5):342-345.
[14]Bevc D.Imaging Under Rugged Topography and Complex VelocityStructure[M].San Francisco:Stanford University,1995:30-70.
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