东海潜在地震海啸特点
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摘要
主要从东海发生地震海啸的可能性分析,海啸传播过程的特点以及发生概率几个方面重点阐述讨论了东海地震海啸的一些特性,并分析了地震海啸在东海发生的概率及其特点。得出东海潜在海啸源区主要位于冲绳海槽内,数值模拟海啸在东海的传播过程方程应采用球坐标系下的线性方程,对于近岸的传播包括上岸部分的研究应该采用笛卡儿坐标系下的非线性方程,并且要考虑底部摩擦等项的对波浪的衰减作用。
In this paper,the potential seismic tsunami hazard in East China Sea,the characteristics of tsunami spreading process and its incidence rate were discussed.The results showed that potential tsunami region in East China Sea mostly lay in Okinawa Trough,and its incidence rate is low,the influence of tsunami disaster to China is small.We can get that Okinawa Trough is the mainly potential source areas of earthquake tsunami in East China Sea.Distant propagation of tsunamis can be adequately modeled using the linear Boussinesq equations in the spherical coordinate system,and as the tsunami propagates over the continental shelf and gets to the coastal area,the nonlinear shallow-water equations including bottom frictional effects are adequate to describe the flow motion.
In this paper,the potential seismic tsunami hazard in East China Sea,the characteristics of tsunami spreading process and its incidence rate were discussed.The results showed that potential tsunami region in East China Sea mostly lay in Okinawa Trough,and its incidence rate is low,the influence of tsunami disaster to China is small.We can get that Okinawa Trough is the mainly potential source areas of earthquake tsunami in East China Sea.Distant propagation of tsunamis can be adequately modeled using the linear Boussinesq equations in the spherical coordinate system,and as the tsunami propagates over the continental shelf and gets to the coastal area,the nonlinear shallow-water equations including bottom frictional effects are adequate to describe the flow motion.
引文
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[10]温燕林.东海海域潜在地震海啸的数值模拟及分析[D].北京:中国科学院地球物理所,2008.
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[14]谢毓寿,蔡美彪.中国地震历史资料汇编[G].北京:科学出版社,1985,2:663.
[15]宇佐美龙夫.日本被害地震总览[M].东京:东京大学出版会,1975:53.
[16]刘昌森.地震海啸及其对上海的影响[J].上海地质,1992,(3):15-16.
[17]刘昌森,火恩杰,王锋.中国地震历史资料拾遗[M].北京:地震出版社,2003,119.
①Steven N.Ward,Tsunamis,Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology,2003.
[2]许忠淮,吴少武.南黄海和东海地区现代构造应力特征研究[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):18-25.
[3]Bos A G,Spakman W.Surface deformation and tectonic setting of Taiwan inferred from a GPS velocity field[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2003,108(B10):2 548-2 565.
[4]Yeh Y H,Lin C H,Roecker S W.Astudy of upper crustal structuresbeneath northeastern Taiwan:Possible evidence of thewestern extension of Okinawa Trough[J].Proc.Geol.Soc.China,1989,32:139-156.
[5]Katsumata M,Sykes L R.Seismicity and tectonics of the western Pacific:Izu-Mariana-Caroline and Ryukyu-Taiwanregions[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1969,74:5 923-5 948.
[6]陈运泰,杨智娴,许力生.海啸、地震海啸与海啸地震[J].物理,2005,34(12):7-11.
[7]Zygmunt Kowalik,et al.The Tsunami of December2004:Numerical Modeling and Energy Considerations[C]//22nd IUGGInternational Tsunami Symposium,Chania,2005:27-29.
[8]陈颙,陈棋福.印尼地震海啸及其相关的地球物理现象[J].地球物理学进展,2005,(1):112-117.
[9]刘迎春.中国沿海地区潜在地震海啸灾害评估[D].北京:中国科学院南海海洋所,2007.
[10]温燕林.东海海域潜在地震海啸的数值模拟及分析[D].北京:中国科学院地球物理所,2008.
[11]Philip.Computer Programs for Tsunami Propagation and Inundation[J].National ienceFoundation.October.1998.
[12]太平洋海啸预警中心资料[EB/OL].[2005-07]http://wcatwc.arh.noaa.gov/about/characteristics.htm.
[13]王锋,刘昌森,章振铨.中国古籍中的地震海啸记录[J].中国地震,2005,21(3):437-443.
[14]谢毓寿,蔡美彪.中国地震历史资料汇编[G].北京:科学出版社,1985,2:663.
[15]宇佐美龙夫.日本被害地震总览[M].东京:东京大学出版会,1975:53.
[16]刘昌森.地震海啸及其对上海的影响[J].上海地质,1992,(3):15-16.
[17]刘昌森,火恩杰,王锋.中国地震历史资料拾遗[M].北京:地震出版社,2003,119.
①Steven N.Ward,Tsunamis,Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology,2003.
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