“5.12”特大地震后成都饮水安全保障的紧急应对及反思
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摘要
[目的]作为完善应对饮用水突发卫生事件方案的借鉴。[方法]针对灾后严重的卫生问题,制定应急技术工作指南,紧急培训后开展饮水调查和监测工作。[结果]灾害造成都江堰的集中式供水系统100%受损,其他重灾区供水系统受损也达到14%～50%。通过采取紧急应对措施:应急供水、强化消毒、广泛宣传、及时分析评估、多部门联动,使灾后水质监测合格率快速回升。[结论]灾后饮用水的紧急应对措施有效可行,建议制定紧急饮用水基本安全的判定标准,细化技术方案,综合利用卫生资源。
[Objective] To provide a reference of perfecting the program in dealing with the emergency incident of the sanitation of drinking water. [Methods] According to the sever sanitation of drinking water, the emergency guide for working was developed. The sanitation of drinking water was surveyed and the quality of drinking water was monitored after training. [Results] All the centralized water supply systems of Dujiangyan were destroyed and 14% -50% of the other sever disaster regions were destroyed. The eligible rate of the drinking water was rebounded soon after all emergency response measures were carried out, such as emergency water supply, reinforcing sterilizing, widely publicizing, assessment and analyze timely, cooperation of multi-sectors. [Conclusion] The emergency response measures for drinking water in the disaster regions are feasible and effective. It is advised that the basic criterias of ensuring the sanitation of drinking water should be developed, the program should be made sure for more details, and health resources should be used comprehensively.
[Objective] To provide a reference of perfecting the program in dealing with the emergency incident of the sanitation of drinking water. [Methods] According to the sever sanitation of drinking water, the emergency guide for working was developed. The sanitation of drinking water was surveyed and the quality of drinking water was monitored after training. [Results] All the centralized water supply systems of Dujiangyan were destroyed and 14% -50% of the other sever disaster regions were destroyed. The eligible rate of the drinking water was rebounded soon after all emergency response measures were carried out, such as emergency water supply, reinforcing sterilizing, widely publicizing, assessment and analyze timely, cooperation of multi-sectors. [Conclusion] The emergency response measures for drinking water in the disaster regions are feasible and effective. It is advised that the basic criterias of ensuring the sanitation of drinking water should be developed, the program should be made sure for more details, and health resources should be used comprehensively.
引文
[1]尹红.地震灾后防疫工作中应注意的几个问题[J].人民军医,2008,51(7):413.
[2]国务院令第376号《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》[S].2003.5.9.
[3]四川省人民政府令第174号《四川省<突发公共卫生事件应急条例>实施办法》[S].2003.7.17.
[4]耿文奎,刘德诚.减少和降低公共卫生突发事件危害措施效果的评价[J].中国公共卫生管理,2006,22(2):102-104.
[5]李树猷,潘顺昌.减轻地震灾害的饮水卫生应急措施[J].中国公共卫生,1998,14(9):548-550.
[6]曹广文.灾后防疫非朝夕之功,科学防疫是重中之重[J].第二军医大学学报,2008,7(29):720-724.
[7]石国勇.地震灾害后卫生防疫工作对策与思考[J].中国卫生,2008,7:95-96.
[2]国务院令第376号《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》[S].2003.5.9.
[3]四川省人民政府令第174号《四川省<突发公共卫生事件应急条例>实施办法》[S].2003.7.17.
[4]耿文奎,刘德诚.减少和降低公共卫生突发事件危害措施效果的评价[J].中国公共卫生管理,2006,22(2):102-104.
[5]李树猷,潘顺昌.减轻地震灾害的饮水卫生应急措施[J].中国公共卫生,1998,14(9):548-550.
[6]曹广文.灾后防疫非朝夕之功,科学防疫是重中之重[J].第二军医大学学报,2008,7(29):720-724.
[7]石国勇.地震灾害后卫生防疫工作对策与思考[J].中国卫生,2008,7:95-96.
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