露天矿爆破地震波作用下框架建筑的安全性研究
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摘要
为分析露天矿频繁爆破致使框架建筑出现裂缝的安全性问题,开展基于现场监测的试验研究。采用爆破测振仪和8通道测振系统,测定露天矿爆破地震波参数和框架主体、危险墙体的固有频率及其在露天矿爆破中的振动响应。研究结果表明:填充墙体的固有频率高于建筑主体的固有频率,且接近于爆破地震波的输入频率;填充墙体的振动速度高于建筑主体的振动速度;同爆破地震波传播方向垂直的填充墙是建筑中的危险结构;框架建筑主体和填充墙固有频率的差异性导致沿墙体出现裂缝;爆破地震波的地表振动速度虽然满足《爆破安全规程》,但频繁的露天矿爆破对框架建筑安全的威胁不容忽视。
To analyse the safety of frame structural building impacted by open-pit blasting seismic wave,field monitoring tests were carried out.Parameters of blasting seismic wave,and natural frequency and vibration response of the building were measured.The research results show that the natural frequency of the filler wall is higher than the building's natural frequency and close to the input frequency of blasting seismic wave,that filler wall vibration velocity is higher than building vibration velocity,that the filler wall perpendicular to the blasting seismic wave is the most dangerous structure,that the difference of the natural frequency between filler wall and building leads to crack,and that although vibration velocity of blasting seismic wave meets the specified value of the Safety Specifications of Blasting Operation,the threat of it's frequent impact should not be neglected.
To analyse the safety of frame structural building impacted by open-pit blasting seismic wave,field monitoring tests were carried out.Parameters of blasting seismic wave,and natural frequency and vibration response of the building were measured.The research results show that the natural frequency of the filler wall is higher than the building's natural frequency and close to the input frequency of blasting seismic wave,that filler wall vibration velocity is higher than building vibration velocity,that the filler wall perpendicular to the blasting seismic wave is the most dangerous structure,that the difference of the natural frequency between filler wall and building leads to crack,and that although vibration velocity of blasting seismic wave meets the specified value of the Safety Specifications of Blasting Operation,the threat of it's frequent impact should not be neglected.
引文
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[3]李德林,方向,齐世福,等.爆破震动效应对建筑物的影响[J].工程爆破,2004,10(2):66-69.LI De-lin,FANG Xiang,QI Shi-fu,et al.Effect of blasting vibration on structure[J].Engineering Blasting,2004,10(2):66-69.
[4]刘军,吴从师,高全臣.建筑结构对爆破震动的响应预测[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(4):333-337.LIU Jun,WU Cong-shi,GAO Quan-chen.A research on predicting structural responses to blasting vibration[J].Explo-sion and Shock Wave,2000,20(4):333-337.
[5]Jimeno C L,Jimeno E L,Carcedo F J A.Drilling and Blasting of Rocks[M].Rotterdam:Taylor&Francis US,1995:256-258.
[6]许红涛,卢文波.几种爆破震动安全判据[J].爆破,2002,19(1):8-10.XU Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo.Advance on safety criteria for blasting vibration[J].Blasting,2002,19(1):8-10.
[7]邵良杉,赵琳琳.露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的旋转森林预测模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):58-63.SHAO Liang-shan,ZHAO Lin-lin.Rotation forest analysis model and its application to predicting residential house's dam-age against blasting vibration of open pit mining[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):58-63.
[8]崔波.框架结构对爆破地震效应的预测与损伤评估[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.CUI Bo.Intensity of Vibration Prediction and Damage Assessment of Frame Structure to Blasting Induced GroundMotions[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.
[9]秦鹏.框架填充墙结构的动力试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2006.QIN Peng.Dynamic Experiment and Analytical Study of Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames[D].Changsha:HunanUniversity,2006.
[10]GB6722—2011.爆破安全规程[S].GB6722-2011.Safety Specifications of Blasting Operation[S].
[11]叶洲元,周志华.爆破震动安全距离的优化计算[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(3):57-60.YE Zhou-yuan,ZHOU Zhi-hua.Optimized calculation for safe distance of blasting vibration[J].China Safety ScienceJournal,2005,15(3):57-60.
[12]赵增欣,王生,应怀樵.用天然脉动和变时基锤击法做大型港口机械模态分析[J].水运科学研究所学报,1999,12(4):42-51.ZHAO Zeng-xin,WANG Sheng,YING Huai-qiao.Experimental modal analysis on the large-scale port mechanism byusing natural pulsation method and vary-time-base hammering method[J].Journal of Waterborne Transportation Institute,1999,12(4):42-51.
[13]谢红霞,宿健,易宏,等.冲击荷载进行桥梁模态试验的研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(8):86-89.XIE Hong-xia,SU Jian,YI Hong,et al.Research on bridge modal identification by impulse load[J].Journal of Highwayand Transportation Research and Development,2005,22(8):86-89.
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