汶川地震中甘肃清水田川黄土液化的试验研究
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摘要
2008年5.12特大地震中,位于甘肃省清水县郭川乡的田川村发生了饱和黄土的液化滑移灾害。本文首先在对田川场地进行考察的基础上,综合田川在汶川地震中的震害情况以及滑移区的地形条件,将该地区在汶川地震中的烈度进行了修正。其次对田川黄土进行了物性指标测试以及室内动三轴液化试验,根据试验结果,综合考虑产生液化所需的场地及土性条件、黄土的动强度和液化特性,对田川黄土液化灾害进行了分析,并采用反应分析的方法对其进行了液化判定。研究结果证明了田川黄土液化的事实存在性,为低烈度区黄土液化提供了新的震害依据。
In the Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake,the landslide damage due to liquefaction of saturated loess occurred in the Tianchuan,Qingshui County,Gansu Province.In this paper,based on the field and hazard investigation of the site,we amended the seismic intensity of the region in the Wenchuan earthquake by considering the geographic and geomorphic conditions and the seismic damage of structures of the village.Moreover,the tests on the physical property index and dynamic triaxial liquefaction of Tianchuan loess were carried out based on test results,the liquefaction of Tianchuan saturated loess was analyzed by considering the site conditions and soil characteristics,dynamic strength and liquefaction characteristics of the loess.Finally,the liquefaction discrimination of the loess was completed by using the response analysis method based on the result of dynamic triaxial liquefaction tests.The results show that the liquefaction of the loess is typical example of loess liquefaction,which provides a new example of loess liquefaction in low seismic intensity region.
In the Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake,the landslide damage due to liquefaction of saturated loess occurred in the Tianchuan,Qingshui County,Gansu Province.In this paper,based on the field and hazard investigation of the site,we amended the seismic intensity of the region in the Wenchuan earthquake by considering the geographic and geomorphic conditions and the seismic damage of structures of the village.Moreover,the tests on the physical property index and dynamic triaxial liquefaction of Tianchuan loess were carried out based on test results,the liquefaction of Tianchuan saturated loess was analyzed by considering the site conditions and soil characteristics,dynamic strength and liquefaction characteristics of the loess.Finally,the liquefaction discrimination of the loess was completed by using the response analysis method based on the result of dynamic triaxial liquefaction tests.The results show that the liquefaction of the loess is typical example of loess liquefaction,which provides a new example of loess liquefaction in low seismic intensity region.
引文
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[2]Ishihara K,Okusa S,Oyagi N,et al.Liquefaction-induced flow slide in the collapsible loess deposit insoviet Tajik[J].Soils and Foundations,1990,30(4):73-89.
[3]白铭学,张苏民.高烈度地震时黄土地层的液化滑移[J].工程勘察,1990(6):1-5.[BAI M X,ZHANG S M.Loess liquefaction flow in high intensityearthquake[J].Geotechnical Investigation andSurveying,1990(6):1-5.(in Chinese)]
[4]袁中夏,王兰民,Susumu Yasuda,等.黄土液化机理和判别标准的再研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(4):164-169.[YUAN Z X,WANGL M,Susumu Yasuda,et al.Further study onmechanism and discrimination criterion of loessliquefaction[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2004,24(4):164-169.(in Chinese)]
[5]SL237-017-1999土工试验规程[S].[SL237-017-1999 Soil test procedures[S].(inChinese)]
[6]孙海妹,王兰民,刘红玫,等.原状黄土的反压饱和法试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(1):98-102.[SUN H M,WANG L M,LIU H M,et al.Experimental Study on the Back PressureSaturation Method of Undisturbed Loess[J].Journalof Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(1):98-102.(in Chinese)]
[7]BSI.BS1377:Part8 Shear strength tests[S].London:British Standards Institution,1990.
[8]ASTM D4767-95 Standard Test Method forConsolidated Undrained Triaxial Compression Test forCohesive Soils[S].Washington DC:AmericanSociety of Testing Materials,1995.
[9]李兰,王兰民,石玉成.粘粒含量对甘肃黄土抗液化性能的影响[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(4):102-106.[LI L,WANG L M,SHI Y C.Effect ofclay on liquefaction of loess in Gansu[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2007,23(4):102-106.(in Chinese)]
[10]王峻,王强,王杰民.震后黄土动力学特性试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(4):63-67.[WANG J,WANG Q,WANG J M.Experimentalstudy on the dynamic characteristics of post-earthquake loess[J].Hydrogeology&EngineeringGeology,2010,37(4):63-67.(in Chinese)]
[11]王谦,王兰民,袁中夏,等.兰州某黄土场地液化势评价及地基处理措施[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(增):292-296.[WANG Q,WANG L M,YUAN Z X,et al.Evaluation of liquefaction potentialof Lanzhou loess site and the foundation treatmentmethod[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(S):292-296.(in Chinese)]
[12]汪文韶.土的动力强度及液化特性[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1997:78-92.[WANG W S.SoilDynamic Strength and Liquefaction Characteristics[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,1997:78-92.(in Chinese)]
[13]《工程地质手册》编委会.工程地质手册[M].3版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992:636-640.[“Handbook of Engineering Geology”EditorialBoard.Handbook of Engineering Geology[M].3rded.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1992:636-640.(in Chinese)]
[14]王峻,王兰民.常德-张家界高速公路某大桥桥基沙土液化评价[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(3):327-332.[WANG J,WANG L M.Evaluation ofSand Liquefaction at Site of a Changde-ZhangjiajieExpressway Bridge[M].Journal of EngineeringGeology,2006,14(3):327-332.(in Chinese)]
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