地震多发地区供水管网水质监测点优化布置
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摘要
针对地震多发地区供水管网系统因地震导致供水管网的局部破损引起的突发性水质污染,提出一种水质监测点优化布置的方法。在定义污染物最短传输时间矩阵与监测矩阵的基础上,构建以各管段因地震受损的概率为权系数、以监测点监测到水质变化所需的总体最短时间为主体的目标函数,在给定的允许监测时间下,通过求解目标函数得出监测点的数量与设定位置。以绵阳市某地区(汶川地震波及地区)供水管网系统为例,运用遗传算法对水质监测点的布置方案进行了优化。
According to the unexpected water quality pollution caused by partial network damage which were triggered by earthquake in the earthquake-prone area,this paper offered a water quality monitoring sites layout method.Based on the definition of shortest transportation time matrix and monitoring sites layout matrix,this study constructed a function.Targeting the shortest time needed for the water quality change from the monitoring sites and using the probability of pipe line damage caused by earthquake as weight coefficient during the given monitoring time limit,this function could figure out the quantity and locations for monitoring points through solving the target function.Taking the water distribution network in some area of Mianyang City(located in the affected area of Wenchuan earthquake) as a case study,this paper used the genetic algorithm to optimize the water quality monitoring sites layout.
According to the unexpected water quality pollution caused by partial network damage which were triggered by earthquake in the earthquake-prone area,this paper offered a water quality monitoring sites layout method.Based on the definition of shortest transportation time matrix and monitoring sites layout matrix,this study constructed a function.Targeting the shortest time needed for the water quality change from the monitoring sites and using the probability of pipe line damage caused by earthquake as weight coefficient during the given monitoring time limit,this function could figure out the quantity and locations for monitoring points through solving the target function.Taking the water distribution network in some area of Mianyang City(located in the affected area of Wenchuan earthquake) as a case study,this paper used the genetic algorithm to optimize the water quality monitoring sites layout.
引文
1中国城镇供水排水协会城镇供水系统地震灾害调查组.汶川特大地震中城镇供水系统地震灾害与抗震救灾调查报告.四川,2010
2 Lee H,Deininger A,Clark M.Locating monitoring station inwater distribution systems.Journal of the American WaterWorks Association,1991,83(7):60～66
3 Lee H,Deininger A.Optimal locations of monitoring stations inwater distribution systems.Environ Eng,1992,118(1):4～16
4刘书明,李振瑜,陈晋端.给水管网水质监测点优化选址研究进展.中国给水排水,2009,25(22):20～24
5 Avner K,Avi O,Gideon S.Detecting accidental contaminationsin municipal water networks.Water Resour Plan Manage,1998,124(4):192～198
6沈承,俞亭超,张土乔.城市供水系统突发性污染监测.浙江大学学报(工学版),2010,44(8):1604～1628
7 Ostfeld A,Salomons E.Optimal layout of early warning detec-tion stations for water distribution system security.Water Re-sour Plan Manage,2004,130(5):377～385
8刘书明,李振瑜,陈晋端,等.基于覆盖水量的监测点优化选址法的缺陷与改进.环境科学,2010,31(1):88～92
9 Bahadur R,Samuels B.Pipeline net a model for monitoring in-troduced contaminants in a distribution system.Proceedings ofthe World Water and Environmental Resources Congress,2003
10 Hwang H H M,Lin H,Shinoauka M.Seismic performanceassessment of water delivery systems.Journal of InfrastructureSystems,1998,3(4):118～125
11张德全,吴果林,刘登峰.最短路问题的Floyd加速算法与优化.计算机工程与应用,2009,45(17):41～46
12供水管道抗震指南.日本,2009
13杨超.城市供水管网震害评估研究:[学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2011
14 Goldberg E,Koza R.Genetic algorithms in pipeline optimiza-tion.Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,1987,1(12):128～141
2 Lee H,Deininger A,Clark M.Locating monitoring station inwater distribution systems.Journal of the American WaterWorks Association,1991,83(7):60～66
3 Lee H,Deininger A.Optimal locations of monitoring stations inwater distribution systems.Environ Eng,1992,118(1):4～16
4刘书明,李振瑜,陈晋端.给水管网水质监测点优化选址研究进展.中国给水排水,2009,25(22):20～24
5 Avner K,Avi O,Gideon S.Detecting accidental contaminationsin municipal water networks.Water Resour Plan Manage,1998,124(4):192～198
6沈承,俞亭超,张土乔.城市供水系统突发性污染监测.浙江大学学报(工学版),2010,44(8):1604～1628
7 Ostfeld A,Salomons E.Optimal layout of early warning detec-tion stations for water distribution system security.Water Re-sour Plan Manage,2004,130(5):377～385
8刘书明,李振瑜,陈晋端,等.基于覆盖水量的监测点优化选址法的缺陷与改进.环境科学,2010,31(1):88～92
9 Bahadur R,Samuels B.Pipeline net a model for monitoring in-troduced contaminants in a distribution system.Proceedings ofthe World Water and Environmental Resources Congress,2003
10 Hwang H H M,Lin H,Shinoauka M.Seismic performanceassessment of water delivery systems.Journal of InfrastructureSystems,1998,3(4):118～125
11张德全,吴果林,刘登峰.最短路问题的Floyd加速算法与优化.计算机工程与应用,2009,45(17):41～46
12供水管道抗震指南.日本,2009
13杨超.城市供水管网震害评估研究:[学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2011
14 Goldberg E,Koza R.Genetic algorithms in pipeline optimiza-tion.Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,1987,1(12):128～141
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