地震建筑遗址的破坏特点、加固原则和方法
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摘要
研究目的:地震遗址作为一种特殊的文化遗产形式,具有保存状况脆弱、保护工程实施风险大的特点,震后遗址的加固保护完成后要能集中反映被地震震损或震毁的建筑物、构筑物的结构类型、功能类型、材料类型、损毁程度、损毁方式等方面的特殊性,需要对遗址的破坏特点、加固原则和方法进行研究分析。研究结论:本文结合地震遗址文物保护工程的特殊设计原则,通过分析汶川及玉树地震遗址的主要结构形式和破坏特点,结合文物保护的最小干预、原真性、可逆性和可识别的原则,提出地震遗址抗震加固的内涵是结构整体加固而非单个构件的补强,在遗址加固时应遵循整体以结构抗倒塌能力补强加固为主,局部以受损结构构件修复加固为辅的原则,给出相应的加固方法。
Research purposes:The earthquake relics is one of the peculiar cultural heritages with the fragile conservation state and high risk of the protection project.After the completion of the reinforcement and protection projects of the relics,the earthquake relics should concentratedly reflect the particularities of the structural style,function type,material type,damage degree and damage mode of the earthquake damaged or the earthquake destroyed building and structures.Therefore,it is necessary to make and do the analysis and research on the damage characteristics and the reinforcing principles and methods for the earthquake relics. Research conclusions:Combined with the special design principle of the earthquake relics and the principles of the minimum intervention,authenticity,reversibility and recognition of the preservation of cultural relics,and based on the analysis of the main structural style and the damage characteristics of the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake relics,the intension of the anti-seismic reinforcement of the earthquake relics is presented in this paper.Namely,when the reinforcement is conducted for the relics,the reinforcement for the collapse-resistant capacity should be given the first place to the whole structure while the reinforcement of the member of the damaged structure should be given the second place.Also the corresponding reinforcing method is pointed out in this paper.
Research purposes:The earthquake relics is one of the peculiar cultural heritages with the fragile conservation state and high risk of the protection project.After the completion of the reinforcement and protection projects of the relics,the earthquake relics should concentratedly reflect the particularities of the structural style,function type,material type,damage degree and damage mode of the earthquake damaged or the earthquake destroyed building and structures.Therefore,it is necessary to make and do the analysis and research on the damage characteristics and the reinforcing principles and methods for the earthquake relics. Research conclusions:Combined with the special design principle of the earthquake relics and the principles of the minimum intervention,authenticity,reversibility and recognition of the preservation of cultural relics,and based on the analysis of the main structural style and the damage characteristics of the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake relics,the intension of the anti-seismic reinforcement of the earthquake relics is presented in this paper.Namely,when the reinforcement is conducted for the relics,the reinforcement for the collapse-resistant capacity should be given the first place to the whole structure while the reinforcement of the member of the damaged structure should be given the second place.Also the corresponding reinforcing method is pointed out in this paper.
引文
[1]王风来.汶川地震建筑病害分析与受损建筑加固通用图集[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Wang Fenglai.Earthquake Building Disease Analysisand Damaged Buildings Reinforced General Atlas[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.
[2]陈肇元,钱稼茹.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.Chen Zhaoyuan,Qian Jiaru.Wenchuan EarthquakeBuilding Damage Survey and the Post-disasterReconstruction Analysis Report[M].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2008.
[3]刘吉夫,史培军,范一大,等.2010年4月14日青海玉树地震灾害特点与启示[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010(5):630-633.Liu Jifu,Shi Peijun,Fan Yida,etc.Qinghai's YushuEarthquake Disaster Characteristics and Enlightenmenton April 14,2010[J].Beijing Normal University Press(Natural Science Edition),2010(5):630-633.
[4]唐曹明.既有建筑抗震加固方法的研究与应用现状[J].施工技术,2010(5):5-10.Tang Caoming.Research and Application of SeismicStrengthening Method of Existing Buildings[J].Construction Technology,2010(5):5-10.
[5]杨宗林,朱本珍,张小兵.玉树地震遗址补强加固方法[J].铁道工程学报,2011(7):48-52.Yang Zonglin,Zhu Benzhen,Zhang Xiaobing.Reinforcement Method for Yushu Earthquake Ruins[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2011(7):48-52.
[6]GB 50011—2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].GB 50011—2001,Seismic Design of Buildings[S].
[2]陈肇元,钱稼茹.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.Chen Zhaoyuan,Qian Jiaru.Wenchuan EarthquakeBuilding Damage Survey and the Post-disasterReconstruction Analysis Report[M].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2008.
[3]刘吉夫,史培军,范一大,等.2010年4月14日青海玉树地震灾害特点与启示[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010(5):630-633.Liu Jifu,Shi Peijun,Fan Yida,etc.Qinghai's YushuEarthquake Disaster Characteristics and Enlightenmenton April 14,2010[J].Beijing Normal University Press(Natural Science Edition),2010(5):630-633.
[4]唐曹明.既有建筑抗震加固方法的研究与应用现状[J].施工技术,2010(5):5-10.Tang Caoming.Research and Application of SeismicStrengthening Method of Existing Buildings[J].Construction Technology,2010(5):5-10.
[5]杨宗林,朱本珍,张小兵.玉树地震遗址补强加固方法[J].铁道工程学报,2011(7):48-52.Yang Zonglin,Zhu Benzhen,Zhang Xiaobing.Reinforcement Method for Yushu Earthquake Ruins[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2011(7):48-52.
[6]GB 50011—2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].GB 50011—2001,Seismic Design of Buildings[S].
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