5·12汶川地震典型山地建筑结构房屋震害调查
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摘要
为了揭示山地建筑结构抗震设计是建筑结构抗震设计的薄弱环节,指出其在抗震设计中存在一定的安全隐患,本文通过5.12汶川地震震害调查,针对吊脚式和错层式两种典型山地建筑结构房屋的震害进行描述和分析,提出了若干建议和启示.其主要震害特征表现为:(1)架空层形成柔弱底层而严重破坏;(2)采用长短不同柱将坡地架空,短柱易发生剪切破坏;(3)采用桩柱混合体系将坡地架空,桩基础易发生破坏;(4)错层处楼梯柱、楼梯板破坏严重;(5)陡坎边缘地带建筑物震害较重等.
In order to reveal that seismic design of mountain structures proved to be the weak links for seismic design of the structure,and point out that there are some security risks in seismic design of mountain structures,and according to seismic damage investigation,after the Wenchuan earthquake,the seismic damage between the stilted and staggered floor mountainous building were described and analyzed.Finally,some advices were put forward.The major characteristics of seismic damage are as follows:(1)The stilt floor forming soft and weak was damaged seriously;(2)The overhead building by using different length columns,shear failure easily occurs to short column;(3)the overhead building by using pile foundations and columns resulted in the pile foundations failure easily;(4)the short columns and plates of stair in staggered floor were destroyed seriously;and(5)The seismic damage of buildings upon the margin of the scarp was relatively serious.
In order to reveal that seismic design of mountain structures proved to be the weak links for seismic design of the structure,and point out that there are some security risks in seismic design of mountain structures,and according to seismic damage investigation,after the Wenchuan earthquake,the seismic damage between the stilted and staggered floor mountainous building were described and analyzed.Finally,some advices were put forward.The major characteristics of seismic damage are as follows:(1)The stilt floor forming soft and weak was damaged seriously;(2)The overhead building by using different length columns,shear failure easily occurs to short column;(3)the overhead building by using pile foundations and columns resulted in the pile foundations failure easily;(4)the short columns and plates of stair in staggered floor were destroyed seriously;and(5)The seismic damage of buildings upon the margin of the scarp was relatively serious.
引文
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[6]清华大学,西南交通大学,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Xinan Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiao Tong University.Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.
[7]万杰,何梅,郭华.汶川地震后建筑构造抗震措施之反思[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):631-636.WANJie,HE Mei,GUO Hua.Reflection on the construction aseismic measures after Wenchuan Earthquake[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2008,40(5):631-636.
[2]韩军,李英民,刘立平,等.5.12汶川地震绵阳市区房屋震害统计与分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(5):21-27.HANJun,LI Ying-min,LI ULi-ping,et al.Statistics and analysis of building damagein mianyang city caused by the5.12wenchuan earthquake,sichuan province[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(5):21-27.
[3]王可,黄志广.2005年江西九江地震建筑震害与分析[J].建筑结构,2006,36(6):21-24.WANG Ke,HUANGZhi-guang.Analysis of building Wreckage caused by2005earthquakein Jiujiang[J].Building Structure,2006,36(6):21-24.
[4]李宏男,赵衍刚.日本新泻县中越大地震震害调查及分析[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(1):165-174.LI Hong-nan,ZHAO Yan-gang.Investigation and analysis of Chuetsu earthquake damages[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2005,14(1):165-174.
[5]蔡之瑞,孙柏涛.唐山地震震害与重建唐山[J].世界地震工程,1996(4):48-50.CAI Zhi-rui,SUN Bai-tao.Tangshan earthquake damages and reconstruction of Tangshan city[J].World Earth-quake Engineering,1996(4):48-50.
[6]清华大学,西南交通大学,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Xinan Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiao Tong University.Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.
[7]万杰,何梅,郭华.汶川地震后建筑构造抗震措施之反思[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):631-636.WANJie,HE Mei,GUO Hua.Reflection on the construction aseismic measures after Wenchuan Earthquake[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2008,40(5):631-636.
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