耦合装药特性对深孔预裂爆破应力波能量衰减的影响
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摘要
针对利用深孔预裂爆破技术对低透气性煤层进行强化增透过程中爆生应力波能量弱、衰减快、信噪比低的现状,对爆破孔装药结构提出了改进方案,建立了耦合装药对爆破孔孔壁透射波能量和爆炸载荷影响特性的数值计算模型,利用Matlab编程技术对此数值计算模型进行了计算并获得解析解。在淮南矿业集团顾桥矿进行了爆生应力波能量受耦合装药系数ξ变化的影响特性的现场实验,对基于功率谱的能量分析法进行了改进,并利用此分析法对实验数据进行分析。数值计算和现场实验均表明:随ξ的增大应力波总能量反而减小;当ξ为1.5时,应力波信号在10~50 Hz频段的能量最强,且信噪比也最高。因而在爆破增透实施过程中应将耦合装药系数ξ设计为1.5左右,从而获得最佳的增透半径和增透效果。
Aimed at background of weak energy and low SNR of stress waves generated by deep-hole presplit blast in coal-bed,a reasonable improvement solution was put forward. A numerical model for calculating explosive load on explosive drilling-hole's wall and transmitted wave energy was built under the condition of coupling charge and non-coupling charge,and analytical solution was acquired by programming code in Matlab software. Meanwhile,on-site experiments were carried out to acquire the impact of coupling charge coefficient ξ for the energy of stress waves generated by blast in Pansan Coal Mine of Huainan Coal Group,and improved energy analysis method based on power spectrum was used to analyze experimental data. Both theoretical calculations and on-site experiments show that: the total energy of stress waves decrease as the increase of ξ; when ξ = 1. 5,stress waves have strongest low frequency energy and highest SNR in the frequency range of 10- 50 Hz. so,in the practice of promoting permeability using deep-hole presplit blast,coupling charge coefficient ξ should be designed as 1. 5,and this can acquire the best permeability promoting ra-dius and effect.
Aimed at background of weak energy and low SNR of stress waves generated by deep-hole presplit blast in coal-bed,a reasonable improvement solution was put forward. A numerical model for calculating explosive load on explosive drilling-hole's wall and transmitted wave energy was built under the condition of coupling charge and non-coupling charge,and analytical solution was acquired by programming code in Matlab software. Meanwhile,on-site experiments were carried out to acquire the impact of coupling charge coefficient ξ for the energy of stress waves generated by blast in Pansan Coal Mine of Huainan Coal Group,and improved energy analysis method based on power spectrum was used to analyze experimental data. Both theoretical calculations and on-site experiments show that: the total energy of stress waves decrease as the increase of ξ; when ξ = 1. 5,stress waves have strongest low frequency energy and highest SNR in the frequency range of 10- 50 Hz. so,in the practice of promoting permeability using deep-hole presplit blast,coupling charge coefficient ξ should be designed as 1. 5,and this can acquire the best permeability promoting ra-dius and effect.
引文
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[8]王占江,李孝兰,戈琳,等.花岗岩中化爆的自由场应力波传播规律分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1827-1831.Wang Zhanjiang,Li Xiaolan,Ge Lin,et al.Free-field stress wave propagation induced by underground chemical explosion in granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1827-1831.
[9]Lu Yong,Wang Zhongqi,Chong K.A comparative study of buried structures in soil subjected to blast load using 2D and 3D numerical simulations[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(4):275-288.
[10]Kubota S,Nagayama K,Saburi T,et al.State relations for a twophase mixture of reacting explosives and applications[J].Combustion and Flame,2007,151:74-84.
[11]乐莉,闫军,钟秋海.超高速撞击仿真算法分析[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(9):1941-1943.Le Li,Yan Jun,Zhong Qiuhai.Simulations of debris impacts using three different algorithms[J].Acta Simulata Systematica Sinica,2004,16(9):1941-1943.
[12]杨松岩,俞茂宏,范寿昌.饱和和非饱和介质的弹塑性损伤模型[J].力学学报,2000,32(2):198-206.Yang Songyan,Yu Maohong,Fan Shouchang.An elasto-plastic damage model for saturated and unsaturated geomaterials[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica,2000,32(2):198-206.
[13]郑少河,朱维申.裂隙岩体渗流损伤耦合模型的理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):156-159.Zheng Shaohe,Zhu Weishen.Theoretical analysis on a coupled seepage damage model of fractured rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(2):156-159.
[14]李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.基于功率谱的爆破地震能量分析方法[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(5):491-495.Li Hongtao,Lu Wenbo,Shu Daqiang,et al.An energy analysis method for blast-induced seismic based on power spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,29(5):491-495.
[15]杨贵祥.碳酸盐岩裸露区地震勘探采集方法[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1108-1128.Yang Guixiang.The method of seismic exploration in the bare carbonate rock area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1108-1128.
[16]Rutqvist J,Stephansson O.The role of hydro mechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2003,11(2):7-40.
[2]刘健,刘泽功,石必明.低透气性突出煤层巷道快速掘进的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8):827-831.Liu Jian,Liu Zegong,Shi Biming.Study on the roadway excavation rapidly in the low permeability outburst coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(8):827-831.
[3]李笑天,何树延.冲击作用下水力驱动装置流固耦合动力学[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,44(3):338-341.Li Xiaotian,He Shuyan.Fluid-solid coupling dynamics of a hydraulic drive with an impact load[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2004,44(3):338-341.
[4]杨仁树,牛学超,商厚胜,等.爆炸应力波作用下层理介质断裂的动焦散实验分析[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(1):36-39.Yang Renshu,Niu Xuechao,Shang Housheng,et al.Dynamic caustics analysis of crack in samdwich materials under blasting stress wave[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(1):36-39.
[5]劳俊,肖卫国,王肖钧,等.地下空腔解耦爆炸的数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2009(5):535-541.Lao Jun,Xiao Weiguo,Wang Xiaojun,et al.Numerical simulation on underground cavity-decoupling explosion[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009(5):535-541.
[6]李清,王汉军,杨仁树.多孔台阶爆破破裂过程的模型试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):576-579.Li Qing,Wang Hanjun,Yang Renshu.Experimental investigation on fracture process of multi-hole bench blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(5):576-579.
[7]龚敏,黄毅华,王德胜.松软煤层深孔预裂爆破力学特性的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1674-1681.Gong Min,Huang Yihua,Wang Desheng.Numerical simulation on mechanical characteristics of deep-hole presplitting blasting in soft coal bed[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1674-1681.
[8]王占江,李孝兰,戈琳,等.花岗岩中化爆的自由场应力波传播规律分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1827-1831.Wang Zhanjiang,Li Xiaolan,Ge Lin,et al.Free-field stress wave propagation induced by underground chemical explosion in granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1827-1831.
[9]Lu Yong,Wang Zhongqi,Chong K.A comparative study of buried structures in soil subjected to blast load using 2D and 3D numerical simulations[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(4):275-288.
[10]Kubota S,Nagayama K,Saburi T,et al.State relations for a twophase mixture of reacting explosives and applications[J].Combustion and Flame,2007,151:74-84.
[11]乐莉,闫军,钟秋海.超高速撞击仿真算法分析[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(9):1941-1943.Le Li,Yan Jun,Zhong Qiuhai.Simulations of debris impacts using three different algorithms[J].Acta Simulata Systematica Sinica,2004,16(9):1941-1943.
[12]杨松岩,俞茂宏,范寿昌.饱和和非饱和介质的弹塑性损伤模型[J].力学学报,2000,32(2):198-206.Yang Songyan,Yu Maohong,Fan Shouchang.An elasto-plastic damage model for saturated and unsaturated geomaterials[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica,2000,32(2):198-206.
[13]郑少河,朱维申.裂隙岩体渗流损伤耦合模型的理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):156-159.Zheng Shaohe,Zhu Weishen.Theoretical analysis on a coupled seepage damage model of fractured rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(2):156-159.
[14]李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.基于功率谱的爆破地震能量分析方法[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(5):491-495.Li Hongtao,Lu Wenbo,Shu Daqiang,et al.An energy analysis method for blast-induced seismic based on power spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,29(5):491-495.
[15]杨贵祥.碳酸盐岩裸露区地震勘探采集方法[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1108-1128.Yang Guixiang.The method of seismic exploration in the bare carbonate rock area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1108-1128.
[16]Rutqvist J,Stephansson O.The role of hydro mechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2003,11(2):7-40.
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