高压断路器抗震能力分析及抗震减震措施
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摘要
高压断路器是电力系统中发挥重要作用的关键电气设备之一,但抗震能力较为薄弱。笔者对汶川地震中部分变电站断路器的震害进行了分析,另外,分析了振动台抗震试验中不同地震输入下SF6断路器的加速度和应变响应。分析表明,地震烈度在Ⅶ度以上地区的断路器主要有4种典型的震害型式,损坏较为严重,有必要采取有效的抗震措施提高断路器的抗震能力。除了采用传统抗震技术提高断路器抗震能力外,隔震减震技术也是一种有效的方式,该技术具有减震机理清晰,减震效果明显的优势。结合断路器的结构特点,提出了适用的3种有效的隔震减震技术方案,为今后开展断路器等电气设备的抗震设计与加固改造提供参考。
High voltage circuit breakers are one of the key electrical equipment in power systems which aseismic capacity is weak.Firstly,survey and analysis on earthquake disaster of circuit breakers in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake are carried on.In addition,acceleration and stress response of SF6 circuit breaker,subjected by varied earthquake wave in shaking table testing.As is shown that damage of circuit breakers is severe in the above Ⅶ level(earthquake intensity) region.Generally,there are four types of typical damage.It is essential that some effective aseismic measures are adopted to improving aseismic capacity for circuit breakers.There are two methods to enhance circuit breaker aseismic capacity,one is conventional aseismic technology,another is isolation and damping technology which have obvious advantages for the distinct principle and notable efficiency.Finally,considering to structural feature,the three suitable schemes on isolation and damping technology of circuit breaker are put forward.This research has some certain reference to aseismic design and reinforcement of circuit breaker electrical equipment.
High voltage circuit breakers are one of the key electrical equipment in power systems which aseismic capacity is weak.Firstly,survey and analysis on earthquake disaster of circuit breakers in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake are carried on.In addition,acceleration and stress response of SF6 circuit breaker,subjected by varied earthquake wave in shaking table testing.As is shown that damage of circuit breakers is severe in the above Ⅶ level(earthquake intensity) region.Generally,there are four types of typical damage.It is essential that some effective aseismic measures are adopted to improving aseismic capacity for circuit breakers.There are two methods to enhance circuit breaker aseismic capacity,one is conventional aseismic technology,another is isolation and damping technology which have obvious advantages for the distinct principle and notable efficiency.Finally,considering to structural feature,the three suitable schemes on isolation and damping technology of circuit breaker are put forward.This research has some certain reference to aseismic design and reinforcement of circuit breaker electrical equipment.
引文
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[11]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997.ZHOU Fu-lin.Engineering structural vibration control[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1997.
[12]朴吉兴,徐国政,黄瑜珑.ZN12-12型断路器动力学仿真与分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(3):169-175.PIAO Ji-xing,XU Guo-zheng,HUANG Yu-long.Dynamicsimulation and analysis of type ZN12-12 circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(3):169-175.
[13]唐友刚.高等结构动力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002.TANG You-gang.Advance structural dynamics[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,2002.
[14]IEEE.IEEE recommended practice for seismic design ofsubstations[S].New York:Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers,2005.
[15]曹枚根,范荣全,李世平,等.大型电力变压器及套管隔震体系的设计与应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(12):130-135.CAO Mei-gen,FAN Rong-quan,LI Shi-Ping,et al.Designand application of seismic isolation system of large powertransformer and bushings system[J].Power System Tech-nology,2011,35(12):130-135.
[2]于永清,李光范,李鹏,等.四川电网汶川地震电力设施受灾调研分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):1-6.YU Yong-qing,LI Guang-fan,LI Peng,et al.Investigationand analysis of electric equipment damage in Sichuanpower grid caused by Wenchuan earthquake[J].PowerSystem Technology,2008,32(11):1-6.
[3]汶川8.0级地震电网受灾情况调研及初步分析报告[R].北京:国家电网公司科技部,2008.Report for investigation and preliminary analysis ofdamages on power grid in the Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake[R].Beijing:Science and Technology Department of StateGrid of China,2008.
[4]张子引,赵彪,曹伟炜,等.四川汶川8.0级地震电网受灾情况调研与初步分析[J].电力技术经济,2008,20(4):1-4.ZHANG Zi-yin,ZHAO Biao,CAO Wei-wei,et al.Investigation and preliminary analysis of damages onpower grid in the Wenchuan earthquake of M8.0[J].Electric Power Technologic Economics,2008,20(4):1-4.
[5]汶川大地震四川电网电气设备受损情况调研分析报告[R].成都:四川省电力公司,2009.Report for investigation and analysis of electric equip-ments damage of Sichuan power grid in the Wenchuanearthquake[R].Chendou:Sichuan Electric Power Corpora-tion of SGCC,2009.
[6]YUAN Yi-fan,SUN Bo-tao.General introduction ofengineering damage of Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2008,28(Supplement):74-86.
[7]刘建秋,王亚超,韩庆文.变电站震害分析与抗震措施的研究综述[J].电力建设,2011,32(7):44-50.LIU Jian-qiu,WANG Ya-chao,HAN Wen-qing.Reviewon seismic disaster analysis and aseismatic measures oftransformer substation[J].Electric Power Construction,2011,32(7):44-50.
[8]张雪松,代泽兵,曹枚根,等.安装新型铅减震器的220kV断路器振动台试验[J].高压电器,2011,47(8):14-17.ZHANG Xue-song,DAI Ze-bing,CAO Mei-gen,et al.Shake table test of the 220 kV breaker wit h a new typelead damper[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2011,47(8):14-17.
[9]曹枚根,周福霖,谭平,等.地震作用下断路器动力时程分析及阻尼效应研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(7):27-34.CAO Mei-gen,ZHOU Fu-lin,TAN Ping,et al.Analysison dynamic time-history of circuit breaker and dampingratio effect under earthquake[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(7):27-34.
[10]曹枚根,程永锋,代泽兵,等.瓷柱式SF6断路器的抗震性能及阻尼影响研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2009,42(Supplement):267-272.CAO Mei-gen,CHENG Yong-feng,DAI Ze-bin,et al.Study of aseismic performance and damping effects ofporcelain column SF6 circuit breaker[J].EngineeringJournal of Wuhan University,2009,42(Supplement):267-272.
[11]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997.ZHOU Fu-lin.Engineering structural vibration control[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1997.
[12]朴吉兴,徐国政,黄瑜珑.ZN12-12型断路器动力学仿真与分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(3):169-175.PIAO Ji-xing,XU Guo-zheng,HUANG Yu-long.Dynamicsimulation and analysis of type ZN12-12 circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(3):169-175.
[13]唐友刚.高等结构动力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002.TANG You-gang.Advance structural dynamics[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,2002.
[14]IEEE.IEEE recommended practice for seismic design ofsubstations[S].New York:Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers,2005.
[15]曹枚根,范荣全,李世平,等.大型电力变压器及套管隔震体系的设计与应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(12):130-135.CAO Mei-gen,FAN Rong-quan,LI Shi-Ping,et al.Designand application of seismic isolation system of large powertransformer and bushings system[J].Power System Tech-nology,2011,35(12):130-135.
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