地铁车站内爆炸引起的地面震动分析
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摘要
地铁车站内部爆炸及产生的爆炸冲击波将在结构周围的土体中产生巨大的应力波,并向外传播,进而引起地铁车站周边地面的强烈震动,对地面建筑结构造成危害。该文以天津某典型地铁车站为例,对车站内发生意外爆炸后,应力波在周围土体内的传播过程,引起的周边地面震动的特性及其衰减规律进行了数值分析;同时针对国内典型地铁车站,研究了车站埋深、炸药量等参数对地铁车站周边地面震动的影响规律,进而提出了考虑车站埋深和比例距离变化的地铁车站周边地面典型位置的地面震动主要参数的计算公式。该文的研究成果可用于评估恐怖爆炸情况下地铁车站周边建筑的抗震安全性,也可为地铁车站抗爆设计中车站埋深的选取提供理论依据。
Once an internal explosion happened in a subway station,strong stress wave will occur in the surrounding soil,which will spread to the surface causing strong vibration of the buildings.In this paper,a case study of typical subway station in Tianjin is carried out to analyze the responses of surrounding soil induced by an internal explosion,including the propagation of shock wave in the soil,characteristics of ground vibration and its attenuation law.For a typical subway station in China,parametric studies are carried out to investigate the influences of explosive weight and structure buried depth on ground vibration surrounding the subway station.Further,a series of formulas concerning scaled distance and structure buried depth are derived to calculate the main parameters of ground vibration at typical positions surrounding the subway station.The results of the research can be used both to estimate the vibration safety of buildings surrounding the subway station under terrorist bombing attack,and to provide theoretical basis for the determination of structure buried depth in blast-resistant design of subway stations.
Once an internal explosion happened in a subway station,strong stress wave will occur in the surrounding soil,which will spread to the surface causing strong vibration of the buildings.In this paper,a case study of typical subway station in Tianjin is carried out to analyze the responses of surrounding soil induced by an internal explosion,including the propagation of shock wave in the soil,characteristics of ground vibration and its attenuation law.For a typical subway station in China,parametric studies are carried out to investigate the influences of explosive weight and structure buried depth on ground vibration surrounding the subway station.Further,a series of formulas concerning scaled distance and structure buried depth are derived to calculate the main parameters of ground vibration at typical positions surrounding the subway station.The results of the research can be used both to estimate the vibration safety of buildings surrounding the subway station under terrorist bombing attack,and to provide theoretical basis for the determination of structure buried depth in blast-resistant design of subway stations.
引文
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[2]林大超,张奇,白春华.近地表爆炸地震的地面竖向振动速度的随机特性[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(3):235―240.Lin Dachao,Zhang Qi,Bai Chunhua.Random propertyof ground vertical vibration velocity induced by nearground explosion seismic effect[J].Explosion andShockwaves,2000,20(3):235―240.(in Chinese)
[3]林大超,张奇,熊祖钊,白春华.爆炸地震地面振动速度的随机相似性[J].工程爆破,2001,7(4):7―10.Lin Dachao,Zhang Qi,Xiong Zuzhao,Bai Chunhua.Random similarity of ground vibration velocities fromexplosion seism[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(4):7―10.(in Chinese)
[4]US Department of Defense.Structure to resist the effectsof accidental explosions TM5-1300[S].Departments ofthe Army,Navy,and Air Force,USA,1990.
[5]Wang Z Q,Hao H,Lu Y.A three-phase soil model forsimulating stress wave propagation due to blast loading[J].International Journal Numerical Analysis Methods ofGeomechanics,2004,28:33―56.
[6]Wu Chengqing,Hao Hong.Numerical study ofcharacteristics of underground blast induced surfaceground motion and their effect on above-groundstructures.Part I.Ground motion characteristics[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(1):27―38.
[7]Hao Hong,Wu Yaokun,Ma Guowei,Zhou Yingxin.Characteristics of surface ground motions induced byblasts in jointed rock mass[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2001,21:85―98.
[8]田力.地下爆炸波冲击下地面结构动力响应及滑移隔震研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004.Tian Li.Dynamic response and sliding isolation ofstructures on the ground subjected to undergroundexplosion waves[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2004.(in Chinese)
[9]LS-DYNA.Theory manual[M].Livermore,California:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,2006:19.16―18.
[10]李铮,金福青,蔡中民.混凝土板自振特性及动力响应[C].中国土木工程学会防护工程分会第九次学术年会论文集,长春,2004.Li Zheng,Jin Fuqing,Cai Zhongmin.The vibrationcharacters and dynamic responses of the concrete slab[C].Proceeding of the 9th Annual Meeting of theProtection Engineering Association of the CivilEngineering Association of China,Changchun:2004.(inChinese)
[11]龚晓楠.土塑性力学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997:154―155.Gong Xiaonan.Soil plasticity[M].Hangzhou:ZhejiangUniversity Press,1997:154―155.(in Chinese)
[12]谷音,刘晶波,杜义欣.三维一致粘弹性人工边界及等效粘弹性边界单元[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):31―37.Gu Yin,Liu Jingbo,Du Yixin.3D consistentviscous-spring artificial boundary and viscous-springboundary element[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(12):31―37.(in Chinese)
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